Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Adequate detection of designer steroids in the urine of athletes is still a challenge in doping control analysis and requires knowledge of steroid metabolism. In this study we investigated whether uPA(+/+)-SCID mice carrying functional primary human hepatocytes in their liver would provide a suitable alternative small animal model for the investigation of human steroid metabolism in vivo. METHODS:A quantitative method based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the urinary detection of 7 known methandienone metabolites. Application of this method to urine samples from humanized mice after methandienone administration allowed for comparison with data from in vivo human samples and with reported methandienone data from in vitro hepatocyte cultures. RESULTS:The LC-MS/MS method validation in mouse and human urine indicated good linearity, precision, and recovery. Using this method we quantified 6 of 7 known human methandienone metabolites in the urine of chimeric mice, whereas in control nonchimeric mice we detected only 2 metabolites. These results correlated very well with methandienone metabolism in humans. In addition, we detected 4 isomers of methandienone metabolites in both human and chimeric mouse urine. One of these isomers has never been reported before. CONCLUSIONS:The results of this proof-of-concept study indicate that the human liver-uPA(+/+)-SCID mouse appears to be a suitable small animal model for the investigation of human-type metabolism of anabolic steroids and possibly also for other types of drugs and medications.
journal_name
Clin Chemjournal_title
Clinical chemistryauthors
Lootens L,Meuleman P,Pozo OJ,Van Eenoo P,Leroux-Roels G,Delbeke FTdoi
10.1373/clinchem.2008.119396subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-10-01 00:00:00pages
1783-93issue
10eissn
0009-9147issn
1530-8561pii
clinchem.2008.119396journal_volume
55pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:We have developed a silicon-based biosensor that generates a visual signal in response to nucleic acid targets. METHODS:In this system, capture oligonucleotide probes are immobilized on the surface of the biosensor. Interaction of the capture probes with a complementary target and a biotinylated detector ol...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
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doi:
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Screening for heterozygous sequence changes in PCR products, also known as "mutation scanning", is an important tool for genetic research and clinical applications. Conventional methods require a separation step. METHODS:We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of homogeneous scanning, using a saturatin...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
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doi:10.1373/clinchem.2003.029751
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinicians confront the classical problem of decision making under uncertainty, but a universal procedure by which they deal with this situation, both in diagnosis and therapy, can be defined. This consists in the choice of a specific course of action from available alternatives so as to reduce uncertainty. Formal ana...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a simple and convenient method for processing small amounts of tissue samples for trace-metal measurements by atomic absorption spectrometry, by use of a modified Parr microwave digestion bomb. Digestion proceeds rapidly (less than or equal to 90 s) in a sealed Teflon-lined vessel that eliminates contamina...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The TDx Fetal Lung Maturity II (FLM II) assay uses amniotic fluid to assess lung maturity of the unborn infant. We investigated common preanalytical factors that influence FLM results, including centrifugation, sample storage, and contamination by whole blood. METHODS:We tested 18 specimens after centrifuga...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
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doi:10.1373/49.6.935
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Multiple genes that are associated with the risk of developing diabetes or the risk of diabetes complications have been identified by candidate gene analysis and genomewide scanning. These molecular markers, together with clinical data and findings from proteomics, metabolomics, pharmacogenetics, and other m...
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doi:10.1373/clinchem.2010.156901
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journal_title:Clinical chemistry
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doi:
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abstract::We describe the influence of autoantibodies that bind creatine kinase BB (CK-BB) on the methods for MB isoenzyme. If these autoantibodies are present in patients' sera, they cause the formation of macro CK type 1 (immunoglobulin-linked CK-BB). In some of these cases they can bind not only endogenous CK-BB but also CK-...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
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doi:
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estrogen receptor (ER) and progestin receptor (PR) concentrations in tumor biopsies are important predictive indicators of a clinical response to endocrine therapy of breast cancer. To assess interference of O.C.T. (optimum cutting temperature) embedding compound in assays of ER and PR by radioligand binding, we deter...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method is described for separating antibody-bound from free fractions in ligand assays by column affinity chromatography, and its application to radioimmunoassay of choriomammotropin. In the method, 70 x 10 mm (i.d.) polypropylene columns containing about 150 mg of immunosorbent (goat anti-rabbit gamma-globulins cov...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::I present the general pattern relationship between (a) plasma fibrinogen and cholinesterase activity and (b) plasma fibrinogen and hemoglobin, in 250 and 310 hospitalized adults, respectively. Although responses of cholinesterase were often unrelated to fibrinogen, when its activity in plasma was depressed, above-norm...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determination of the concentration of erythrocyte folate by means of competitive protein binding assay critically depends on the extraction procedure applied. Results will be influenced by variable factors such as the in vitro age of the blood samples, the degree of hemolysis, the presence of ascorbic acid, and the pH...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a biomarker of inflammation and oxidative stress produced by neutrophils, monocytes, and endothelial cells. Concentrations of MPO predict mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. This study sought to investigate the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of MPO in patients...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1373/clinchem.2009.142257
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the distribution of serum concentrations of the atherogenic lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] in an obese population and the possible effects of weight reduction, we determined Lp(a) in 52 white, moderately obese subjects (16 men and 36 women). The subjects were participating in a weight-reduction program of diet, exer...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated six precipitation methods for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-chol) determination: the heparin/Mn2+ precipitation reagent method (Hep), two variants of the phosphotungstic acid/Mg2+ method (Tung-L and Tung-B), the dextran sulfate 50,000/Mg2+ method (Dex), the PEG 6000 method (PEG), and the PEG 6...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared measurements of apoprotein A-I (apoA-I) in plasma and in heparin-MnCl2 supernates analyzed by radial immunodiffusion. The apoA-I values were similar when the samples were fresh [n = 41, mean (SD), mg/L: plasma, 1393.4(349); heparin-MnCl2 supernates, 1364.9(332), p less than 0.01], but were greater than 8% ...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The new oral formulation of cyclosporine (CsA), Neoral (CsA-N), results in increased area under the curve (AUC) and decreased intra- and interindividual variation in blood concentrations and other pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters when compared with the current Sand-immune (CsA-S) formulation. The present study examines...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical chemistry
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doi:
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical chemistry
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journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1373/clinchem.2008.103465
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although cardiac troponin (cTn) is a cornerstone marker in the assessment and management of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and heart failure (HF), cTn is not diagnostically specific for any single myocardial disease process. This narrative review discusses increases in cTn that result from acute...
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journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the EMIT (enzyme-multiplied immuno technique) and FPIA (fluorescence polarization immunoassay) urine screening systems for detection of benzodiazepine intake. Healthy male volunteers were given single oral therapeutic doses of alprazolam (2 mg), chlordiazepoxide (25 mg), flunitrazepam (1 mg), lorazepam (3...
journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00