Abstract:
:A serious challenge in diagnosing fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is the need to document alcohol use during pregnancy. Maternal/paternal alcohol abuse affects the likelihood of fetal alcohol exposure, and hence the occurrence of FASD. The objective of the current study was to document the use of the fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) hair test, a biomarker of excessive alcohol use, in parents at risk of having children with FASD and quantify the prevalence of alcohol use in this population. Hair samples submitted for FAEE testing between October 2005 and May 2007 were evaluated (n = 324). Subjects consisted of the parents of at-risk children. Samples were analyzed using a previously published method. Briefly, samples underwent a liquid-liquid extraction, followed by headspace solid phase microextraction, and were then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using deuterated FAEE as internal standards. Limit of detection and limit of quantification values were between 0.01-0.04 ng/mg and 0.04-0.12 ng/mg, respectively. Positive levels for excessive drinking were ascertained using a cutoff level of 0.5 ng/mg, offering 90% sensitivity and specificity. The rate of positive hair samples for excessive drinking was 33.3% (32.4% among women and 35.4% among men) (n = 324). The majority of samples (62%) had cumulative FAEE levels above a level that excludes strict abstinence (0.2 ng/mg) and many (19%) were highly positive (above 1.0 ng/mg). Of 26 FAEE hair tests for which women were reported to be pregnant, 38% had FAEE hair levels above 0.2 ng/mg and 19% tested positive for excessive drinking, with levels above 0.5 ng/mg; 12% had levels above 1.0 ng/mg. The high rate of positive FAEE results demonstrates that the FAEE hair test corroborates the clinical suspicion of alcohol use in parents of children at risk for FASD. Our results suggest that FAEE hair analysis may be a powerful tool in detecting excessive alcohol use in the perinatal period.
journal_name
Ther Drug Monitjournal_title
Therapeutic drug monitoringauthors
Kulaga V,Pragst F,Fulga N,Koren Gdoi
10.1097/FTD.0b013e31819c33b8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-04-01 00:00:00pages
261-6issue
2eissn
0163-4356issn
1536-3694journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Busulfan dose adjustment is routinely guided by plasma concentration monitoring using 4-9 blood samples per dose adjustment, but a pharmacometric Bayesian approach could reduce this sample burden. METHODS:The authors developed a nonparametric population model with Pmetrics. They used it to simulate optimal ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000276
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors refer to their experience with alternative matrices to supervise the methadone therapy of heroin abusers. For this purpose, hair, sweat, and urine samples were collected from 10 heroin addicts and from a control group and were submitted to gas chromatographic/mass spectroscopic analysis for methadone and i...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e31811f1bbe
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of storage time and temperature on the stability of FK 506 in patient blood samples and quality control samples was assessed with the Abbott IMx microparticle enzyme immunoassay. Blood FK 506 concentrations measured at days 0, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 14 were stable at room (22 degrees C), refrigerator (4 degrees C)...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199506000-00009
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Oral fluid is an attractive alternative matrix for drug testing with a noninvasive and directly observed collection, but there are few controlled cocaine administration studies to guide interpretation. MATERIALS AND METHODS:While residing on a closed research unit for up to 10 weeks under constant medical s...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181f2b729
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Perampanel is a new antiepileptic drug (AED) that acts as a noncompetitive α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonist and is mainly metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4. This study evaluated the influence of concomitant AEDs on the serum concentration profile of pera...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000416
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the efficacy, development of adverse effects, and possible correlation between the plasma concentration of carbamazepine (CBZ) and its major metabolite, carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (CBZ-E), in a group of epileptic patients in whom selective increases in CBZ doses were made. Eighteen patients with refracto...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tacrolimus, a critical dose drug, is widely used in transplantation. Knowing the contribution of genetic factors, which significantly influence tacrolimus variability, is beneficial in the personalization of its starting dose. The significant impact of CYP3A5*3 polymorphisms on tacrolimus exposure has been r...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000542
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monitoring of serum voriconazole concentrations has been proposed to optimize therapeutic effect and minimize toxicity. However, little is known about the clinical use of voriconazole therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) by treating physicians. Four hundred seventy-eight episodes corresponding with 161 adult patients (me...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181ea3de6
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 12 institutionalized epilepsy patients who had been treated 19 months (SD +/- 5) with valproic acid, 27.0 mg/kg (SD +/- 11.9), phenytoin, 6.33 mg/kg (SD +/- 1.36), and co-anticonvulsants, the mean percentage of daily free valproic acid was 11.72 (SD +/- 2.10) and of phenytoin 20.39 (SD +/- 3.32). By serial within-d...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-198103000-00013
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suggested that lamotrigine (LTG) may enhance the toxicity of carbamazepine (CBZ) by increasing the concentration of the active metabolite carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (CBZ-E) in adult patients. The authors investigated this hypothesis in an add-on study in 11 children and 3 adolescents, aged 6-22 years, who...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199710000-00002
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several lipophilic, cytotoxic drugs, or both, (including anticancer drugs [Vinca alkaloids, doxorubicin, cyclosporin A, and digoxin]) have proven to be actively effluxed by P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expressed at the luminal membrane of the brain capillary endothelial cells, resulting in the very low apparent blood-brain b...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00007691-199810000-00024
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The anticonvulsant properties of phenytoin (PHT) were discovered in 1938. Since then, it has been one of the most widely used antiepileptic drugs. It is slowly absorbed, extensively plasma protein-bound, exhibits a nonlinear, concentration-dependent pharmacokinetic profile, and has a narrow therapeutic range...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e3182081089
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The TDx digoxin II immunoassay was used in controls and in patients not taking digoxin or any other cardiac glycoside. We report the frequency of interference thought to be caused by digoxin-like factors (DLFs). We found a high incidence of false-positive results in 15 patients with severe hepatic disease (60% false-p...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199111000-00010
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method was developed and validated for quantification of topiramate (TPM) and its metabolites 10-hydroxy topiramate (10-OH-TPM), 9-hydroxy topiramate (9-OH-TPM), and 4,5-O-desisopropylidene topiramate (4,5-diol-TPM) in plasma and urine. The method uses 0.5 mL of ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-200306000-00012
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::OKT3 is a murine monoclonal antibody of the immunoglobulin IgG2a isotype. The target of OKT3, CD3, is a 17-20 kilodalton (kD) molecule that is part of a multimolecular complex found only on mature T cells and medullary thymocytes. This complex is uniquely situated next to the T-cell receptor for antigen. An interactio...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00007691-199512000-00012
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individualized tobramycin therapy was systemically evaluated in 26 patients with gram-negative pneumonias involving Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other multiple antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Patient prognoses were classified by underlying diseases, and response was determined according to previously established criteri...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this report we describe a rapid and sensitive micromethod using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection (ED) to measure morphine concentration in serum or plasma. The separation of morphine and the internal standard 5-hydroxyquinoline, from interfering compounds present in plasm...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-198208000-00010
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To increase target attainment rates, switching the mode of administration from intermittent (InI) to continuous infusion (CoI) has been proposed. In this study, target attainment rates and interpatient variation in exposure were compared between vancomycin InI- and CoI-treated critically ill patients. METHO...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000295
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, a semiautomated fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) for determination of parent cyclosporin (CsA) has been developed for the Abbott AxSYM system. The new CsA assay measures the drug from an extracted whole blood specimen. The authors report here the evaluation of this new assay and the comparison wi...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-200008000-00018
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monitoring plasma concentrations of therapeutic drugs presents special problems when these drugs are metabolized to compounds that have pharmacologic activity. This presentation reviews several methods for evaluating the pharmacologic activity of drug metabolites and describes the impact of active drug metabolites on ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00007691-198001000-00004
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has largely improved in the biopharmaceutical era. These compounds, primarily tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, are effective, but some patients may show poor response, sometimes because of the presence of antidrug antibodies (ADAs). In some instances, clinicians may in...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000421
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An isocratic, high-performance liquid chromatography method has been developed for simultaneous determination of the tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine and six metabolites: desmethylclomipramine, 2- and 8-hydroxy-clomipramine, 2- and 8-hydroxydesmethylclomipramine and didesmethyl-clomipramine in plasma and urine. I...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199304000-00010
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a prospective study over 6 months, the relationship between serum lipid parameters and CsA whole blood trough concentrations was investigated in 39 renal transplant recipients receiving a triple immunosuppressive therapy with cyclosporin (CsA), azathioprine and prednisone. CsA trough concentrations were measured wi...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199704000-00004
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::PROTEASE INHIBITOR TDM: This study examines the importance of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of protease inhibitors (PI) in adults and children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Pediatric patients were included because information in this population is limited. A high performance liquid chromato...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 更正并重新发布的文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-200312000-00002
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accessing patient's veins for drug level sampling is not always feasible. The use of capillary sampling techniques is often utilized when venous access is hampered. In the therapeutic monitoring of patients, unexpected drug level results often occur that can be caused by a number of different factors. The possibility ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199005000-00009
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of ofloxacin taken for 8 days (200 mg twice daily) on the pharmacokinetics of a single intravenous dose of theophylline (4.3 mg/kg over 15 min) was studied in a crossover procedure among seven healthy male volunteers. Theophylline concentrations were measured serially for 10 h by the immunofluorescence pola...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-198802000-00007
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Theophylline, a xanthine derivative drug, is used for the treatment of respiratory diseases, such as asthma, and is primarily eliminated by hepatic metabolism. There is marked interindividual variability in theophylline clearance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of chronic hepa...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000787
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differences in product formulations have been shown to affect the therapeutic response by altering the relative bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of a drug. The relative bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine tablets (CBZ) and a chewable tablet formulation were evaluated in 10 normal healthy subjects...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00007691-198703000-00006
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to establish whether plasma lidocaine concentrations changed subsequent to contact with a new formulation of rubber-stopper Vacutainer collection tubes. Plasma lidocaine concentrations from blood samples exposed to rubber stoppers for one hour were compared with concentrations from blood sample...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-198712000-00013
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors aimed to evaluate the utility of the history and clinical signs for predicting ingestion of poisons in children. A prospective cohort study was performed of all patients presenting with suspected poisoning to a pediatric emergency department over a 13-month period. Clinical data were collected on a preform...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-200312000-00012
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00