Epigenetic turn ons and turn offs: chromatin reorganization and brain differentiation.

abstract：:Brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis is activated by the sympathetic nervous system. BAT responses to norepinephrine are blunted in hypothyroidism and are rapidly restored by thyroid hormone. We examined in rats the effects of thyroid hormone on BAT beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors (AR) expression and capac...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Rubio A,Raasmaja A,Maia AL,Kim KR,Silva JE

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anorexia is a debilitating manifestation of many malignancies. The etiology of cancer anorexia is poorly understood, and effective treatment options are limited. To investigate the role of central melanocortin receptor signaling in the pathogenesis of cancer anorexia, we assessed the effects on food intake of the mela...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Wisse BE,Frayo RS,Schwartz MW,Cummings DE

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate GH's role in diabetic end organ damage, experimental diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (STZ) in bovine GH (bGH) or bGH antagonist transgenic mice and in their nontransgenic (NTG) litter mates. Body growth, blood glucose, serum insulin-like growth factor-I levels, liver GH receptor (GHR) binding, ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Chen NY,Chen WY,Bellush L,Yang CW,Striker LJ,Striker GE,Kopchick JJ

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we demonstrate that disruption of neuroendocrine signaling is a major factor driving disease progression in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Although the initial episode of chronic relapsing ex...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Stefferl A,Storch MK,Linington C,Stadelmann C,Lassmann H,Pohl T,Holsboer F,Tilders FJ,Reul JM

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Actions of protein products resulting from alternative splicing of the Igf1 gene have received increasing attention in recent years. However, the significance and functional relevance of these observations remain poorly defined. To address functions of IGF-I splice variants, we examined the impact of loss of IGF-IEa a...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Matheny RW Jr,Nindl BC

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method to prepare suspension cultures of highly viable pinealocytes is described. Pineal glands of neonatal or adult rats can be used; the best yield is obtained from neonatal glands. Morphological examination of the cells indicates that they have a normal, healthy appearance and retain some structures typical of ne...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Buda M,Klein DC

更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An increased activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis resulting in exaggerated glucocorticoid secretion has been repeatedly described in patients with diabetes mellitus and in animal models of this disease. However, it has been pointed out that experimental diabetes is accompanied by a decreased glucocortico...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Repetto EM,Sanchez R,Cipelli J,Astort F,Calejman CM,Piroli GG,Arias P,Cymeryng CB

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In dairy goats, treatments associating a progestogen and the equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) are the easiest way to induce and synchronize estrus and ovulation and to permit artificial insemination (AI) and/or out of season breeding. From the first treatment, the injection of eCG induces, in some females, the prod...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Hervé V,Roy F,Bertin J,Guillou F,Maurel MC

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A1/A2 noradrenergic neurons in the medulla oblongata are well known to mediate stress signals in the central nervous system. Stress activates A1/A2 noradrenergic neurons, and then noradrenaline (NA) stimulates ACTH secretion through hypothalamic CRH. On the other hand, PRL-releasing peptide (PrRP) was recently isolate...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Maruyama M,Matsumoto H,Fujiwara K,Noguchi J,Kitada C,Fujino M,Inoue K

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the basis for the marked daily variability in circulating luteinizing hormone (LH) in the female lamb shortly after birth and to determine whether circulating follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) exhibits similar variability during this period of life, serum levels of both gonadotropins were monitored frequ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Foster DL,Jaffe RB,Niswender GD

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse fibroblast cell lines which secrete bovine (b) GH have been generated. This was accomplished by cotransforming mouse L cells (thymidine kinase-negative [TK-] and adenine phosphoribosyl transferase-negative [APRT-]) with DNA molecules encoding the Rous sarcoma virus-long-terminal repeat and bGH genes along with t...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Leung FC,Jones B,Steelman SL,Rosenblum CI,Kopchick JJ

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The homozygous ablation of the gene encoding the PTH/PTHrP receptor (PPR(-/-)) leads to early lethality and limited developmental defects, including an acceleration of chondrocyte differentiation. In contrast to the findings in homozygous PTHrP-ablated (PTHrP(-/-)) animals, these PPR(-/-) mice show an increase in cort...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Soegiarto DW,Kiachopoulos S,Schipani E,Jüppner H,Erben RG,Lanske B

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The primate brain was thought to contain only the GnRH known as mammalian GnRH (mGnRH). This study investigates whether a second form of GnRH exists within the primate brain. We found that brain extracts from adult stumptail and rhesus monkeys contained two forms of GnRH that were similar to mGnRH and chicken GnRH-II ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Lescheid DW,Terasawa E,Abler LA,Urbanski HF,Warby CM,Millar RP,Sherwood NM

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prolactin (PRL) shares several characteristics with growth factors and cytokines, many of which are known to bind to heparan sulfate proteoglycans. In this study we examined the heparin-binding properties of selected members of the PRL/GH family, using heparin affinity columns followed by gel electrophoresis/Western b...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Khurana S,Kuns R,Ben-Jonathan N

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11betaHSDs) catalyze interconversion of 11-hydroxy-glucocorticoids with inactive 11-keto metabolites. In blood vessel walls, loss of 11betaHSD1 is thought to reduce local glucocorticoid concentrations, reducing the progression of atheroma and enhancing angiogenesis. Conversely, on...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Dover AR,Hadoke PW,Macdonald LJ,Miller E,Newby DE,Walker BR

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenylate cyclase of rat renal cortex was inhibited by angiotensin II (AII). Inhibition required Na+ (100-200 mM) and GTP (10(-8)-10(-4) M) and was opposed by the receptor antagonist [1-sarcosine, 8-isoleucine]AII. The EC50 value (+/- SE)for inhibition by AII was 3.7 +/- 1.2 nM, and the maximum inhibition (+/- SE) was...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Woodcock EA,Johnston CI

更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Involvement of ionized cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i) and protein kinase-C (PKC) in GnRH-stimulated LH release was assessed by correlating measurable changes in [Ca2+]i and LH release in PKC-depleted and nondepleted gonadotropes. Primary cultures of anterior pituitary cells were loaded with the calcium-sensitive fluoresc...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Waters SB,Conn PM

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In songbirds, singing behavior is controlled by a discrete network of interconnected brain nuclei known collectively as the song control system. Both the development of this system and the expression of singing behavior in adulthood are strongly influenced by sex steroid hormones. Although both androgenic and estrogen...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Bernard DJ,Bentley GE,Balthazart J,Turek FW,Ball GF

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have examined the regulation of adipogenesis of a 3T3-F442A cell variant. The variant, designated 3T3-GH-independent clone 16 (GI-16), was isolated after serum-induced adipogenic commitment. 3T3-GI-16 fibroblasts displayed a lower serum requirement for adipogenesis than the 3T3-F442A parent cell. Insulin-stimulated...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Guller S,Sonenberg M,Corin RE

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aldosterone selectivity in mineralocorticoid target tissues has been suggested to be due to 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11-OHSD), which, by inactivating the endogenous glucocorticoids cortisol and corticosterone (CS), would allow aldosterone to bind to the mineralocorticoid receptor that has equal affinity f...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Náray-Fejes-Tóth A,Watlington CO,Fejes-Tóth G

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent evidence indicates that endogenous GnRH is required for maintenance of its own pituitary receptors (GnRH-R). We have measured GnRH-R in pituitaries of hypogonadotrophic hypogonadal (hpg) mice, in whom hypothalamic GnRH is deficient or absent. The GnRH-R concentration in hpg male mouse pituitaries was 10.6 +/- 1...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Young LS,Speight A,Charlton HM,Clayton RN

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The main objectives of the present study were to investigate the effects of 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) on Sertoli cell proliferation, germ cell number, and testis size in Nile tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus). In this regard, young fish (approximately 1 g BW and approximately 3.5 cm total in length) were treated fo...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Matta SL,Vilela DA,Godinho HP,França LR

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have investigated the activation of ERK2, a serine/threonine kinase necessary for transmission of mitogenic signals, in cells derived from mouse embryos homozygous for a null mutation of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1R gene (R- cells) and from wild-type littermates (W cells), respectively. Stimulation of qu...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Swantek JL,Baserga R

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies were performed to characterize the identity of the factors present in calf serum that stimulate endothelin (ET) production by vascular endothelial cells in culture. Two putative candidates responsible for the ET-releasing activity present in serum are members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) s...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Brown MR,Vaughan J,Jimenez LL,Vale W,Baird A

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunohistochemical localization of androgen in the testes of both rat and squirrel monkey has been performed using an antiserum specific to testosterone and certain related androgens. The bound antibodies were visualized by coupling with antigammaglobulin labeled either with fluorescein isothiocyanate or with a horse...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Bubenik GA,Brown GM,Grota LJ

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A transient increase in serum progesterone concentrations (to 1 ng/ml for 1-2 days) is observed in the majority of ewes before the first estrous cycle of the breeding season. To determine whether such a brief antecedent rise in progesterone ensures initiation of a full-length cycle by the next LH surge, synthetic GnRH...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Legan SJ,I'Anson H,Fitzgerald BP,Akaydin MS Jr

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brief exposure of male rats to estrogens during the neonatal period interrupts normal prostate development, alters epithelial cell differentiation, and predisposes this gland to hyperplasia and severe dysplasia analogous to prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) with aging. Previous work demonstrated that the reduc...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Woodham C,Birch L,Prins GS

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The levels of two steroid-binding proteins, progesterone-binding globulin (PBG) (1) and corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG), present in the plasma of pregnant guinea pigs were determined just before and after parturition. Both PBG (3.37 +/- 2.1 microM) and CBG (10.1 +/- 1.7 microM) were present in high levels just b...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Raymoure WJ,Kuhn RW

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fetal adrenal steroid hydroxylase activity and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression increases concurrent with the preterm rise in fetal plasma cortisol during late gestation in sheep. By placing bilateral lesions of the fetal paraventricular nuclei (PVN) we have previously demonstrated that the fetal PVN is necessary for t...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Myers DA,McDonald TJ,Nathanielsz PW

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin stimulation of glucose transport involves the translocation of vesicles containing the glucose transporter Glut 4 to the plasma membrane. Since low mol wt GTP-binding proteins (LMW-GTP-binding proteins) have been implicated in the regulation of vesicular trafficking, we have analyzed these proteins in adipocyt...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Cormont M,Tanti JF,Grémeaux T,Van Obberghen E,Le Marchand-Brustel Y

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00