Abstract:
:What pattern of brain damage could completely obliterate the sense of olfaction in humans? We had an opportunity to address this intriguing question in Patient B., who has extensive bilateral damage to most of the limbic system, including the medial and lateral temporal lobes, orbital frontal cortex, insular cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and basal forebrain, caused by herpes simplex encephalitis. The patient demonstrated profound impairments in odor identification and recognition. Moreover, he could not discriminate between olfactory stimuli, and he had severe impairments in odor detection. Reliable stimulus detection was obtained only for solutions of the organic solvent acetone and highly concentrated solutions of ethanol. In contrast to the more circumscribed olfactory deficits demonstrated in patients with damage confined to either the temporal lobes or orbitofrontal cortex (which tend to involve odor identification but not odor detection), Patient B. demonstrated a strikingly severe and complete anosmia. This contrast in olfactory abilities and deficits as a result of different anatomical pathology affords new insights into the neural substrates of olfactory processing in humans.
journal_name
J Clin Exp Neuropsycholjournal_title
Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychologyauthors
Tranel D,Welsh-Bohmer KAdoi
10.1080/13803395.2011.633897subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-01-01 00:00:00pages
117-25issue
2eissn
1380-3395issn
1744-411Xjournal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:Stress is a well-known determinant of cognitive performance in both younger and older adults. However, the moderating effect of pathological aging on this relationship remains insufficiently documented. We hypothesize that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients will report hi...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2018.1564250
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Visuospatial processing and task switching are impaired in individuals with mood disorders. It is unknown whether early deficits are present before mood symptom on set or are related to risk for a specific type of mood disorder. To investigate, we compared visual attention and task switching during sequenc...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2017.1401597
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The literature suggests that nondeclarative, or nonconscious, learning might be impaired among HIV-seropositive (HIV+) individuals compared with HIV-seronegative (HIV-) matched control groups, but these studies have included relatively few women. We administered measures of motor skill and probabilistic learning, task...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2010.493150
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with acute confusional states display impaired attention and memory with difficulty following complex verbal commands. In addition to these deficits, we have observed a selective impairment in spatial thinking similar to that present following right-hemisphere lesions. Consequently, we compared patients with ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688638808402813
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurocognitive assessment is frequently used as a basis for making determinations regarding a person's ability to work; yet, to our knowledge, a review of the association between neurocognition and employment status has not been conducted. For this review, we utilized meta-analysis to quantify objectively the associat...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1076/jcen.25.8.1186.16723
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the area of abilities testing, one issue of continued dissent is whether abilities are best conceptualized as manifestations of a single underlying general factor or as reflecting the combination of multiple traits that may be dissociable. The fact that diverse cognitive tests tend to be positively correlated has b...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2011.645018
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Reactive oxygen species are involved in the functional changes necessary for synaptic plasticity, memory, and cognitive function. It is far from clear whether the increased excitability, and which forms of neuronal excitability, should be considered a part of the learning process or, rather, cellular manif...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2015.1007118
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Drowning is a serious and frequently neglected public health threat. Primary respiratory impairment after submersion often leads to brain dysfunction. Depending on the period of global hypoxia (respiratory failure), clinical aspects of neurological dysfunction are evident on the first evaluation after the ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2017.1371674
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Participants scoring high and low on a schizotypy scale (n=18 in each group) switched between naming words and naming colors in a Stroop task in congruent, neutral, and incongruent conditions. The findings were that, while being slower and less accurate overall than low schizotypes, the high schizotypy group did not d...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390701336866
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between executive function and coping at one-year-post traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI and matched control groups completed a coping questionnaire and a neuropsychological test series. In the TBI group, better executive performance was related to the use of p...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390500376816
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Useful Field of View test (UFOV(1)) is a measure of processing speed that predicts driving performance and other functional abilities in older adults. In comparison to a number of other visual and cognitive measures, the UFOV measure has consistently been found to be the strongest predictor of motor vehicle crashe...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390490515432
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reports on the development and validation of a novel, objective test of judgment for use with older adults. The Test of Practical Judgment (TOP-J) is an open-ended measure that evaluates judgment related to safety, medical, social/ethical, and financial issues. Psychometric features were examined in a sam...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13825580601025908
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Occupational neurotoxicology offers the opportunity for demonstration of neuropsychological capacity to detect otherwise non-demonstrable CNS compromise, and thereby the enhancement of human well-being. Simultaneously, neuropsychological applications in this field highlight some of the disciplines persisting problems,...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/01688639008401010
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forty-one patients with putative Alzheimer's Disease (AD) were evaluated to determine the diagnostic utility of a profile of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) subtests which has been proposed by Fuld (1984) to identify cholinergic dysfunction. Only nine (21.9%) of these patients had positive Wechsler profiles. ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688638708405359
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the sensitivity and specificity of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) as a measure of frontal lobe damage in 91 subjects with stable focal brain lesions. Anatomical information about the location and extent of brain damage was obtained from MR and CT transparencies. No significant differences in WCST p...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688639108405107
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim was to study whether an inkblot technique can reveal differential deficits of ideation and memory related to the side and site of brain damage. Seventy-three patients with focal brain lesions and nine control patients were studied with a modified Holtzman Inkblot Technique. The results confirmed the previous R...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688638708405211
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Like controls, a Closed-Head Injury (CHI) group learned quickly to press a button during a 3-s warning stimulus in order to avoid a noxious buzzer. In a similar task, however, the CHI group had greater difficulty achieving the learning criterion compared to controls when required to prevent an innocuous visual display...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688639508405150
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Research addressing deployment-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) is fairly complex due to a high prevalence of comorbid conditions, multiple exposures, and the lack of acute medical records. Therefore, there is a need for a well-defined, matching comparison group. This study compared deployment-related ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2016.1167172
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sample of 278 men and 353 elderly women who resided in the community received the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) as part of a study of health in mature adult Oklahomans. Females attained significantly higher scores on the Immediate and Delayed Memory and the Language Index...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/jcen.25.8.1065.16732
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary goal of this study was to establish the stability of the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT-3) Reading score across two annual assessments of aging individuals. Participants were classified as controls (n = 200), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 137), or possible or probable Alzheimer's disease (AD; n = ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390802375557
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical literature in Huntington's disease (HD) suggests that unawareness of deficits is prevalent among HD patients. However, few studies have characterized unawareness of different types of impairment within this neuropsychiatric disorder. The purpose of the current study was to examine self-awareness of functi...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390600718958
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research suggests that effort detection measures based on patterns of neuropsychological performance may be more robust to coaching than traditional effort detection measures. In the present study, we evaluated the Exaggeration Index for an extended version of the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (EI-AVLTX), a rec...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390490510121
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ultimate objective of the present investigation was to improve the detection of depression in multiple sclerosis (MS) by comparing common self-report depression measures to a new, modified measure, which takes into account the contribution that symptoms of MS may have on individuals' reports. There has been a long...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2015.1063591
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The copy condition of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) is sensitive to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, but its neural correlates remain unclear. We used fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) to elucidate this association in 77 patients with probable AD. We observed a correlation between...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2012.763113
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impulsive behavior is thought to lead to both positive and negative psychosocial outcomes. However, little is known about the potential consequences of subclinical expressions of behavior dysregulation on everyday functioning. To examine this relationship, global social functioning was measured in 89 healthy, young ad...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2011.639297
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recovery in 60 patients with a closed-head injury (CHI) in the first year posttrauma was assessed repeatedly with a series of attention tests. A matched group of healthy subjects was tested at the same intervals to allow us to control for practice effects. The results of a multilevel analysis for longitudinal data sho...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/jcen.21.5.585.874
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vocabulary scores tend to be significantly related to education in heterogeneous groups of older adults, even after controlling for confounding variables. However, there may be other factors that impinge on cognitive functioning for certain demographic groups, particularly those whose educational opportuniti...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2016.1269155
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between white matter integrity of the brain and postconcussion symptom reporting following mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). METHOD:Participants were 109 U.S. military service members (91.7% male) who had sustained a MTBI (n = 88) or orthopedic injur...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2019.1585518
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with eating disorders favor immediate gratification and ignore long-term negative consequences. This study investigated decision making in bulimia nervosa using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and skin conductance responses (SCR). METHOD:A total of 26 bulimia nervosa patients and 51 healthy controls t...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390802251378
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a cross-sectional study, we examined age-related differences in visuo-spatial ability associated with image rotation, using two variants of Piaget's 'Three-Mountain Task.' The object-mental rotation (OMR) task detects the ability to mentally rotate an image, whereas the subject-mental rotation (SMR) task reveals th...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/jcen.24.1.18.969
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00