Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between serum total cholesterol and all-cause mortality in elderly individuals aged > or = 75 years. Design. A prospective cohort study with a six-year follow-up. SETTING AND SUBJECTS:A random sample (n = 700) of all persons aged > or = 75 years living in Kuopio, Finland. After exclusion of participants living in institutional care and participants using lipid-modifying agents or missing data on blood pressure and cholesterol levels, the final study population consisted of 490 home-dwelling elderly persons with clinical examination. We used the Cox proportional hazard model and the propensity score (PS) method. Main outcome measure. All-cause mortality. Results. In an age- and sex-adjusted analysis, participants with S-TC > or = 6mmol/l had the lowest risk of death (hazard ratio, HR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.33-0.70) compared with those with S-TC < 5 mmol/l. HR of death for a 1 mmol increase in S-TC was 0.78. In multivariate analyses, the HR of death for a 1 mmol increase in S-TC was 0.82 and using S-TC < 5 mmol/l as a reference, the HR of death for S-TC > or = 6 mmol/l was 0.59 (95% CI 0.39-0.89) and for S-TC 5.0-5.9 mmol/l, the HR was 0.62 (95% CI 0.42-0.93). In a PS-adjusted model using S-TC < 5 mmol/l as a reference, the HR of death for S-TC > or = 6 mmol/l was 0.42 (95% CI 0.28-0.62) and for S-TC 5.0-5.9 mmol/l, the HR was 0.57 (95% CI 0.38-0.84). Conclusions. Participants with low serum total cholesterol seem to have a lower survival rate than participants with an elevated cholesterol level, irrespective of concomitant diseases or health status.
journal_name
Scand J Prim Health Carejournal_title
Scandinavian journal of primary health careauthors
Tuikkala P,Hartikainen S,Korhonen MJ,Lavikainen P,Kettunen R,Sulkava R,Enlund Hdoi
10.3109/02813432.2010.487371subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-06-01 00:00:00pages
121-7issue
2eissn
0281-3432issn
1502-7724journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The study describes health, social situation, and contact with general practitioners in a random sample of non-institutionalized persons 70-95 years old in Denmark. There was a strong correlation between health and contact with general practitioners. A small group, 3% of the respondents, had no health problems, but ha...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813439109018528
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine how often patients with musculoskeletal (MSK) complaints prescribed a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) subsequently consult their general practitioner (GP) with a non-serious adverse drug reaction (ADR). DESIGN:Cohort study. SETTING:A healthcare database containing the electronic GP...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813432.2015.1067513
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The general practitioners dealing with cancer has other parameters than statistics of incidence and prevalence. In 400 consecutive interviews with patients in general practice when asked if the consultation was brought about because of fear or thoughts of cancer, eight % answered "yes" and 11% "partly". When asked if ...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813438409017697
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To explore the associations between decreased pulse oximetry values (SpO2) and clinical, laboratory, and demographic variables in general practice patients diagnosed with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including those with both COPD and asthma in combination. DESIGN/SETTING:A cross-s...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813432.2015.1117283
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study awareness and treatment of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in a primary care district where a screening program for hypercholesterolaemia involving one third of the population had been conducted 7 years earlier. DESIGN:A semi-structured telephone survey on four risk factors; blood pressure, ...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/028134398750003124
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Health problems in female patients often confuse the general practitioner. Many of them are classified as "unspecific" or "various". Psychiatric, psychosomatic or musculosceletal diagnoses may imply a diagnostic level inadequate for proper solution of the problems. This study of middle-aged female patients assumes tha...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813438709018097
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physical work load was assessed by doctors and patients to have contributed to the health problems leading to sickness certification in 48.4% of 1413 patients certified sick by 118 general practitioners in Buskerud county, Norway (1986). Correspondingly, psychological factors were considered contributory in 32.1%. The...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813439008994927
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine whether a Current Health scale produces reliable and valid measures of self perceived health status. DESIGN:Examination of reliability, based on internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient). Examination of validity focusing on convergent and discriminant validity. SUBJECTS:2263 male and fe...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813439508996730
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a multipractice prevalence study of uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) in primary health care (PHC), with 355 episodes in 302 individuals during one month, 93% of the episodes occurred in females and Escherichia coli was the dominating causative organism (77%). Most episodes of UTI (84%) were acute and ass...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813438709014000
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A written inquiry was undertaken to explore the expectations towards primary care physicians (general practitioners), as expressed by patients, local health board members and health centre staff members. Treatment without delay was given top priority both by patients and board members, while continuity of care was con...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813438509013949
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigates the feasibility of the clinical differentiation between patients with beta-haemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis from those with pharyngitis caused by other agents, based on the patients' symptoms, symptom duration, and the clinical findings. Twenty-four general practitioners recruited 22...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813438809009320
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Low plasma (p)-albumin and p-calcium concentrations are associated with increased mortality in hospitalised patients. There are few studies addressing this in primary care. Low p-calcium has been associated with mortality, but it is not known whether this applies to p-albumin. Could p-albumin and p-calcium be...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02813432.2020.1843809
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of applying an emergency department (ED) triage system, combined with extensive publicity in local media about the "right" use of emergency services, on the division of work between ED nurses and general practitioners (GPs). DESIGN:An observational and quasi-experimental study based on b...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813432.2015.1041825
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the incidence of whiplash associated disorders (WAD) after minor whiplash injuries in car accidents. DESIGN:A cohort defined by means of a health-care-based registration of traffic injuries and followed up by postal questionnaire after 12 months. SETTING:Primary and hospital care in a Swedish midd...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/028134300453359
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine whether vaginal application of Lactobacillus casei v. rhamnosus reduces the reinfection rate in cystitis-prone women. DESIGN:A controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. SETTING:Division for General Practice, University of Bergen, Norway. INTERVENTION:Vaginal application of lactobacill...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.3109/02813439409029247
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the prevalence, aetiology and treatment of chronic leg and foot ulcers, and to estimate the nurse's time in wound management. DESIGN:A structured questionnaire with 19 questions about chronic ulcers and wound management was sent to all district and community nurses in the county during 1 week in Mar...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1080/028134300448788
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the likelihood of being a frequent attender (FA) to general practice among native Norwegians and immigrants, and to study socioeconomic and morbidity factors associated with being a FA for natives and immigrants. DESIGN, SETTING AND SUBJECTS:Linked register data for all inhabitants in Norway with ...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813432.2014.982368
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Objective: The main objective of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and evaluate screening parameters capability of the SDS with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-21) among the elderly population. Design: A population-based study Setting: Community...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02813432.2019.1639923
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect on referral rate when GPs are given a better opportunity to send their patients to specialists for consultation. DESIGN:Intervention study with a control group. SETTING AND SUBJECTS:A 34-month experiment in the City of Turku. The experimental group consisted of 10 GPs working in municip...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/028134301750235295
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Sputum colour plays an important role in the disease concepts for acute cough, both in the patients' and the doctors' view. However, it is unclear whether the sputum colour can be used for diagnosis of a bacterial infection. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. SETTING:A total of 42 GP practices in Dusseldorf, Ger...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02813430902759663
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study changes in Finnish GPs' child-psychiatric networks over a one-year period. DESIGN:Postal questionnaire. SETTING:Health centres in the area of Tampere University Hospital with a catchment population of one million. INTERVENTION:A one-off course in the field of child psychiatry was held 56 times in ...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02813430510018374
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Iceland a problem oriented medical record system for primary health care has been developed. A contact-form is used to record data on all contacts between the inhabitants in a district and the health center. A minicomputer is used for retrieval and analysis. One rural health center using this system has been succes...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813438409017714
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Swedish trial in old patients with hypertension was initiated by the Swedish League against Hypertension. It will be conducted as a prospective multicentre study in Swedish primary health care, and will comprise approximately 2 000 patients on active treatment and 2 000 on placebo to be studied for three years. Th...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813438609014824
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mortality from ischaemic heart disease is higher in predominantly rural northern and western Sweden than in the more urban eastern and southern districts. This study was performed in a small semirural area in mid-Sweden with lower mortality from ischaemic heart disease in middle-aged men and higher mortality in mi...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813439109018515
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:OBJECTIVE. This study examined whether age, gender, and comorbidity were of importance for an individual's choice of listing with either a public or a private primary health care (PHC) practice. DESIGN AND SETTING. The study was a register-based closed cohort study in one private and one public PHC practice in Bleking...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813432.2011.562363
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To find out whether family or working conditions is most important for mood in different ages in women. DESIGN:Prospective study. SETTING:Göteborg, Sweden, population about 430,000. SUBJECTS:Representative samples of a general population of women, born in 1930 (n = 276), 1942 (n = 93) and 1954 (n = 61), ex...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02813430410006486
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine the number, the nature and the circumstances of home accidents managed in general practices, and to compare the results with the European Home and Leisure Accidents Surveillance System (EHLASS) data. DESIGN:A prospective population survey of all domestic accidents managed in 138 sentinel genera...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine if abstention from smoking in pregnancy increases with opportunities to limit workload. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study based on self-administered questionnaires to women post partum. SETTING:All maternity wards in Norway, 16 October-26 November 1989. SUBJECTS:5 438 women, or 87.2% of all parturien...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813439608997064
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A questionnaire was sent in 1984 to 97 children with urticaria, who had previously been seen in Danish general practice during a period of three months in 1982. The questionnaire included questions about provoking factors and the course of the disease. Replies were received from 79 children, 46 of whom had experienced...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/02813438709024182
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To identify and describe variations in ways of experiencing asthma management among general practitioners (GPs) in Sweden. DESIGN:Descriptive and explorative study using a phenomenographic approach. Semi-structured tape-recorded face-to-face interviews, focusing on the GP's own experiences regarding asthma m...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of primary health care
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/028134399750002458
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
