Abstract:
:Environmental pollutants, chemicals, and drugs have an impact on children's immune system development. Mexico City (MC) children exposed to significant concentrations of air pollutants exhibit chronic respiratory inflammation, systemic inflammation, neuroinflammation, and cognitive deficits. We tested the hypothesis that exposure to severe air pollution plays a role in the immune responses of asymptomatic, apparently healthy children. Blood measurements for markers of immune function, inflammatory mediators, and molecules interacting with the lipopolysaccharide recognition complex were obtained from two cohorts of matched children (aged 9.7 +/- 1.2 years) from southwest Mexico City (SWMC) (n = 66) and from a control city (n = 93) with criteria pollutant levels below current standards. MC children exhibited significant decreases in the numbers of natural killer cells (p = .003) and increased numbers of mCD14+ monocytes (p < .001) and CD8+ cells (p = .02). Lower concentrations of interferon gamma (p = .009) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (p < .001), an endotoxin tolerance-like state, systemic inflammation, and an anti-inflammatory response were also present in the highly exposed children. C-reactive protein and the prostaglandin E metabolite levels were positively correlated with twenty-four- and forty-eight-hour cumulative concentrations of PM(2.5). Exposure to urban air pollution is associated with immunodysregulation and systemic inflammation in children and is a major health threat.
journal_name
Toxicol Patholjournal_title
Toxicologic pathologyauthors
Calderón-Garcidueñas L,Macías-Parra M,Hoffmann HJ,Valencia-Salazar G,Henríquez-Roldán C,Osnaya N,Monte OC,Barragán-Mejía G,Villarreal-Calderon R,Romero L,Granada-Macías M,Torres-Jardón R,Medina-Cortina H,Maronpot RRdoi
10.1177/0192623308329340subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-02-01 00:00:00pages
161-9issue
2eissn
0192-6233issn
1533-1601pii
0192623308329340journal_volume
37pub_type
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