Abstract:
:Inflammatory bowel disease refers to a group of chronic diseases of unknown etiology related to both genetic and environmental factors. In this 1990-1993 study, the authors investigated associations between the content and quality of drinking water and the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease. They used data from a population-based cohort recruited in southeastern Norway and a registry of water quality derived from Norwegian waterworks that contained measurements of iron, aluminum, acidity (pH), color, turbidity, and coliform bacteria. The authors found that risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, was associated with high iron content. The relative risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease increased by 21% (95% confidence interval: 9, 34) when the iron content in the drinking water increased by 0.1 mg/L. They found no association between the diseases and aluminum in the water, color of the water, and turbidity of the water. The authors suggest that the observations can be explained by 2 mechanisms. First, high iron concentration works as a catalyst for oxidative stress, which will cause inflammation and/or increase the rate of cell mutations. Second, iron content stimulates the growth of bacteria and increases the likelihood of inappropriate immune responses in genetically predisposed individuals.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Aamodt G,Bukholm G,Jahnsen J,Moum B,Vatn MH,IBSEN Study Group.doi
10.1093/aje/kwn218subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-11-01 00:00:00pages
1065-72issue
9eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256pii
kwn218journal_volume
168pub_type
杂志文章,多中心研究abstract::Proportional hazards models measuring the effect of age at onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus on mortality risk are presented. The study population consisted of 924 insulin-dependent diabetic patients who were seen within 1 year of diagnosis at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh between 1950 and 1981 and were...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115804
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors tested, by molecular hybridization, for hepatitis B virus DNA in serum specimens of 182 asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) Greek carriers who were heterosexual partners of patients with acute hepatitis B (group A: 96 cases) or healthy subjects who were susceptible to hepatitis B (group B: 86 ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114698
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of residents in communities with high endemic concentrations of arsenic in drinking water suggest a deleterious effect on the circulatory system; however, studies among workers with high occupational exposures generally have shown either no or weak associations. This discrepancy could be a result of the health...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010185
更新日期:2000-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Infection plays a major role in the development of autoimmune diseases. In this study, we investigated the relationship between scrub typhus and systemic autoimmune diseases. We enrolled 6,928 hospitalized patients with scrub typhus between 2000 and 2012 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, and...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwz074
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Persons whose body fat is distributed predominantly in the abdomen compared with the hips are at increased risk of several chronic diseases. This study examined the cross-sectional relation of percent body fat, computed from skinfold thickness, and fat distribution, measured by the waist-to-hip girth ratio, to physiol...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115424
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports the results of an investigation of the acute effects of air pollution in 321 nonsmoking adults residing in Southern California. Previous epidemiologic investigations of effects of acute exposure to ozone have focused on groups who may not be representative of the general public, such as asthmatics o...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116729
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a 1995-1996 cohort study in the city of Dhaka, Bangladesh, morbidity in 117 hospitalized and 137 acute measles cases compared with age-matched children without measles (unexposed) was determined by weekly interview for 6 months. Compared with unexposed children, there were higher incidences of hospitalization (adju...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010267
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::From July 1, 1980 to December 2, 1982, all individuals at autopsy at the University of Michigan Medical Center greater than or equal to 65 years of age and selected individuals less than 65 years of age were examined for neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Sections of the hippocampal, parahippocampal tempora...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113897
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The long-term health consequences of war service remain unclear, despite burgeoning scientific interest. A longitudinal cohort study of a random sample of Australian Vietnam veterans was designed to assess veterans' postwar physical and mental health 36 years after the war (2005-2006) and to examine its relation to Ar...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwp146
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relation of oral contraceptive (OC) use to the risk of hospitalization for myocardial infarction (MI) was evaluated among 121,964 US nurses who responded to a mail questionnaire. There were 156 women who reported having been hospitalized for MI before the menopause, and 23 (15%) were OC users at the time of the MI...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112874
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The associations between alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking habits and the risk for colorectal adenomatous polyps according to the detailed clinical information about polyps were assessed in a large colonoscopy-based study. The study enrolled participants who visited the National Cancer Center of the Republic o...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr098
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since 1963, the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), formerly the Cholera Research Laboratory, has maintained a field station in Matlab to treat patients from a surveillance population of 240,000 who have cholera and other diarrheal diseases. Since 1966, the authors have analyzed...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113498
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Public health recommendations promote physical activity to improve health and longevity. Recent data suggest that the association between physical activity and mortality may be due to genetic selection. Using data on twins, the authors investigated whether genetic selection explains the association between physical ac...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwm132
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although erectile dysfunction is frequently seen in patients with manifestations of arteriosclerotic disease, the independent contribution of serum cholesterol in predicting erectile dysfunction is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between serum cholesterol and erectile dysfunction. Medical hi...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117181
更新日期:1994-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is an important, avoidable factor associated with low birth weight. Maternal age is also associated with variations in birth weight. Using birth certificate data from all 347,650 singleton births for which maternal age and birth weight were recorded during 1984-1988 in Washington Sta...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116940
更新日期:1994-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) may influence fetal growth. Offspring birth weight related to maternal IGF-I and IGFBP-1 measured in pregnancy was studied in 368 randomly selected women without preeclampsia who delivered a singl...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr067
更新日期:2011-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::A serologic survey in 1983-1984 evaluated the presence of hepatitis A antibody (anti-HAV) and hepatitis A immunoglobulin M antibody (anti-HAV IgM) in 3,251 adults and 811 children in the jungle and coastal areas of Peru. All subjects were asymptomatic. Adults had a 98% positive anti-HAV rate except for naval cadets, w...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114354
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The occurrence of cancer of the corpus uteri in Denmark is examined by the use of data from the Danish Cancer Registry. The study population consists of 14,149 cases diagnosed with cancer of the corpus uteri between 1943 and 1980. Since 1943, the incidence has been steadily increasing. The trend in the incidence rates...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113793
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Levels of exposure biomarkers vary among individuals because of differences in both environmental exposure and metabolism. However, the ultimate interest is in providing information about the impact of modifying environmental exposures through regulation or behavior change. Using these levels in studies of pregnancy o...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwt314
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selenium is a trace element associated with antioxidant activity and is considered to be a protective agent against free radicals through enhanced enzyme activity. Studies on selenium and cognitive function or Alzheimer's disease have yielded inconsistent results. A cross-sectional survey of 2,000 rural Chinese aged 6...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwk073
更新日期:2007-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::During a three-week period in 1984, 339 tourists and expatriate employees with diarrhea visited the infirmary at a Caribbean resort club. Epidemiologic studies suggested that over 60% of the 1,893 tourists at the resort club during that time may have been ill. Shigella flexneri 4a was isolated from seven of 18 stool s...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114755
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Death rarely results from only one cause, and it can be caused by a variety of factors. Multiple cause-of-death data files can list as many as 20 contributing causes of death in addition to the reported underlying cause of death. Analysis of multiple cause-of-death data can provide information on associations between ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwm037
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimentally, high-carbohydrate diets have been shown to elevate triglycerides, but it has not been established whether this rise is permanent or transient. The authors approached this question by studying 719 boys from worldwide populations with marked differences in long-term carbohydrate intake. Fasting serum tri...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115497
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study investigated the prevalence of antibodies to five leading agents of childhood respiratory disease in the county of Huixquilucan, Mexico. Tests of sera from a random sample of children between 3 months and 18 years of age confirmed serologically the presence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, respiratory syncytial (RS...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112113
更新日期:1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of confidence intervals has become standard in the presentation of statistical results in medical journals. Calculation of confidence limits can be straightforward using the normal approximation with an estimate of the standard error, and in particular cases exact solutions can be obtained from published table...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009523
更新日期:1998-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::To further our understanding of the relation between mood and menopause, the authors examined 1) the association between persistent mood symptoms and menopausal status and 2) factors that increase a woman's vulnerability to an overall dysphoric mood during the early perimenopausal period. The sample consisted of an et...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwg155
更新日期:2003-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Medical devices play a vital role in diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases and are an integral part of the health-care system. Many devices, including implantable medical devices, enter the market through a regulatory pathway that was not designed to assure safety and effectiveness. Several recent studies and ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwu206
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case-control study of women less than 40 years of age in England and Wales was performed to evaluate the risk of fatal stroke associated with the use of the newer, low-dose oral contraceptives. Included were 296 cases with subarachnoid hemorrhage, 105 cases with other hemorrhagic stroke, and 21 cases with occlusive ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116418
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies in the United States have indicated that maternal first trimester smoking and infant transforming growth factor alpha (TGFA) locus mutations are associated with non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) and that a synergistic effect of these two risk factors occurs. Based on a Danish case-control study of CL...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009799
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between injurious falls requiring hospitalization and selected classes of medications was examined in a case-control study of nursing home residents. Information for this study was obtained exclusively from four computerized administrative databases. Over the period from April 1987 to March 1992, a tot...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/145.8.738
更新日期:1997-04-15 00:00:00