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An interdisciplinary analysis of sex and gender in relation to the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:An increasing number of studies confirm that pathogenesis and prevalence of bronchial asthma are age and sex dependent. Detailed physiological mechanisms of the changing sex ratios with age are not fully known, however, the gender (socio-cultural) factors are also imperative. Although multiple factors definitely influence the pathogenesis of asthma, only individual or few combinations of these have been investigated. METHODS:The terms 'sex', 'gender' and plausible combinations of both were systematically researched in selected databases (Medline, Scopus) or other sources, including publications from January 2000 to June 2007. Generated articles were categorized, either as endogenous or exogenous factors influencing the pathogenesis of asthma, and divided into the following subgroups: genetic, immunological, hormonal, gynaecological, nutritional, and environmental parameters. RESULTS:An increasing number of studies investigate the influence of sex and gender in the aetiology, therapy and prevention of asthma. While their results are still debatable, others regarding its initiation, perpetuation and cessation have been clarified. Recent insights into interactions at biomolecular and immunological levels greatly contribute to clarifying sex-specific influences. Despite occasional oversimplifications, a trend for explanations considering the complex interplay of different factors can be observed. This work is in line with this trend and offers explanation models from our point of view. CONCLUSIONS:Some disagreements regarding the patho-physiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of asthma still prevail. Nevertheless, in order to better appreciate its complexity, openness to and persistent consideration for interdisciplinary as well as sex- and gender-related factors is required of the medical-research community in future investigations.

journal_name

Respir Med

journal_title

Respiratory medicine

authors

Lux R,Awa W,Walter U

doi

10.1016/j.rmed.2009.01.006

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2009-05-01 00:00:00

pages

637-49

issue

5

eissn

0954-6111

issn

1532-3064

pii

S0954-6111(09)00012-2

journal_volume

103

pub_type

杂志文章,评审

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