Abstract：
:In the last two decades quantitative electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis has been widely used to investigate the neurophysiological characteristics of insomnia. These studies provided evidence in support of the hypothesis that primary insomnia is associated with hyperarousal of central nervous system and altered sleep homeostasis. However, we have here underlined that these results have intrinsic methodological problems, mainly related to constraints of standard assessment in clinical research. We have proposed that future studies should be performed on larger samples of drug-free patients, using within-subjects designs and longitudinally recording patients adapted to sleep laboratory. All these methodological improvements will allow to partial out the contribution of individual differences, pharmacological influences and first-night effects on EEG frequencies. Moreover, we have discussed the potential relevance of recent findings from basic research concerning local changes during physiological sleep, which could be extended to the study of insomnia. We have suggested that, if normal sleep exhibits specific regional characteristics, also disorders in initiating and maintaining sleep should be characterized by local changes. The extension of this theoretical framework to the study of insomnia could provide new insights on the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. As a first step toward the integration of knowledge from basic and clinical research focused on local sleep changes, here we showed some preliminary data from sleep onset recordings of patients with paradoxical insomnia. This approach supports the heuristic potential of our proposal, pointing to a local functional impairment in the process of synchronization in insomniac patients compared to normal subjects, the former exhibiting more beta and less delta and sigma power on anterior scalp locations than the latter.
journal_name
Curr Pharm Desjournal_title
Current pharmaceutical designauthors
Marzano C,Ferrara M,Sforza E,De Gennaro Ldoi
10.2174/138161208786549326subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-01-01 00:00:00pages
3446-55issue
32eissn
1381-6128issn
1873-4286journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Although the obesity epidemic is constantly expanding at very high costs for health care systems, the currently available options for the pharmacotherapy of obesity are very limited. This is not due to lack of interest or research on the subject but rather to the poor efficacy and/or safety profile of the majority of ...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/13816128113199990302
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An important goal of biomedical research is to translate basic research findings into practical clinical implementation. Despite the advances in the technology used in drug discovery, the development of drugs for central nervous system diseases remains challenging. The failure rate for new drugs targeting important ce...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612826666200224112534
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite the introduction of new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), the quality of life and therapeutic response for patients with epilepsy remain unsatisfactory. In addition, whilst several antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have been approved and consequently marketed in recent years, little is known about their long-term...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612823666170809115429
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pivotal therapeutic role of myocardial metabolic modulation in ischemic heart disease (IHD) is increasingly recognized. Among the others, inhibitors of free fatty acids (FFA) oxidation have been consistently shown to play an important role in the therapeutic strategy of IHD patients. Additionally, abnormalities of...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161209787582093
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors mediate diverse physiological functions. At present, five receptor subtypes (M(1) - M(5)) have been identified. The odd-numbered receptors (M(1), M(3), and M(5)) are preferentially coupled to G(q/11) and activate phospholipase C, which initiates the phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161206778522056
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In various metabolic diseases, both the coronary circulation and cardiac metabolism are altered. Here we summarize the effects of a condition called hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) - which can develop due to genetic and/or environmental causes - on the function of coronary microvessels and heart. This metabolic disease is...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612824666180625125450
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cancer is the world's second-largest cause of death, with an estimated 9.6 million fatalities in 2018. Malignant tumour (cancer) is caused by a mixture of genetic modifications due to the environmental variables that tend to activate or inactivate different genes, ultimately resulting in neoplastic transform...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2174/1381612826666200701151403
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Membrane disrupting lytic peptides are abundant in nature and serve insects, invertebrates, vertebrates and humans as defense molecules. Initially, these peptides attracted attention as antimicrobial agents; later, the sensitivity of tumor cells to lytic peptides was discovered. In the last decade intensive research h...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612043383971
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chloride channels play important roles in vital cellular signalling processes contributing to homeostasis in both excitable and non-excitable cells. Since 1987, more than ten ion channel genes have been identified as causing human hereditary diseases among them the genes for the voltage-dependent chloride channel ClC-...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161206775474459
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nanodelivery of therapeutics into the brain will require a step-change in thinking; overcoming the blood brain barrier is one of the major challenges to any neural therapy. The promise of nanotechnology is that the selective delivery of therapeutics can be delivered through to the brain without causing secondary d...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161207781368648
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There is an increasing interest from the pharmaceutical and food industry in natural antioxidant and bioactive compounds derived from plants as substitutes for synthetic compounds. The genus Allium is one of the largest genera, with more than 900 species, including important cultivated and wild species, havi...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612826666200203145851
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There are controversial results available about using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and the development of cancers or improvement of clinical outcomes. Studies reported that using ACEI/ARB may enhance the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： meta分析
doi：10.2174/1381612826666200713165018
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in women worldwide. Breast cancer tends to metastasize to bone. Around 70% of the breast cancer patients eventually develop bone metastasis. After the bone invasion, metastatic cells disrupt the balance between osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612824666180619165728
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The heart is a sophisticated endocrine gland synthesizing a family of peptide hormones by three different genes. These cardiac hormones are stored as 3 prohormones, i.e. atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) prohormones. Within the ANP prohormones are 4 ...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161210790963887
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in the onset and development of many diseases, including cancers. Emerging evidence shows that numerous miRNAs have the potential to be used as diagnostic biomarkers for cancers, and miRNA-based therapy may be a promising therapy for the treatment of malignant neoplasm. MicroRNA-14...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2174/1381612826666201029095702
更新日期：2020-10-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Risk reduction and the attainment of good outcomes in contemporary cataract surgery depend in part on patient compliance with a postoperative regimen of topical eye drops. Topical drops are expensive and challenging to instill properly for patients. The consequences of noncompliance or poor compliance can be significa...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612822666161129150628
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs) are observed in 0,1-0,4% of the paediatric population and represent an important clinical problem with related significant health and social issues. Most tachycardias are paroxysmal, being associated with sudden onset and termination, and only a relatively small number of them is p...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161208784007761
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) represent a major burden on the healthcare system since their diagnostic and management are complex. As they can be influenced by individual genetic background, it is conceivable that the identification of variants in genes potentially involved could be used in genetic testing fo...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612825666191105122414
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Enhancing a compound's biological activity is the central task for lead optimization in small molecules drug discovery. However, it is laborious to perform many iterative rounds of compound synthesis and bioactivity tests. To address the issue, it is highly demanding to develop high quality in silico bioacti...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2174/1381612826666200427111309
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phytoestrogens are plant-derived compounds with estrogen-like activities. Certain foods such as soy-derived products are known to have high levels of phytoestrogens, and about 25% of commercial infant formulas used in the United States are soy-based. One of the most important phytoestrogens is the isoflavone genistein...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612043383683
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The number of people who are overweight and obese are continuously increasing both in the adult and adolescent populations. Coinciding with this is the increased prevalence of health problems such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Bariatric surgery is the only proven long-term treatment of obesity and may induce remission of ...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612824666180614075412
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The development of appropriate pharmaceutical formulations for routine neonatal practice is challenging because of the developmental characteristics and the need for it to be specifically ageappropriate. This has led to wide use of extemporaneous formulations, which lack standardized procedures that can resu...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612823666170926122613
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Population studies have identified diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for cardiac and vascular events, with a common association with hypertension. Observational studies have consistently demonstrated blood glucose as a continuous cardiovascular risk factor. Experimental studies suggest that elevated blood glucose, th...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161206776843322
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The frequency of neuropsychiatric disorders is greater than that of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes combined, and is growing at a faster rate than any other ailments in the United States or Europe. Despite a considerable need for the development of treatments for central nervous system disorders, pharmace...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612822666160127111453
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synaptic plasticity is now known to occur at glutamate synapses throughout the brain, including the neocortex, and to play a role in neurodevelopment as well as in a broad spectrum of adult neural functions. Here the hypothesis that synaptic plasticity, specifically long term depression, is the neural substrate that m...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612819666140110122307
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several lines of evidence support a mutual relationship between the nervous system and the immune system. Therefore, it is not surprising that some neuropsychiatric disorders are also characterized by immune abnormalities. In patients with phobic disorders and in patients with migraine without aura some common immune ...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612033454234
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protozoan parasites, such as those responsible for malaria and African Sleeping Sickness, represent a huge burden to the developing world. Current chemotherapy to combat these diseases is inadequate: antiquated, toxic and increasingly ineffective due to drug resistance. In this article, the potential usefulness of tar...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161208784041042
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA methylation is an important regulatory component which influences phenotypes by modulating gene expression. Changes in DNA methylation may lead to altered phenotypes and ability of an organism to respond to stress leading to subsequent manifestation of life style diseases, cancer, etc. The human X chromosome repre...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2174/13816128113199990518
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of the cell cycle and RNA polymerase II transcription. Several pharmacological CDK inhibitors (PCIs) are currently in clinical trials as potential cancer therapeutics since CDK hyperactivation is detected in the majority of neoplasias. Within the last few years, the a...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161206777442083
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Introduction of flow cytometric technique to the research on basophil activation has led to significant achievements in allergy diagnosis in vitro. Most of the studies employing the flow cytometry used CD63 as a marker of basophil activation and only some of them used CD203c. Recently discovered basophil activation ma...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161211798357890
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
