Xanthine oxidase and uric acid in cardiovascular disease: clinical impact and therapeutic options.

abstract：:Hypertension is growing in prevalence and most of this growth represents isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly. Attempts at prevention are critical but likely are ineffectual. Therefore, the delivery and acceptance of current medical regimens must be improved. ...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Kaplan NM

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the most important and lethal effects of animal venoms is nephrotoxicity. In Latin America, severe acute kidney injury has been reported after accidents with poisonous arthropods such as bees, caterpillars of the genus Lonomia, and spiders of the genus Loxosceles. In this article the characteristics of these ve...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Abdulkader RC,Barbaro KC,Barros EJ,Burdmann EA

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From the beginning of the first described hemodialysis in 1889, history has shown an exponential evolvement of systems that have resulted in greater safety, efficiency, and broader utilization. It took 60 years, 1947, for the technology to be used in a clinical setting in North America, treating acute renal failure. C...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Van Stone JC

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are several published series of pregnancy in patients with nonimmunoglobulin A mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (most of whom have thin basement membrane nephropathy [TBMN]). The aim of the present study was to review the maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancy in women with TBMN. The medical and obst...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Packham D

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acid-base balance is critical for normal life. Acute and chronic disturbances impact cellular energy metabolism, endocrine signaling, ion channel activity, neuronal activity, and cardiovascular functions such as cardiac contractility and vascular blood flow. Maintenance and adaptation of acid-base homeostasis are most...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Wagner CA,Imenez Silva PH,Bourgeois S

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Substantial progress has been made in the application of computer-driven methods to provide erythropoietic dosing information for patients with anemia resulting from chronic kidney disease. Initial solutions were simply computerized versions of traditional paper-based anemia management protocols. True personalization ...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Brier ME,Gaweda AE,Aronoff GR

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell-based therapy, designed to promote angiogenesis and improve organ function, has been under investigation for the treatment of ischemic heart disease for more than 10 years. Although believed to work primarily by repairing the microvasculature, this form of therapy has not been examined in the setting of chronic k...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Gilbert RE,Zhang Y,Yuen DA

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The apical membrane epithelial Na(+) channel subunit (ENaC) in series with the basolateral Na(+)/K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase mediates collecting duct Na(+) reabsorption. Aldosterone induces αENaC gene transcription, which appears to be rate limiting for ENaC activity in this segment. Although this response has long ...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Kone BC

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sonography has become integral to the evaluation and management of patients with renal disease. Although many of the procedures discussed in this issue are not feasible for all nephrologists, sonography clearly is. It is convenient and saves time, both for the physician and the patient, and the equipment is not expens...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： O'Neill WC

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) has revolutionized the treatment of anemia of chronic renal failure. RHuEPO has been shown to increase survival, decrease hospitalizations, improve brain and cognitive function, and improve quality of life for renal patients. Much has been learned about the normal and patholog...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Tong EM,Nissenson AR

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrophages have long been regarded as classic mediators of innate immunity because of their production of proinflammatory cytokines and their ability to induce apoptotic cell death. As a result of such activities and the detrimental long-term effect of kidney inflammation, macrophages principally have been regarded a...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Williams TM,Little MH,Ricardo SD

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In chronic kidney disease (CKD), the progressive decrease in renal function leads to disturbances of mineral metabolism that generally cause secondary hyperparathyroidism. The increase in serum parathyroid hormone is associated with reduced serum calcium and calcitriol levels and/or increased serum fibroblast growth f...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Hénaut L,Chillon JM,Kamel S,Massy ZA

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperhomocysteinemia, highly prevalent in well-nourished patients with chronic renal failure and in uremia, causes toxic effects that can be envisioned in terms of cardiovascular risk increase. However, its effects on cellular metabolism and on gene expression, not to mention receptor regulation, only recently are bei...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Perna AF,Capasso R,Acanfora F,Satta E,Lombardi C,Ingrosso D,Violetti E,Romano MM,De Santo NG

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This prospective multicenter study included 1,205 patients, who were referred for difficult-to-treat hypertension or analysis of possible secondary hypertension. After a standardized selection protocol based on sharply defined drug-resistant hypertension or renal function impairment during angiotensin-converting enzym...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： van Jaarsveld BC,Krijnen P

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autophagy is a ubiquitous intracellular catabolic process that contributes to homeostatic maintenance and regulates the balance between health and disease. Emerging evidence from both the immunology and renal literature suggests that important relationships exist between the immune system and renal autophagy that may ...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Leventhal JS,He JC,Ross MJ

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathogenesis of many common etiologies of nephropathy has been informed by recent molecular genetic breakthroughs. It now is apparent that the ethnic disparity in the risk for nondiabetic chronic kidney disease between African Americans and European Americans is explained largely by variation in the apolipoprotein...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Freedman BI,Locke JE,Reeves-Daniel AM,Julian BA

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A major challenge facing the nephrology community in the United States is the training of adequate numbers of nephrologists to meet patient care and research needs. There is particular cause for concern because of the increasing incidence and prevalence of patients with chronic kidney disease. Data on the clinical and...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Kohan DE,Rosenberg ME

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of conditions can contribute to the development of the anemia that inevitably occurs with end-stage renal disease. The primary ones are decreased production of erythropoietin (EPO), decreased response to EPO by the bone marrow, and shortened red cell survival. Dialysis improves hematocrit levels by reducing p...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Korbet SM

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cigarette smoking (CS) has been associated with augmented progression of nephropathies responsible for the 4 major causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the United States. CS has well-described ways by which it causes tissue injury in other organ systems and the mechanisms by which it adversely affects nephropat...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Wesson DE

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The vacuolar H(+)-ATPase is a multisubunit protein consisting of a peripheral catalytic domain (V(1)) that binds and hydrolyzes adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and provides energy to pump H(+) through the transmembrane domain (V(0)) against a large gradient. This proton-translocating vacuolar H(+)-ATPase is present in bo...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Valles P,Lapointe MS,Wysocki J,Batlle D

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Initially described in 1984, human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) has now become a common disease within the HIV-seropositive population. It is a focal segmental glomerulosclerosis causing rapid deterioration of renal function. It is the most common cause of chronic renal disease in HIV patients...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Herman ES,Klotman PE

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The epidemiology of infection-related glomerulonephritis is undergoing striking changes, particularly in developed countries. The incidence of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSAGN) is decreasing because of the successful treatment of streptococcal infections. In contrast, because of the emergence of antib...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Nadasdy T,Hebert LA

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute renal failure (ARF) is an important clinical syndrome. Despite the frequent occurrence of ARF, nephrologists have not made major therapeutic inroads in the treatment or prevention of ARF. This article will speculate as to why it has been so difficult to gain a substantial foothold in the ongoing battle against A...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Paller MS

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diabetes mellitus (DM) is becoming more common in the United States affecting an estimated 18.2 million Americans. Not only is the number of American's with DM staggering, but so are the medical and economic costs of DM. DM accounts for nearly 15% of all health care costs in the United States. The chronic hyperglycemi...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Daneshgari F,Moore C

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with renal failure. Patients with chronic kidney disease have significant CVD, and carry a high cardiovascular burden by the time they commence renal replacement therapy (RRT). The severity of CVD that has been observed in dialysis ...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Jaradat MI,Molitoris BA

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous pathological processes are involved in the renal tubulointerstitial fibrogenic reaction that occurs after ureteral ligation. Central to these maladaptive events is a florid interstitial monocytic infiltration of the tubulointerstitium, which is preceded by a proximal tubular up-regulation of macrophage chemoa...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Diamond JR,Ricardo SD,Klahr S

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A complex pathophysiology, cardio-renal syndrome (CRS), has been redefined in recent years. One subtype is acute renocardiac CRS, or CRS type 3. This syndrome is intended to comprise situations in which acute kidney injury (AKI) results in acute cardiac injury or dysfunction. The pathophysiology of CRS type 3 is not w...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Chuasuwan A,Kellum JA

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A review is presented of 164 nephrotic patients who were older than 60 years at the onset of their nephrotic syndrome, together with a review of more than 1,000 patients from the literature. The nephrotic syndrome in elderly patients is as common as in younger adults, but is often misdiagnosed as "heart failure" by pr...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Cameron JS

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent new insights into the determinants of the plasma water sodium concentration ([Na(+)](pw)) have played an important role in advancing our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of the dysnatremias. Central to these recent advances is the recognition of the full significance of the Edelman equation disco...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Nguyen MK

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complement system consists of 3 pathways and more than 30 proteins, including those with biological activity that directly or indirectly mediate the effects of this system, plus a set of regulatory proteins necessary to prevent injudicious complement activation on host tissue. The role for complement in the pathog...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Bao L,Quigg RJ

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00