Abstract:
:Estrogen deficiency at menopause is associated with increased risk of bone loss and osteoporosis. Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are increasingly being used for the treatment of postmenopausal hormone-sensitive breast cancer because of better disease-free survival compared with tamoxifen seen in clinical trials with AIs. This article reviews the effect of endocrine therapies of breast cancer on bone and the management of bone disease with these endocrine therapies. The effect of these therapies on bone mineral density and bone turnover along with possible interventions is discussed. AIs are also associated with skeletal-related events, which are not discussed.
journal_name
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Amjournal_title
Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North Americaauthors
Mirza FSdoi
10.1016/j.ecl.2011.05.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-09-01 00:00:00pages
549-62, viiiissue
3eissn
0889-8529issn
1558-4410pii
S0889-8529(11)00057-0journal_volume
40pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Two biproducts of the revolution in diagnostic imaging techniques are unintended discoveries, and uncertainty for the patient and the clinician. To address the uncertainty associated with adrenal incidentalomas, clinicians need to understand the definition, differential diagnosis, and options for assessment with respe...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
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doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70122-5
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abstract::The close genotype-phenotype relationship that characterizes thyroid oncology stimulated the authors to address this article by using a mixed, genetic and phenotypic approach. As such, this article addresses the following aspects of intragenic mutations in thyroid cancer: thyroid stimulating hormone receptor and guani...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::Glucocorticoids mainly act through binding to cytosolic receptors that translocate to the nucleus after ligand binding, and dimerize to affect gene transcription in multiple fashions. The liganded receptors may interact with DNA at specific glucocorticoid responsive-elements, may physically hinder the ability of other...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2008.06.006
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(02)00054-3
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(02)00018-x
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2007.10.005
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Duplex/color Doppler sonography (US) is the imaging modality of choice for the evaluation of patients with primary amenorrhea. Careful correlation with clinical history, physical examination and laboratory findings significantly narrows the diagnostic possibilities thus allowing for a more precise diagnosis. This arti...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2009.09.002
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)), the hormonally active form of vitamin D, exerts growth inhibitory and prodifferentiating effects on many malignant cells and retards tumor growth in animal models. Calcitriol is being evaluated as an anticancer agent in several human cancers. The mechanisms underlying the antic...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2010.02.011
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2012.05.004
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::More than 80% of women experience psychologic or physical symptoms in the late reproductive years, with varying degrees of severity and disruption in their lives. Patients and clinicians have misconceptions about what changes are considered "normal" or"abnormal" during this period. Of importance to clinicians, large-s...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2004.07.003
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency can be diagnosed with measurements of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD). Most vitamin D is derived from sunlight (80%), so serum 25OHD levels are lowest in late winter and early spring. Dietary vitamin D in North America is small, about 100 to 200 IU daily. A recent review of the...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2017.07.003
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2005.04.003
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70312-1
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2018.02.003
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Approximately 70% of patients who form metabolic stones have the idiopathic calcium oxalate urolithiasis syndrome, which is diagnosed by exclusion of other identifiable metabolic abnormalities. This article reviews the classification, risk factors, and treatment options for those patients with this syndrome. ...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dexamethasone suppression test has undergone unprecedented study among the biologic tests proposed for clinical use in psychiatry. Since the 1970s, its study has involved hundreds of reports and thousands of patients. Although important technical aspects of the test appear to be well accepted and validated, additi...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2015.05.002
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gene causing MEN 1 has been localized to chromosome 11, band 11q13, by tumor deletion mapping studies and by family linkage studies. Molecular genetic markers flanking the MEN 1 gene have been defined, and they are of use in identifying disease gene carriers in a family. These individuals, who are at a high risk o...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Women who cannot or choose not to take estrogens do have alternatives; however, the options are few and unproven in longterm clinical trials with respect to safety and efficacy. Many available alternative treatments may alleviate the symptoms of the menopause, but do not convey long-term protection against osteoporosi...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70253-x
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last few years, there have been remarkable advances in the development of new and more sophisticated genetic techniques. These have allowed a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of genetically determined pediatric endocrine disorders and are paving the way for a radical change in diagnosis and trea...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2009.06.001
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypergonadotropic forms of amenorrhea in young women are many and varied, and the disorder is not nearly as uncommon as previously believed. It is likely that all physicians seeing women with amenorrhea will encounter this disorder. Careful evaluation is warranted to eliminate any associated autoimmune disorders. Beca...
journal_title:Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00