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A novel heart rate control model provides insights linking LF-HRV behavior to the open-loop gain.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Low-frequency heart rate variability (LF-HRV) at rest has already been successfully modeled as self-sustained oscillations in a nonlinear control loop, but these models fail to simulate LF-HRV decreases either during aerobic exercise or in heart failure patients. Following control engineering practices, we assume the existence of a biological excitation (dither) within the heart rate control loop that softens the nonlinearity and studied LF-HRV behavior in a dither-embedded model. METHODS:We adopted the Ottesen model with some revisions and induced a dither of high-frequency stochastic perturbations. We simulated scenarios of a healthy subject at rest and during aerobic exercise (by decreasing peripheral vascular resistance) and a heart failure patient (by decreasing stroke volume). RESULTS:The simulations resembled physiological LF-HRV behavior, i.e., LF-HRV decreased during aerobic exercise and in the heart failure patient. The simulations exhibited LF-HRV dependency on the open-loop gain, which is related to the product of the feedback gain and the feed forward gain. CONCLUSIONS:We are the first to demonstrate that LF-HRV may be dependent on the open-loop gain. Accordingly, reduced open-loop gain results in decreased LF-HRV, and vice versa. Our findings explain a well-known but unexplained observed phenomenon of reduced LF-HRV both in heart failure patients and in healthy subjects performing aerobic exercise. These findings have implications on how changes in LF-HRV can be interpreted physiologically, a necessary step towards the clinical utilization of LF-HRV.

journal_name

Int J Cardiol

journal_title

International journal of cardiology

authors

Dvir H,Bobrovsky BZ,Gabbay U

doi

10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.09.073

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2013-09-20 00:00:00

pages

287-93

issue

1

eissn

0167-5273

issn

1874-1754

pii

S0167-5273(12)01179-5

journal_volume

168

pub_type

杂志文章

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