Abstract:
:In the classical renin angiotensin system (RAS), angiotensin II Ang IIplays many important roles in cardiovascular disease and in kidney, brain, and other organs via the Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1). The RAS consists of many angiotensin peptides, including Ang (1-7), Ang (1-9), Ang (2-8), and Ang IV. Ang (1-7), produced by angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), has received attention because ACE2-deficient mice have heart failure. In addition, the proto-oncogene mas and insulin regulatory aminopeptidase (IRAP) have been identified as receptors for Ang (1-7) and Ang IV, respectively, accelerating investigations into both peptides. Many groups have suggested that the ACE2/Ang (1-7)/mas axis results in beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease, renal damage, and glucose intolerance and plays an independent role in kidney disease and glucose metabolism. On the other hand, Ang IV/IRAP strongly influences memory disturbance and protects against brain ischemia. Finally, the classical RAS-ACE/Ang II/AT1 axis blockade yields beneficial effects in the context of organ damage, and additional modulation of ACE2/Ang (1-7)/mas or angiotensin IV/IRAP with this blockade results in even greater improvement. In the near future, new treatments targeting RAS and using new angiotensin peptide players might be developed for managing lifestyle-related diseases.
journal_name
Curr Pharm Desjournal_title
Current pharmaceutical designauthors
Ohishi M,Yamamoto K,Rakugi Hdoi
10.2174/1381612811319170013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-01-01 00:00:00pages
3060-4issue
17eissn
1381-6128issn
1873-4286pii
CPD-EPUB-20121121-12journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The production of autoreactive antibodies from self-reactive B cells results in the formation of immune complexes that deposit in tissue and fix complement, contributing to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Earlier mouse models emphasize the importance of autoreactive antibodies formed against "self" prot...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612053381936
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke remains a major cause of death in the US and around the world. Despite major scientific advances in our understanding of stroke pathology, the only FDA-approved drug for ischemic stroke is tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Moreover, the therapeutic window for tPA is confined to the acute phase of stroke, ther...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161212802002724
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiolabelled peptides and monoclonal antibodies are an emerging class of radiopharmaceuticals for imaging inflammation with clinical implications for several chronic inflammatory disorders for diagnosis, therapy decision making and follow up. In the last decades, a number of novel monoclonal antibodies and peptides h...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161208785777414
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metal ions that leach into biotherapeutic drug product solution during manufacturing and storage, result in contamination that can cause physico-chemical degradation of the active molecule. In this review, we describe various mechanisms by which metal ion leachates can interact with therapeutic proteins and antibodies...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/13816128113199990063
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactoferrin (Lf) is a conserved cationic non-heme glycoprotein that is part of the innate immune defense system of mammals. Lf is present in colostrum, milk and mucosal sites, and it is also produced by polymorphonuclear neutrophils and secreted at infection sites. Lf and Lf N-terminus peptide-derivatives named lactof...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612824666180327155929
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intestinal epithelium forms a barrier against the intestinal contents and the wider environment, allowing entry of selected molecules for nutrition and programming of the mucosal immune system, but excluding toxins and most microorganisms. Many receptors and signalling pathways are coupled and implicated in the ep...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612819666131119110835
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transforming growth factor-β family members, which include TGF-βs, activins and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), play important roles in development and maintaining tissue homeostasis. The extracellular TGF-β family members signal across the plasmamembrane by activating type I and type II serine/threonine kinase re...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/138161212802430495
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cancer and its treatment therapies, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, have negative effects on taste and smell functions. It is easy to explain smell and taste dysfunctions when a cancer involves the peripheric end organs or neurologic pathways of smell and taste. However, it is difficult to understand ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666160216150956
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic pain is a widespread healthcare problem affecting not only the patient but in many ways all the society. Chronic pain is a disease itself that endures for a long period of time and it is resistant to the majority of medical treatments that provide modest improvements in pain and minimum improvements in physica...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612820666140314150634
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The three opioid receptors, mu, delta and kappa all mediate analgesia, and knockout mice with opioid receptor deletion have proven unique tools to investigate in vivo opioid pharmacology. Since a few years, a number of new mouse lines have been engineered, with several distinct mutations of the mu receptor, to assess ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/138161281942140105163727
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aneuploidy is a pathological condition that affects 35% of human spontaneous abortions and 0.3% of livebirths. In spite of the increasing knowledge about molecular mechanisms of meiosis and chromosome segregation, maternal age remains the only ascertained aetiological factor. Genetically modified mouse models have bee...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161206776389859
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac ischemia, followed by reperfusion, often results in the development of cardiac contractile dysfunction that limits the recovery prognosis of patients. The current goal of pharmacological therapy in the course of ischemic heart disease is to improve the oxygen supply/demand ratio for the heart. Cardiac contract...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/13816128113199990556
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phytoestrogens are plant-derived compounds with estrogen-like activities. Certain foods such as soy-derived products are known to have high levels of phytoestrogens, and about 25% of commercial infant formulas used in the United States are soy-based. One of the most important phytoestrogens is the isoflavone genistein...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612043383683
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nesfatin-1, derived from the precursor NEFA/nucleobindin2 (NUCB2), was initially identified as a feeding-suppressing neuropeptide, acting at central (mainly, hypothalamic) levels in a leptin-independent manner. However, recent experimental evidence strongly suggests that, rather than being a simple anorectic hypothala...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161281939131127142531
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinically most relevant medications for lipid management are the statins, which constitute in the majority of the cases the basis of any lipid-modulating therapy. However, other agents are often needed to either reduce low-density cholesterol to target levels and/or to treat residual serum lipoprotein abnormaliti...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612811319170017
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, Aβ aggregation prevention, one of the most concerned strategies in drug development has been carefully assessed to treat Alzheimer's disease. Aβ peptides can transform structurally from random coil monomer into β-stranded protofibril via multiple oligomeric states. Among the various Aβ species, the id...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612824666180813093420
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene that lead to abnormalities in transepithelial ion transport in the airways of affected patients. Lung disease is the major contributor to morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis but recommende...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161212799315984
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medicinal inorganic chemistry plays an important role in exploring the properties of metal ions for the designing of new drugs. The field has been stimulated by the success of cis-platin, the world best selling anticancer drug and platinum complexes with reduced toxicity, oral activity and activity against resistant t...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666160906143249
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The population with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been increasing and is currently estimated to be 1 in 58 births. The increased prevalence of ASD together with the lack of knowledge on the processes of aging in this population, the support needed at this stage of life, and the associated risk factors, ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612825666191204165117
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::650 millions of adults are obese worldwide - in the US alone, forty percent of the adults are obese. Although the obesity pandemic is constantly expanding at very high costs for health care systems, the currently available options of pharmacotherapy for obesity are rather limited. Despite intensive research efforts, t...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612825666190708192630
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular disease has been the leading cause of death in both sexes in developed countries for decades. In general, men and women share the same cardiovascular risk factors. However, in recent trials including both men and women sexspecific analyses have raised awareness of sex differences in cardiovasc...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666160309115318
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monocytes are leading component of the mononuclear phagocytic system that play a key role in phagocytosis and removal of several kinds of microbes from the body. Monocytes are bone marrow precursor cells that stay in the blood for a few days and migrate towards tissues where they differentiate into macrophages. Monocy...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612825666190102104642
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrimidine nucleotides, including UTP, UDP and UDP-glucose, are important signaling molecules which activate G protein-coupled membrane receptors of the P2Y family. Four distinct pyrimidine nucleotide-sensitive P2Y receptor subtypes have been cloned, P2Y(2), P2Y(4), P2Y(6) and P2Y(14). Pharmacological experiments indi...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612023392937
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Manufacturing of pharmaceutical solids involves different unit operations and processing steps such as powder blending, fluidization, sieving, powder coating, pneumatic conveying and spray drying. During these operations, particles come in contact with other particles, different metallic, glass or polymer surfaces and...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612821666151008124811
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last two decades quantitative electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis has been widely used to investigate the neurophysiological characteristics of insomnia. These studies provided evidence in support of the hypothesis that primary insomnia is associated with hyperarousal of central nervous system and altered sleep...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161208786549326
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synaptic transmission through descending motor pathways to lumbar motoneurons and then to leg muscles is essential for walking in humans and rats. Spinal cord injury (SCI), even when incomplete, results in diminished transmission to motoneurons and very limited recovery of motor function. Neurotrophins have emerged as...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/13816128113199990378
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diterpenes present complex structure and due to their unique carbon skeleton and interesting biological activities, have been the focus of continuous studies for the development of new anticancer agents. Phorbol esters have been known for their activity against skin malignancies since ancient times. Taxol was first st...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612825666190111143648
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are a novel category of oral antidiabetic drugs that inhibit renal glucose reabsorption and increase renal glucose excretion, thus lowering plasma glucose levels. This unique mechanism of SGLT2i action is insulin independent, thus improving glycemic control ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612823666170113152742
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Uveitis is a sight threatening intraocular inflammation accounting for approximately 10% of blindness worldwide. On the basis of aetiology, disease can be classified as infectious or non-infectious; and by anatomical localization of inflammation as anterior, posterior and panuveitis. Non-infectious uveitis is believed...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612821666150316122928
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of common neurodegenerative diseases, which shows motor symptoms including tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural instability. It also involves non-motor symptoms such as cognitive impairment, mental manifestation, autonomic disorder and sensory disturbance. Although treatments to ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612823666170710163731
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00