New insights into the mechanisms of mitochondrial preconditioning-triggered neuroprotection.

Abstract:

:Mitochondria fulfill a number of essential cellular functions, being recognized that the strict regulation of the structure, function and turnover of these organelles is an immutable control node for the maintenance of neuronal integrity and homeostasis. Many lines of evidence posit that mitochondria constitute a convergence point of preconditioning - a paradigm that affords robust brain tolerance in the face of neurodegenerative insults. Indeed, it has been described that preconditioning activates an adaptive reprogramming of mitochondrial biology in response to a noxious stress-stimulus, which in turn will contribute to augment both mitochondrial and neuronal tolerance. Mitochondrial reactive species (ROS), mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (mitoK(ATP)) channels and mitochondrial permeability transition pore have been identified as specific mitochondrial mediators and targets of the adaptive program underlying preconditioning. Recent studies further link mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics and mitophagy to preconditioning, thereby representing novel mechanisms by which preconditioning may mediate brain tolerance. The present review summarizes the current views on how mitochondrial biology is linked to preconditioning-induced neuroprotection. A better understanding of the mitochondrial mechanisms underlying preconditioning will help in the development of novel therapeutic approaches with the primary goal of modulating mitochondria to enhance brain tolerance against neurodegenerative events.

journal_name

Curr Pharm Des

authors

Correia SC,Cardoso S,Santos RX,Carvalho C,Santos MS,Perry G,Smith MA,Moreira PI

doi

10.2174/138161211798072490

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2011-01-01 00:00:00

pages

3381-9

issue

31

eissn

1381-6128

issn

1873-4286

pii

BSP/CPD/E-Pub/000705

journal_volume

17

pub_type

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