Abstract：
:Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (PHH) is caused by solitary benign insulinoma or hyperplasia of pancreatic beta cells. In infants, PHH is caused by functionally defective hyperplastic beta cells, which are either diffusely or focally distributed in the pancreas. In adults, insulinoma is the most common cause of PHH, but recently, an increasing number of beta-cell hyperplasias has been reported among adults. The cause of adult beta-cell hyperplasia is not known. Whether the increased use of bariatric surgery in the treatment of severe obesity plays a role here is under investigation. Accurate localization of disease focus in both insulinoma and focal beta-cell hyperplasia provides an important support for surgery, especially as the use of laparoscopic surgery has increased. Conventional imaging of these challenging pancreatic lesions has evolved during recent years, but current imaging methods still lack sufficient sensitivity or are invasive. In most pancreatic NETs, the usefulness of positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorine-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose ([(18)F]FDG) for lesion detection is limited because of the low glucose turnover of these tumors. Based on the capacity of pancreatic beta cells to take up and decarboxylate amine precursors, several investigators have studied patients with pancreatic NETs using aminoacid precursors, such as [(18)F]dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and [(11)C]hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), in an attempt to increase the sensitivity of PET scanning. Another characteristic of NETs is the expression of somatostatin receptors, and thus encouraging studies with somatostatin receptor imaging with [(18)Ga]-labeled somatostatin analogs have emerged as a new interesting imaging tool for the diagnosis of pancreatic NETs. This article provides an overview of our experiences and the current literature on PET imaging in patients with PHH caused by insulinoma or beta-cell hyperplasia.
journal_name
Curr Pharm Desjournal_title
Current pharmaceutical designauthors
Kauhanen S,Seppänen M,Minn H,Nuutila Pdoi
10.2174/138161210791164090subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-05-01 00:00:00pages
1550-60issue
14eissn
1381-6128issn
1873-4286pii
BSP/CPD/E-Pub/ 00027Ajournal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Surgery for epilepsy dates back to 1886 and has undergone significant developments. Today it is considered a key treatment modality in patients who are resistant to pharmacological intervention. It improves seizure control, cognition and quality of life. New technologies, advances in surgical technique and progress in...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612823666171031101839
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellular uptake of therapeutic oligonucleotides and subsequent intracellular trafficking to their target sites represents the major technical hurdle for the biological effectiveness of these potential drugs. Accordingly, laboratories worldwide focus on the development of suitable delivery systems. Among the different ...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161208786898806
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The last decade, the number of health economic evaluations has increased substantially in the field of child psychiatry. The objective of the present paper is to offer an overview of economic evaluations of child psychiatric drug treatment. Major electronic databases, as well as abstract booklets from international cl...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161210791959917
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many, if not all, chronic medical, neurodegenerative and neuroprogressive illnesses are characterised by chronic immune activation, oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) and systemic inflammation. These factors, notably elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, activate indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) leading to an upr...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612822666151215102420
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transforming growth factor-β family members, which include TGF-βs, activins and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), play important roles in development and maintaining tissue homeostasis. The extracellular TGF-β family members signal across the plasmamembrane by activating type I and type II serine/threonine kinase re...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2174/138161212802430495
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many of the most debilitating symptoms for psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia remain poorly treated. As such, the development of novel treatments is urgently needed. Unfortunately, the costs associated with high failure rates for investigational compounds as they enter clinical trials has led to pharmaceutica...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612822666160127113912
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immune activation not only accompanies inflammation in various disorders including infections, autoimmune syndromes and cancer, but it also represents a characteristic feature of ageing. Immune deviations which are most widely expressed in the elderly include increased neopterin production and tryptophan breakdown. Th...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612820666140317110217
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Ultrasound contrast agents involving a therapeutic drug applied during enhanced imaging can be used for targeted therapy. The preparation of contrast agents is a precondition and basis for the use of multifunctional contrast agents in molecular imaging. METHODS:This study uses thin-film hydration-mechanical vi...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2174/1381612824666181011120031
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the main endogenous pro-angiogenic cytokines. Inhibition of the VEGF signaling pathways is an effective treatment for cancer patients. In addition, local anti- VEGF therapy was developed and established to treat proliferative diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612821666150225120314
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinically most relevant medications for lipid management are the statins, which constitute in the majority of the cases the basis of any lipid-modulating therapy. However, other agents are often needed to either reduce low-density cholesterol to target levels and/or to treat residual serum lipoprotein abnormaliti...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612811319170017
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The last quarter of a century has witnessed remarkable progress in the understanding of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) signalling and their involvement in different diseases such as cancer, diabetes and inflammation. Nevertheless, many questions remain open and among these the role of genetic and epigenetic regulat...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In spite of considerable efforts of researchers the cancer deseases remain to be incurable and a percentage of cancer deseases in the structure of mortality increases every year. At that, high systemic toxicity of antitumor drugs hampers their effective use. Because of this fact, the development of nanosyste...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612825666190117095132
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Androgen receptor (AR) is a steroid hormone receptor that is activated by endogenous androgens, mainly testosterone and 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5alpha-DHT). AR is also an important drug target, and AR antagonists (antiandrogens) have been widely used for prostate cancer therapy. Antiandrogens currently available o...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161210790963850
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Syncytin-1 is a protein coded by a human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) gene of the HERV-W family (HERVWE1). Syncytin- 1 mediates formation of syncytiotrophoblasts through fusion of cytotrophoblasts, a hallmark of terminal differentiation of placental trophoblast linage. Syncytin-1 also possesses nonfusogenic functions ...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2174/13816128113199990541
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growth factors (GFs) are extracellular signaling polypeptides regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. They exert a wide spectrum of biological activities selectively binding to and activating specific membrane receptors which then transfer the message to cell interior inducing specific biochemical...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161209788682235
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drug-drug interactions may occur when to combine two or more drugs and may cause some adverse events such as Cardiotoxicity, Central neurotoxicity, Hepatotoxicity, etc. Although a large number of researchers who are proficient in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics have been engaged in drug assays and trying to find...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2174/1381612827666210127122312
更新日期：2021-01-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The acid-base balance of cells is related to the concentration of free H⁺ ions. These are highly reactive, and their intracellular concentration must be regulated to avoid detrimental effects to the cell. H⁺ ion dynamics are influenced by binding to chelator substances ('buffering'), and by the production, diffusion a...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161212799504920
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondria fulfill a number of essential cellular functions, being recognized that the strict regulation of the structure, function and turnover of these organelles is an immutable control node for the maintenance of neuronal integrity and homeostasis. Many lines of evidence posit that mitochondria constitute a conv...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161211798072490
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The common mechanism of action of aspirin and the chemically unrelated non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is the inhibition of prostaglandin (PG) production due to interference with the enzymatic activity of cyclooxygenase (COX). These agents have long been used as effective treatments for arthritis. The r...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612003398753
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this review we discuss the role of protonation states in receptor-ligand interactions, providing experimental evidences and computational predictions that complex formation may involve titratable groups with unusual pKa's and that protonation states frequently change from unbound to bound states. These protonation ...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612811319230004
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemokines and their receptors play critical roles in leukocyte trafficking during inflammatory processes. Although the role of chemokine receptors (CKRs) in cancer biology is a relatively new field of study, a growing body of data suggest that a number of CKRs, including CXCR4, CCR4, CCR7, and CCR10, may play diverse...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161209787582165
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chloride channels play important roles in vital cellular signalling processes contributing to homeostasis in both excitable and non-excitable cells. Since 1987, more than ten ion channel genes have been identified as causing human hereditary diseases among them the genes for the voltage-dependent chloride channel ClC-...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161206775474459
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Blood flow assessment is essential to fully understand cardiovascular function in disease pathologies and for identification of individuals at long-term risk of cardiovascular disease development. Qualitative and quantitative assessments of blood flow by imaging modalities have been limited, and much of the ...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612823666170317144257
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infections are the most common inflammatory triggers and acute and chronic infections have been associated with the development and progression of atherosclerotic disease raising interest in the infectious hypothesis of atherosclerosis. Pathogens have been identified in atherosclerotic plaques and large epidemiologica...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Providing novel treatments to help cancer patients live longer and have better lives remains one of the biggest challenges of the pharmaceutical industry. Today much is known about the molecular and genetic causes of cancers thus facilitating the development of novel targeted cancer drugs with improved risk-benefit ra...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/138161208784246234
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:From the evidence of failed injection-based growth factor therapies, it has been proposed that a naturally triggered uninterrupted blood circulation of the growth factors would be superior. OBJECTIVE:We seek to stimulate discussions and more research about the possibility of using the already available grow...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2174/1381612826666201019104201
更新日期：2020-10-18 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is an autosomal-dominant genetic disease and represents the most common genetic disorder: heterozygous 1/250 births, homozygous 1/300, 000 births. FH is characterized by high to very high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), which is the main cause of increased inc...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612824666181009105305
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pulmonary diseases are the third leading cause of morbidity worldwide, however treatment and diagnosis of these diseases continue to be challenging due to the complex anatomical structure as well as physiological processes in the lungs. METHODS:3D printing is progressively finding new avenues in the medical...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612825666181206123414
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Manufacturing of pharmaceutical solids involves different unit operations and processing steps such as powder blending, fluidization, sieving, powder coating, pneumatic conveying and spray drying. During these operations, particles come in contact with other particles, different metallic, glass or polymer surfaces and...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/1381612821666151008124811
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytokines are glycoproteins that serve as chemical messengers between cells. They assist in the regulation of cell growth and repair and also have immune modulating properties. Cytokines play a role in diverse clinical processes and phenomena such as fatigue, fever, sleep, pain, stress and aching. A review of the fibr...
journal_title：Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
