Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The Regnault classification of breast ptosis is insufficient for determining surgical strategies for different stages of ptosis. OBJECTIVE:A new clinical classification of breast ptosis is proposed that allows greater precision in the development of an appropriate surgical plan. METHODS:Breast ptosis is classified in 1-cm stages, beginning with stage A at 2 cm above the inframammary crease and continuing through stage E at 2 cm below the inframammary crease, with any level of ptosis beyond stage E defined as stage F. Increments of 1 cm were chosen because each level predicts a different amount of skin excision necessary to elevate the nipple-areolar complex to an ideal aesthetic level. An algorithm is provided for defining options for surgical management of the ptotic breast with and without augmentation and for the previously augmented breast. RESULTS:Seventy-three cases of breast ptosis were treated with augmentation mammaplasty, simultaneous areolar mastopexy breast augmentation, Wise mastopexy breast augmentation, and other procedures following the proposed classification system and treatment algorithm. CONCLUSIONS:The new system for staging of breast ptosis is simple and easy to remember and can assist in the planning and evaluation of surgery. (Aesthetic Surg J 2002;22:355-363.).
journal_name
Aesthet Surg Jjournal_title
Aesthetic surgery journalauthors
Kirwan Ldoi
10.1067/maj.2002.126746subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-07-01 00:00:00pages
355-63issue
4eissn
1090-820Xissn
1527-330Xpii
S1090-820X(02)00015-8journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:There is limited evidence available in literature with regard to the complication profile of mastectomy and immediate prosthetic reconstruction in augmented patients. OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to compare postoperative complications between women with versus withou...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sjab028
更新日期:2021-01-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Masculinization of the face is a common finding in facelift patients. It is attributed to deflation and decent of the midface-jowls coupled with skin laxity. Fullness is evident lateral to the jowl in small percentage due to prominent buccal fat pad. OBJECTIVES:To examine the anatomy of the buccal fat pad, ...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sjaa015
更新日期:2020-01-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Diced cartilage is a valuable material that has recently been added to the graft options in rhinoplasty. Shaping, fixation, and resorption are the main concerns with this material. Perichondrially attached diced conchal cartilage may be a new possibility to solve some of these problems. OBJECTIVES:The autho...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/1090820X12455635
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nowadays, corporal perception has evolved among different ethnic groups and a tendency to change from a slim to an athletic shape has been influenced by geography, culture, race, gender, and social media. Although exercise improves health status, physical appearance does as well in the long term. Patients of...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sjaa133
更新日期:2020-05-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROM) are increasingly used in healthcare to assess outcomes. The BREAST-Q Implant Surveillance (BREAST-Q IS) is a 5-question Patient Reported Outcome Measure (PROM) used by the Australian Breast Device Registry (ABDR) to monitor the performance of breast devices. Validatio...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sjaa342
更新日期:2020-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The pedicled latissimus dorsi (LD) flap serves an important function in breast reconstruction, but its utility is limited by its inability to provide sufficient breast volume. OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this preliminary report was to review the techniques and outcomes of utilizing fat-grafted, volume-enhance...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sjv173
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:The nipple-areola complex (NAC) is important aesthetically and functionally for both sexes. Methods for positioning the NAC in males are less well established in the literature compared to females but are just as important. Objectives:This study aims to determine the normal parameters for the male NAC, to r...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sjx245
更新日期:2018-06-13 00:00:00
abstract::Arm contour improvement is a desired goal of the massive weight loss and the aging population who want to maintain the arm aesthetics. Brachioplasty is a growing and safe procedure to improve the arm contour and different approaches and innovative treatment options have been described since the 1930s. This paper revie...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/asj/sjx218
更新日期:2018-07-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several studies have attempted to define the dimensions of an aesthetically pleasing eyebrow. However, these dimensions represent the views of plastic surgeons and cosmetologists, not necessarily the general public. We hypothesized that many patients who present to their plastic surgeon for periorbital rejuv...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.asj.2005.05.002
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the anatomy of the individual pectoralis major and minor muscles has been described previously, never before has the anatomic relationship between these muscles been investigated. OBJECTIVE:The authors identify the anatomic relationship of the costal origins of the pectoralis major and minor muscle...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/1090820X13519643
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Comparative studies have shown little statistical difference in outcomes following rhinoplasty, demonstrating near equivalent results across all surgical techniques. Cross-study comparisons of these trials are difficult because variation in outcome reporting prevents statistical pooling and analysis. OBJECT...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sjz138
更新日期:2020-01-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Abdominoplasty, a commonly performed aesthetic procedure, is considered to have an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) events. At present, routine VTE chemoprophylaxis following abdominoplasty remains controversial. OBJECTIVES:This study evaluates the authors' experience with rivaroxaban, an oral...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/asj/sjv117
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The increasing use of bariatric procedures in the treatment of morbidly obese patients means that aesthetic plastic surgeons can expect to care for more and more patients who have undergone bariatric surgery. It is important for aesthetic surgeons to understand the procedures, outcomes, and possible complications to r...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.asj.2007.09.007
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this review, the authors provide a 20-year review and comparison of implant options and describe the evolution of breast implant surface textures; compare available implant surfaces; present long-term safety data from the 10-year US-based Core clinical studies; list the key benefits and risks associated with smooth...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/asj/sjx157
更新日期:2017-12-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although placement of silicone implants remains the standard technique for gluteal augmentation, lipoinjection of autologous fat obtained from lipoplasty is emerging as an alternative procedure. OBJECTIVE:We report the results of large-volume lipoinjection of the gluteal region in a series of 96 patients. ...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1067/maj.2002.121960
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paradigms in the treatment of aging have evolved to address volume loss as a central and primary hallmark of the aging face. The concept of "composite volumization" was recently proposed by Dr. Z. Paul Lorenc to describe the effect of Radiesse (Merz Aesthetics, Inc., Raleigh, NC), when placed on bone in the supraperio...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sjy026
更新日期:2018-04-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Most aesthetic rhinosurgeons rely on proper photographic documentation of the nose using several different views. The frontal view is probably the most important, but it is also the most demanding. OBJECTIVES:In the frontal view, delicate, 3-dimensional (3D) anatomic structures require special photographic ...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sju081
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Breast augmentation is the most common aesthetic surgery performed in the United States. Despite its popularity, there is no consensus on many aspects of the procedure. OBJECTIVES:The authors assessed current trends and changes in breast augmentation from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2015. METHODS:A ret...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sjy176
更新日期:2019-05-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Paradoxical adipose hyperplasia (PAH) is a rare, moderate-to-severe adverse event associated with cryolipolysis (Coolsculpting, CS). OBJECTIVES:Describe the incidence, diagnoses and treatment of PAH, following CS for nonsurgical fat reduction. METHODS:A multicenter evaluation of all patients who underwent ...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sjaa310
更新日期:2020-11-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Perioperative hypothermia can lead to surgical complications, including bleeding, infection, increased patient discomfort, and longer recovery time. Plastic surgeons have become increasingly aware of this important patient safety issue. OBJECTIVES:The authors evaluate the impact of perioperative warming in ...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/1090820X12449342
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL)-a new category of anaplastic large cell lymphoma associated with textured breast implants-has a distinct variation in incidence and is especially rare in Asia. We report the first case of BIA-ALCL in Korea and present its histological and genetic char...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sjaa398
更新日期:2020-12-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A well-defined supratarsal crease has often been considered attractive, representing a significant component in a beautiful upper eyelid. Approximately 50% of East and Southeast Asian women are born with either a minimal or absent supratarsal eyelid crease. Among people of Chinese descent, the creation of a ...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
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doi:10.1177/1090820X14523020
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Injections are associated with a certain amount of pain, the tolerance of which can vary between individuals. With regard to noninvasive pain control techniques in subcutaneous injections, few studies with adequate levels of evidence and design quality exist to support any specific analgesic method. OBJECTI...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/asj/sjz380
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Full and high cheekbones are considered a desirable component of facial attractiveness. The aging process can result in a loss of facial volume and changes in facial contours. Cheek augmentation can replace lost facial volume, rejuvenate facial appearance, enhance cheek prominence, and improve facial symmetry. A new, ...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.asj.2009.03.004
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perioperative hyperglycemia is a well-known risk factor for surgical morbidity such as wound healing, infection, and prolonged hospitalization. This association has been reported for a number of surgical subspecialties, including plastic surgery. Specialty-specific guidelines have become increasingly available in the ...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/asj/sjw064
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alloplastic malar augmentation is becoming an increasingly common procedure for enhancement of the midface and an adjunct method of improving the effects of other rejuvenation procedures. OBJECTIVES:The authors present a new surgical approach for placement of malar implants by means of an intranasal incisio...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/1090820X11430498
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Hypertrophy of the gastrocnemius muscle is considered to be a hindrance to lower leg beauty in the Asian aesthetic market. A noninvasive technique that has been gaining recognition involves botulinum toxin A injection; however, there are no proper guidelines or standardized protocols for the administration o...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sjx070
更新日期:2017-10-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous anatomic studies have provided valuable information on the two-dimensional (2-D) course of the angular segment of the facial artery in the midface and its arterial connections. The third dimension (ie, the depth of the artery) is less well characterized. OBJECTIVE:The objective of the present study...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sjaa176
更新日期:2020-06-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Regardless of the technique chosen to treat the aging midface, the isolated lateral approach facelift has a limited impact on the midface volume deficit. In an effort to overcome this limitation, modern facial rejuvenation procedures incorporate an additional modality for replenishing the midface volume. Som...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sjz129
更新日期:2020-03-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Knowledge of topographic skin thickness is important to plastic surgery of the face as it may guide resection and restoration in oncologic, aesthetic, and reconstructive procedures. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study is to report the relative thickness of the face throughout 39 distinct subunits. METHODS:...
journal_title:Aesthetic surgery journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/asj/sjv079
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00