Abstract:
:The relative safety and efficacy of direct versus indirect methods of spinal cord stimulation for the production of descending motor-evoked responses was studied in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats (n = 39). Electrical stimuli were delivered for 1 h, either directly to the cord dorsum using silver ball electrodes or indirectly through jeweler's screws implanted in the intact laminae. Compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) were recorded differentially in the quadriceps and evaluated for their morphology and reproducibility. The traumatic effects of stimulation were assessed using intraoperative somatosensory-evoked potentials, blinded neurological examinations for 2 weeks postoperatively, and histopathological and neurochemical analyses in postmortem spinal tissues. In separate experiments, the neural substrates of the muscle-evoked response to indirect cord stimulation were examined. Direct, epidural stimulation of the spinal cord at intensities sufficient to elicit reproducible CMAPs consistently resulted in mild behavioral deficits (13 of 18 animals) that were accompanied by postmortem changes in spinal histology and chemistry. Some of these behavioral deficits (5 of 13 animals) were resolved at 2 weeks. There was rarely an early sign of motor or sensory conduction derangement in these animals. In 2 animals with severe behavioral dysfunction, the somatosensory-evoked response was abolished immediately after spinal stimulation. However, CMAP responses were unaltered. Examination of the strength-duration relationship for the production of threshold responses to translaminar constant current stimulation, as well as experiments using selective transection of the dorsal columns, revealed the CMAP responses to be neurally mediated and conducted through the cord independent of the ascending sensory tracts that mediate the rat's somatosensory-evoked response. Data are discussed in terms of the potential experimental usefulness of CAMPs elicited by indirect dorsal spinal stimulation.
journal_name
J Neurotraumajournal_title
Journal of neurotraumaauthors
Sabato S,Agresta CA,Freeman GM,Salzman SKdoi
10.1089/neu.1991.8.27subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-04-01 00:00:00pages
27-44issue
1eissn
0897-7151issn
1557-9042journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Although experience suggests a shift in the epidemiology of spinal cord injury (SCI) toward an older demographic, population studies are lacking. We aimed to evaluate (1) how the epidemiology and age profile of SCI have changed over time, and (2) how increased age impacts health outcomes up to 15 years post-injury. A ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2020.6985
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A penetrating traumatic brain injury (pTBI) occurs when an object impacts the head with sufficient force to penetrate the skin, skull, and meninges, and inflict injury directly to the brain parenchyma. This type of injury has been notoriously difficult to model in small laboratory animals such as rats or mice. To this...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2011.2182
更新日期:2012-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Efforts to understand spinal cord injury (SCI) and other complex neurotrauma disorders at the pre-clinical level have shown progress in recent years. However, successful translation of basic research into clinical practice has been slow, partly because of the large, heterogeneous data sets involved. In this sense, tra...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2014.3399
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with loss of autoregulation due to impaired responsiveness to cerebrovascular dilator stimuli, which leads to cerebral hypoperfusion and neuronal impairment or death. Upregulation of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) post-TBI exacerbates loss of cerebral autoregulation and N...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2012.2328
更新日期:2012-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::This paper encompasses the prediction of early and late recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI). Predictors of the duration of coma and the utilization of posttraumatic amnesia duration to predict residual memory function are discussed. The issues surrounding prediction of long-term neurobehavioral recovery from TB...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/neu.1995.12.913
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ocular blast injury is a major medical concern for soldiers and explosion victims due to poor visual outcomes. To define the changes in gene expression following a blast injury to the eye, we examined retinal ribonucleic acid (RNA) expression in 54 mouse strains 5 days after a single 50-psi overpressure air wave blast...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5104
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute changes in cerebral perfusion and metabolism after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) have been shown to contribute significantly to acute brain injury. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of moderate hypothermia on the acute changes after massive experimental SAH as evaluated by diffusion-weighted i...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2007.0443
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mood disturbances, including depression and anxiety disorders, are common and disabling long-term sequelae of traumatic brain injury (TBI). These psychiatric conditions have generally been considered psychosocial consequences of the trauma, but neurobiological alterations and causes have also been implicated. Using a ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2008.0641
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is frequently complicated by acute lung injury, which is predictive for poor outcome. However, it is unclear whether lung injury develops independently or as a result of mechanical ventilation after TBI. Further, TBI is strongly associated with the development of pneumonia, suggesting a sp...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2013.3060
更新日期:2013-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Dementia pugilistica (DP) is associated with chronic traumatic brain injury (CTBI), and leads to a "punch drunk" syndrome characterized by impairments in memory and executive function, behavioral changes, and motor signs. Microscopic features include the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), beta-amyloid (Aβ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2011.1957
更新日期:2012-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::ICP monitoring per se has never been subjected to a prospective randomized clinical trial (PRCT) to establish its efficacy (or lack thereof) in improving outcome from severe head injury. Hence, there are insufficient data to support its use as a standard. However, there is a large body of published clinical experience...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 指南,杂志文章,实务指引,评审
doi:10.1089/neu.2000.17.479
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::For patients surviving serious traumatic brain injury (TBI), families and other stakeholders often desire information on long-term functional prognosis, but accurate and easy-to-use clinical tools are lacking. We aimed to build utilitarian decision trees from commonly collected clinical variables to predict Glasgow Ou...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5359
更新日期:2018-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::The physiological characteristics of spinal cord responses recorded from the spinal epidural space of the cat to transcranial brain stimulation were studied, in comparison with the spinal cord responses to direct stimulation of the motor cortex or cerebellum. The conduction velocity of the initial wave of the response...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1990.7.247
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the time course and the correlation of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) serum levels to the severity of traumatic brain injury in rats. Sixty-five male Wistar rats were subjected to severe cortical impact injury (100 PSI, 2 mm deformation). Blood samples were drawn directly after ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/089771501300227378
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growing evidence suggests that temporally proximal acute concussions and repetitive subconcussive head injuries may lead to long-term neurological deficits. However, the underlying mechanisms of injury and their relative time-scales are not well documented in human injury models. The current study therefore investigat...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2014.3833
更新日期:2015-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Human head trauma is frequently associated with respiratory problems resulting in secondary hypoxic insult. To document the behavioral consequences of secondary hypoxia in an established model of traumatic brain injury (TBI), intubated anesthetized animals were subjected to fluid percussion (FP) injury (1.87-2.17 atm)...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1999.16.1035
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A better understanding of long-term functional recovery process for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) facilitates effective rehabilitations. The aim of this study was to classify and characterize patients with moderate-to-severe TBI based on their functional trajectories up to 5 years post-injury. The study i...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5299
更新日期:2018-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::The EPO-TBI multi-national randomized controlled trial found that erythropoietin (EPO), when compared to placebo, did not affect 6-month neurological outcome, but reduced illness severity-adjusted mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), making the cost-effectiveness of EPO in TBI uncertain. The curren...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/neu.2018.6229
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microarray-based transcriptional profiling was used to determine the effect of progesterone in the cortical contusion (CCI) model. Gene ontology (GO) analysis then evaluated the effect of dose on relevant biological pathways. Treatment (vehicle, progesterone 10 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg given i.p.) was started 4 h post-injury...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2011.1911
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acupressure is a complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatment using fingertips to stimulate acupoints on the skin. Although suggested to improve cognitive function, acupressure has not been previously investigated with a controlled design in traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors, who could particularly bene...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/neu.2010.1515
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noise exposure is known to induce cell death signaling in the cochlea. Since c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling is known to induce both cell survival and apoptosis, the present study focused on early changes (within 24 h) after impulse noise exposure, inquiring whether cell death is always related to phosphorylat...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2007.0346
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) alters function and behavior, which can be characterized by changes in electrophysiological function in vitro. A common cognitive deficit after mild-to-moderate TBI is disruption of persistent working memory, of which the in vitro correlate is long-lasting, neuronal network synchronization...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2014.3667
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assessment of acute mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) symptoms after a combat blast could aid diagnosis and guide follow-up care. Our objective was to document acute mTBI symptoms following a combat blast and to examine associations between acute symptoms and mental health and service discharge outcomes. A retrospect...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2012.2537
更新日期:2013-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in humans and in animals leads to an acute and sustained increase in tissue glutamate concentrations within the brain, triggering glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. Excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) are responsible for maintaining extracellular central nervous system glutamate con...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2015.4079
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal cord injury (SCI) frequently results in chronic neuropathic pain (CNP). However, the understanding of brain neural circuits in CNP modulation is unclear. The present study examined the changes of ventral tegmental area (VTA) putative GABAergic and dopaminergic neuronal activity with CNP attenuation in rats. SCI...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5381
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a structured outcome interview, this study addressed the validity and sensitivity to change of the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) and the Extended GOS (GOSE) in a prospective study of patients who sustained mild (n = 30) to moderate (n = 13) traumatic brain injury (TBI) or general trauma (n = 44). The patients were...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1089/089771501750291819
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study characterized the effects of fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) on angiotensin II (AII)-induced cerebral vasodilation, determined the role of prostaglandins in such changes and evaluated the contribution of two subtypes of AII receptors (AT(1) and AT(2)) to the effects of AII on cerebrovascular regulation....
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/089771502320914688
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To test if observed vs. expected mortality differs by age among traumatic brain injury (TBI) cases, a population-based, historical cohort study was conducted in Olmsted County, Minnesota. From all residents with any diagnosis suggestive of TBI 1985-1999, we randomly sampled 7,800 and reviewed their medical records to ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2006.0119
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI), occurring in 10-25% of patients with moderate to severe injuries. The development of animal models for testing antiepileptogenic therapies and validation of biomarkers to follow epileptogenesis in humans necessitates sophisticated understa...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2013.3221
更新日期:2014-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Our aim for this study was to quantitatively develop an early epidural hematoma (EDH) natural evolutionary curve and assess association of the most common radiological signs of initially nonsurgical supratentorial EDHs on early computed tomography (CT), in addition to their CT time for EDH enlargement. We retrospectiv...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1089/neu.2013.3297
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00