Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (from solar and nonsolar sources) is a risk factor for skin cancer. OBJECTIVE:We sought to summarize recent estimates on sunburns, sun-protection behaviors, and indoor tanning available from national and selected statewide behavioral surveys. METHODS:Estimates of the prevalence of sunburn, sun-protection behaviors, and indoor tanning by US adults, adolescents, and children collected in national surveys in 1992, 2004 to 2005, and 2007 to 2009 were identified and extracted from searches of computerized databases (ie, MEDLINE and PsychINFO), reference lists, and survey World Wide Web sites. Sunburn estimates from 3 state Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance Systems were also analyzed. RESULTS:Latest published estimates (2005) showed that 34.4% of US adults were sunburned in the past year. Incidence of sunburns was highest among men, non-Hispanic whites, young adults, and high-income groups in national surveys. About 3 in 10 adults routinely practiced sun-protection behaviors, and women and older adults took the most precautions. Among adolescents, 69% were sunburned in the previous summer and less than 40% practiced sun protection. Approximately 60% of parents applied sunscreen and a quarter used shade to protect children. Indoor tanning was prevalent among younger adults and females. LIMITATIONS:Limitations include potential recall errors and social desirability in self-report measures, and lack of current data on children. CONCLUSION:Many Americans experienced sunburns and a minority engaged in protective behaviors. Females and older adults were most vigilant about sun protection. Substantial proportions of young women and adolescents recently used indoor tanning. Future efforts should promote protective hats, clothing, and shade; motivate males and younger populations to take precautions; and convince women and adolescents to reduce indoor tanning.
journal_name
J Am Acad Dermatoljournal_title
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatologyauthors
Buller DB,Cokkinides V,Hall HI,Hartman AM,Saraiya M,Miller E,Paddock L,Glanz Kdoi
10.1016/j.jaad.2011.05.033subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-11-01 00:00:00pages
S114-23issue
5 Suppl 1eissn
0190-9622issn
1097-6787pii
S0190-9622(11)00608-6journal_volume
65pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:The use of immunotherapies in the treatment of metastatic cancers has significantly advanced oncology. However, due to safety concerns, solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) are routinely excluded from immunotherapy trials; thus, there is limited data for these agents in this population. METHODS:A syste...
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