Abstract:
:Since many drugs are metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP450), biotransformation studies using these enzymes are valuable in drug development. In this work, the biotransformation by CYP1A1 and CYP2B1 of two acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, 4-(4'-hydroxy-phenylamino)-4-oxo propanoic acid (A) and 1H-pyrrolidine-1-(4'-hydroxy-phenyl)-2,5-dione (B), was investigated through docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and by experimental methods using rat liver microsomes pretreated with β-naphthoflavone and phenobarbital (CYP1A1 and CYP2B1 inducers, respectively). The target proteins were initially built by homology modeling, and the resulting three-dimensional structures were refined by MD to obtain fifteen snapshots of each P450 isoform. These snapshots were used to dock compounds A and B as well as the reference compound acetaminophen (APAP). We confirmed that APAP produces a toxic intermediate (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine) upon interaction of its amide group with the heme iron of CYP1A1. However, neither A nor B presented this kind of interaction within any snapshot with CYP1A1. On the other hand, when APAP, A and B were docked on CYP2B1, their hydroxyl group was located near the heme iron on the snapshot at 3.5 ns. Furthermore, B maintained the same position on all snapshots of this isoform. Therefore, theoretical results suggests that A and B do not generate toxic metabolites. These data were supported by HPLC analysis showing only one metabolite from A and B, which was identified by GC-MS as the hydroxylated product. Altogether, our results suggest that neither test compound is toxic.
journal_name
Eur J Med Chemjournal_title
European journal of medicinal chemistryauthors
Rosales-Hernández MC,Mendieta-Wejebe JE,Trujillo-Ferrara JG,Correa-Basurto Jdoi
10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.07.055subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-11-01 00:00:00pages
4845-55issue
11eissn
0223-5234issn
1768-3254pii
S0223-5234(10)00551-9journal_volume
45pub_type
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