Abstract:
:In 12 institutionalized epilepsy patients who had been treated 19 months (SD +/- 5) with valproic acid, 27.0 mg/kg (SD +/- 11.9), phenytoin, 6.33 mg/kg (SD +/- 1.36), and co-anticonvulsants, the mean percentage of daily free valproic acid was 11.72 (SD +/- 2.10) and of phenytoin 20.39 (SD +/- 3.32). By serial within-day blood samplings for a.m., noon, and p.m. periods, the diurnal variation of percentage free valproic acid and phenytoin was determined for each patient. For morning and noon periods the variations in the percentages of free valproic acid and phenytoin were independent of each other, correlation coefficients (r) being zero for each period. In contrast, for early p.m. the correlation coefficient was highly significant at r = 0.894 (p less than 0.01). It is apparent that diurnal variations in the percentages of free valproic acid and phenytoin occur even in patients who have been treated with these compounds for more than a year.
journal_name
Ther Drug Monitjournal_title
Therapeutic drug monitoringauthors
Haidukewych D,Rodin EAdoi
10.1097/00007691-198103000-00013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-01-01 00:00:00pages
303-7issue
3eissn
0163-4356issn
1536-3694journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The adsorption of amitriptyline, desipramine, doxepin, imipramine, and nortriptyline onto cholestyramine was demonstrated in vitro with use of 1.2 mol/L HCl at 37 degrees C to simulate gastric fluid. Binding to cholestyramine was approximately 80% for each of the tricyclic antidepressants, and this was about the same ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199208000-00014
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The time course of appearance of cotinine in saliva and in daily collections of beard clippings was monitored by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry in six volunteers who were nonsmokers following a single 30-min buccal administration of nicotine as a chewing gum. Salivary cotinine concentrations reached a plate...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199504000-00016
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::One tablet containing 755 mg of lithium tryptophanate (10.8 mEq of lithium) was administered to eight healthy volunteers. The main pharmacokinetic parameters for the group of subjects were estimated. Pharmacokinetic parameters (mean +/- SD) from plasma and saliva were respectively: half life (t1/2) 17 +/- 6 vs. 21.8 +...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-198803000-00004
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are a number of effective but highly toxic drugs that exhibit a narrow therapeutic index and marked interpatient pharmacokinetic variability. Individualized therapy with such drugs requires therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to obtain the desired clinical effects safely. Cost-effectiveness analysis in health care...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00007691-200502000-00004
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six groups of six male Wistar rats were administered methadone in their drinking water over the concentration range 0-0.25 mg/ml. Hair and trunk blood samples were collected after a 6-week period of drug administration. Immunoreactive methadone was measured by radioimmunoassay and methadone and its major metabolite, 2...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199612000-00014
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::For the evaluation and interpretation of pharmacokinetic data reliable quantitative determinations are a requirement that can only be met by well-characterized and fully validated analytical methods. To cope with these requirements a method is being established that is based on an integrated and automated fiber-optic ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199608000-00017
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tacrolimus pharmacokinetics in obese patients have been poorly studied. Herein, the authors explored the impact of obesity on tacrolimus exposure in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) and estimated a more suitable initial dosage in this population. METHODS:A retrospective, observational, monocentric case-c...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000820
更新日期:2020-10-05 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Substance use disorder often coexists with other psychiatric disorders, resulting in the simultaneous use of recreational and prescription drugs. The authors aimed to identify potential pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between new psychoactive substances of the cathinone class and specific presc...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000682
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Oral fluid (OF) is being developed as a specimen for the determination of drug intake as an alternative to serum and plasma. It is generally considered as an attractive specimen due to the noninvasive nature of the sampling procedure and the relation to the free fraction of drug in the blood. These features ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000493
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lidocaine is widely used in antiarrhythmic therapy, and the need to monitor the drug concentration in the blood of patients receiving lidocaine is well established. We have developed a new assay for lidocaine designed for the routine clinical therapeutic drug monitoring laboratory. A 100-microliter aliquot of blood pl...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-198102000-00010
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The once-daily formulation of tacrolimus has been reported to exhibit the same efficacy and safety profile as compared with the immediate-release form administered twice daily. However, as a result of differences in their pharmacokinetic (PK) profile, the PK models or Bayesian estimators (MAP-BE) previously ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181cc70db
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The remarkably strong formation of the mycophenolic acid molecular ion from mycophenolic acid glucuronide during electrospray atmospheric pressure ionization in patients' serum samples is described. It is concluded that because of this effect appropriate chromatographic separation prior to tandem-mass spectrometric an...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-200112000-00021
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Current gentamicin dosing algorithms in adult populations target a high peak concentration (Cmax) assuring efficacy and a drug-free period (concentration <0.5 mg/L) preventing toxicity. In contrast, gentamicin-based regimens in neonatal sepsis often aim for lower peak levels and trough concentrations of 0.5-...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000283
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Measurement of whole blood and plasma levels of cyclosporin A (CsA) by radioimmunoassay in kidney transplant recipients receiving the drug showed that CsA concentrations in plasma increased nonlinearly when whole blood levels of the drug exceeded 1,000 ng/ml. At low plasma levels (less than 200 ng/ml), most of the CsA...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-198503000-00010
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Their common clinical use, frequency of adverse effects, serious therapeutic indications, treatment failures, and availability of sensitive assays make corticosteroids such as prednisone and prednisolone candidates for therapeutic drug monitoring. Complicating the interpretation of plasma drug concentrations are the f...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00007691-198004000-00011
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trough levels (TL) of cyclosporine (CS) measured in serum by the polyclonal radioimmunoassay (SR) are useful for dissecting the etiology of clinical events, but they are a poor guide to dosage adjustments. In renal transplant patients immunosuppressed by low doses of prednisone and CS given orally, once-a-day TL (24-h...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Steady-state serum concentrations of quetiapine were recorded in 62 psychiatric patients under routine conditions. Doses were administered twice daily, and serum quetiapine levels were measured in the morning about 12 hours after the last dose. Eight patients were in monotherapy, whereas the rest received various addi...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-200410000-00005
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rapid and simultaneous determination of several analgesic antiinflammatory agents--ibuprofen, acetaminophen, indomethacin, and salicylic acid--in human serum was developed by using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) coupled with diode-array ultraviolet detection. After precipitation of serum protein with acetonitr...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-200310000-00006
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Solithromycin is a fourth-generation macrolide antibiotic with potential efficacy in pediatric community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies of solithromycin in pediatric subjects are limited, therefore application of minimally invasive drug sampling techniques, such as dried blood spo...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000670
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors evaluated an integrated approach for the screening of drugs in biosamples consisting of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of serum or whole blood (SB/GC-MS) and of high-performance liquid chromatographic and ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) analysis of urine with the REMEDi HS Biorad system (U/REM) (Bio-r...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-200106000-00018
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is commonly employed to optimize the dosing of certain drugs, including digoxin, aminoglycosides, theophylline, and phenytoin. Studies were reviewed in order to (a) evaluate the effect of TDM on the occurrence of toxic drug reactions (TDRs) and (b) identify factors that may modify or ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1097/00007691-199001000-00013
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method for analyzing flecainide in plasma was developed and assessed. Based on the use of C18 extraction columns eight or fewer times, the rapid and simple extraction procedure provided consistent, high-efficiency flecainide extraction (>85%). Using reverse-phase, high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorome...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199808000-00014
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Treatment with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against programmed cell death protein 1 receptor is subject to high variation in treatment outcome among cancer patients. For these agents, no exposure-response (ER) relationships have been investigated in routine health care settings. However, ER relationships hav...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000534
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aminoglycoside antibiotics gentamicin and tobramycin have been monitored traditionally by measuring peak and trough drug levels in serum. We found interpretation of these data to be hazardous, due to variations in the drug administration-specimen collection process and routine medical events and practices. We desc...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eight patients are described who displayed excessive concentrations of nortriptyline, imipramine, or clomipramine on routine blood level monitoring. Under these conditions, the patients did not respond to the treatment. All patients were markedly improved when the daily dosage of the antidepressant was reduced with a ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::For the accuracy of routine monitoring of digoxin and digitoxin it seems important to get information on the cross-reactivity of endogenous digitalis-like substances (EDLS). To obtain EDLS, urine was passed on Sep-Pak columns and eluted in fractions by increasing concentrations of acetonitrile. Dilution series of two ...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxicity from ingestion of the oleander plant is common. Oleandrin, the oleander glycoside, has structural similarity to cardiac glycoside digoxin and is known to cross react with various digoxin immunoassays. The authors studied the cross reactivity of oleandrin and its deglycosylated congener oleandrigenin with a fl...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007691-199708000-00017
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pentobarbital serum concentrations associated with a high-dose therapeutic regimen were determined using EMIT immunoassay reagents. Replicate analyses of serum controls resulted in a within-assay coefficient of variation of 5.0% and a between-assay coefficient of variation of 10%. Regression analysis of 44 serum sampl...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A model for predicting unbound concentrations of mycophenolic acid (MPA) was developed in 84 subjects and then tested in an independent group of 19 hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. Total and unbound MPA concentrations and total mycophenolic glucuronide concentrations were measured between weeks 1 and 4 posttr...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e318074d979
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pentobarbital is used for management of intractable seizures and for reducing elevated intracranial pressure. Dosing of pentobarbital can be aided by therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). There is no commercially available automated assay for measurement of pentobarbital serum/plasma concentrations; consequentl...
journal_title:Therapeutic drug monitoring
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000217
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00