Abstract：
:Summary While complex physiological mechanisms exist to regulate and optimize tissue oxygenation under various conditions, clinical and experimental evidence indicates that anaemia, unchecked, is associated with organ injury and unfavourable outcomes. More data (especially from human studies) are needed to answer questions regarding the optimal approaches to the treatment of acute and chronic anaemia. Meantime, allogeneic blood transfusions remain the most common treatment, particularly in surgical/trauma patients and those with moderate-to-severe anaemia. Clinical studies emphasize the paradox that both anaemia and transfusion are associated with organ injury and increased morbidity and mortality across a wide span of disease states and surgical interventions. Further characterization of the mechanisms of injury is needed to appropriately balance these risks and to develop novel treatment strategies that will improve patient outcomes. Here, we present the current understanding of the physiological mechanisms of tissue oxygen delivery, utilization, adaptation, and survival in the face of anaemia and current evidence on the independent (and often, synergistic) deleterious impact of anaemia and transfusion on patient outcomes. The risks of anaemia and transfusion in the light of substantial variations in transfusion practices, increasing costs, shrinking pool of donated resources, and ambiguity about actual clinical benefits of banked allogeneic blood demand better management strategies targeted at improving patient outcomes.
journal_name
Br J Anaesthjournal_title
British journal of anaesthesiaauthors
Shander A,Javidroozi M,Ozawa S,Hare GMdoi
10.1093/bja/aer350subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-12-01 00:00:00pages
i41-59eissn
0007-0912issn
1471-6771pii
S0007-0912(17)32554-0journal_volume
107 Suppl 1pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:We report a case of improved cardiopulmonary exercise (CPX) test outcomes measured 48 h after initial CPX testing and immediately after alterations were made to the settings of a dual chamber, dual sensing pacemaker with exercise detection. The changes allowed successful abdominal surgery to be completed. ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/aet587
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of di-isopropyl phenol (Diprivan) for induction of anaesthesia was assessed in doses ranging from 1 to 3 mg kg-1. With less than 1.75mg kg-1 not all patients were anaesthetized; 2.0 mg kg-1 appeared to be a satisfactory induction dose. Involuntary muscle movement, cough and hiccup at induction were rare with a...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/53.11.1197
更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The effect of anaesthesia on postoperative outcome is unclear. Cardioprotective properties of volatile anaesthetics have been demonstrated experimentally and in haemodynamically stable patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Their effects in patients undergoing high-risk cardiac surgery have not...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/aeu290
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two techniques for endotracheal anaesthesia in dental outpatients have been compared: a spontaneous ventilation technique using nitrous oxide, oxygen and halothane, and a controlled ventilation technique using nitrous oxide and oxygen, with tubocurarine and fentanyl. The latter technique has several advantages: abolit...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/48.9.919
更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have tested the hypothesis that intradermal testing is a more effective method for determining the drug responsible for anaesthetic anaphylactic reactions than prick testing in 212 consecutive patients, aged more than 10 yr, referred to an anaesthetic allergy clinic over a 4-yr period. The study was a prospective, ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/79.1.59
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A genetic disorder of the calcium releasing ryanodine receptor has recently been postulated in malignant hyperthermia (MH) and ryanodine-induced contractures differ between subjects who are malignant hyperthermia susceptible (MHS) and non-susceptible (MHN). We tested 39 patients from 26 families for MH, using the proc...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/71.2.242
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) is a traditional index of the hypnotic potency of an inhalational anaesthetic. To investigate the anaesthetic as well as the unwanted effects of xenon (Xe) in a swine model, it is useful to know MAC(Xe). METHODS:The study was performed using ten swine (weight 27.8-35...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/aeh077
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:One-lung ventilation (OLV) increases mechanical stress in the lung and affects ventilation and perfusion (V, Q). There are no data on the effects of OLV on postoperative V/Q matching. Thus, this controlled study evaluates the influence of OLV on V/Q distribution in a pig model using a gamma camera technique ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/aen021
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Intraneural injection of local anaesthetic agents carries a risk of neurological complications. Early detection of intraneural needle-tip position is very important in the initial phase of injection. Ultrasound (US) characteristics for real-time detection of intraneural injections have been described, but on...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/aes208
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the elimination rate of nitrous oxide in 36 patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery. They were allocated randomly to one of six groups which differed in time of nitrous oxide exposure and mode of ventilation. In order to simulate recovery conditions, nitrous oxide administration was discontinued after 30, 6...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/71.2.189
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic pain is no longer an effective warning system, but a syndrome with co-morbidities and many causes, needing a careful evaluation. Questions remain about the pain behaviour of chronic pain patients compared with patients with acute pain, or healthy subjects that we investigated. METHODS:We compared th...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bja.2018.04.042
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe three histaminoid reactions occurring on induction of anaesthesia. The patients were all resuscitated successfully and subsequent skin testing suggested sensitivity to rocuronium. In this hospital, the incidence of such reactions is of the order of 1 in 3000. This may be coincidental but suggests that ther...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.bja.a013365
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Low bispectral index values frequently reflect EEG suppression and have been associated with postoperative mortality. This study investigated whether intraoperative EEG suppression was an independent predictor of 90 day postoperative mortality and explored risk factors for EEG suppression. METHODS:This obse...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/aeu105
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytokine synthesis and release is an essential component of the innate immune system, but inappropriate, excessive production results in a generalized systemic inflammatory response which damages distant organs. Recent research has identified an immunomodulatory function of the vagus nerve whereby activation of the ef...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/bja/aep037
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Microalbuminuria, often referred to as the urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR), is thought to be a reflection of increased capillary permeability associated with the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and has been found to be predictive of outcome in several studies. Therefore, we explored the usefu...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/ael211
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Early clot amplitudes measured on thromboelastometry (ROTEM®) predict maximum clot firmness (MCF) in adults. In this multicentre, retrospective study, we aimed to confirm the suspected relationship between early ROTEM® variables and MCF, in children undergoing cardiac or non-cardiac surgery. METHODS:4762 RO...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/bja/aev369
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The extent of air contamination by halothane in an operating session was correlated with the number of patients, the total usage of halothane, refilling a vaporizer and the number of hyperventilating patients per session. Trichloroethylene content of theatre air correlated only with total usage and refilling a vaporiz...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/51.9.845
更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Walton-Brodie strain gauge arch is an instrument that quantitatively measures CF. Like many methods, the strain gauge arch is affected by loading conditions and heart rate. Nevertheless, this methodology, when properly used, has proved very useful in describing the direct action of anaesthetic drugs. Knowledge fro...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/bja/60.suppl_1.78s
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a double-blind, randomized study, we have compared the efficacy of transdermal hyoscine in the prevention of nausea and vomiting with placebo in 60 young, ASA I-II patients after middle ear surgery during general anaesthesia. In the placebo group, 27% and 43% of patients suffered from nausea and vomiting, respectiv...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/73.6.763
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Profound postoperative respiratory depression after larger doses of fentanyl was partially reversed by 4-aminopyridine. This reversal was independent of FIO2' suggesting that the response was not dependent upon peripheral chemoreceptor-mediated drive. Similar reversal of fentanyl-induced depression by 4-aminopyridine ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/53.4.373
更新日期：1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The 15-item Quality of Recovery (QoR-15) scale is a validated patient-reported outcome questionnaire that measures the quality of postoperative recovery. This study aimed to validate a translated Korean version of QoR-15 (QoR-15K) in a broad range of surgical patients. METHODS:After Korean translation of th...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.040
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fast inactivation of sodium channel function is modified by anaesthetics. Its quantitative contribution to the overall anaesthetic effect is assessed by removing the fast inactivation mechanism enzymatically. Sodium channels from human brain cortex were incorporated into planar lipid bilayers. After incorporation, cha...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/82.1.74
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In regional anaesthesia, there is a risk of direct nerve injury. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the diameter of the applied needle is associated with the magnitude of nerve injury after needle nerve perforation. METHODS:In five anaesthetized pigs, the brachial plexus were exposed bilater...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/aep366
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of doxacurium chloride, a new long-acting non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug, on cardiac performance were studied in 45 patients undergoing high-dose fentanyl-diazepam-oxygen anaesthesia for cardiac surgery. Data were collected at baseline (10 min after tracheal intubation), and at 2, 5 and 10 mi...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/63.6.675
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Target-controlled infusion (TCI) systems use pharmacokinetic (PK) models to predict the drug infusion rates necessary to achieve a desired target plasma or effect-site concentration. As new PK models are developed and implemented in TCI systems, there can be uncertainty as to which target concentrations are ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bja.2020.05.051
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In inflammation, leucocytes containing opioid peptides migrate into the tissue. Opioid peptides can be released and bind to opioid receptors on peripheral nerve terminals, which counteracts inflammatory pain. Migration of opioid peptide-containing leucocytes is controlled by chemokines and adhesion molecules. Neurokin...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/bja/aen078
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have examined the effects of sedation with midazolam 0.1 mg kg-1 and reversal with flumazenil 0.5 mg on beat-to-beat heart rate (HR) variability (HRV), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), finger photoplethysmograph amplitude (PLA) and impedence pneumography in eight volunteers. With the onset of sedation there was a ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/76.4.503
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The identification of a serum marker to assist in the diagnosis of cerebral injury after cardiac surgery is potentially useful. S100 protein is an early marker of cerebral damage. It is released after cardiac surgery performed under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Its level is correlated with the duration of CPB, deep c...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/bja/85.2.287
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fifteen patients (10 men and five women; mean age 67.3 yr) with a history of a recent (less than 1 yr) myocardial infarction underwent ambulatory ECG monitoring for 5 days after non-cardiac surgery. The duration, number and severity of ischaemic episodes were maximal within the first 12 h after surgery and again on th...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/67.3.317
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It was hypothesized that xenon would stabilize mean arterial pressure (MAP) in haemorrhagic shock, recovery, and volume resuscitation, because a higher MAP has been observed with xenon, when compared with isoflurane anaesthesia. The responses to haemorrhage and subsequent volume replacement were therefore co...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/aei127
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
