Abstract:
:In the nineties, the present author developed a didactic endothelium dysfunction classification based on personal experience while waiting for a consensus about the need of such an accomplishment. As time went by and no publications regarding this subject were released, he published a text entitled "An open discussion about endothelial dysfunction: is it timely to propose a classification? Eight years later and the question about endothelium dysfunction classification remains "an open discussion". Nevertheless, we still keep using our proposed classification although always questioning its suitability and wondering reasons for why the scientific communities avoid discussing this very subject. Based on these thoughts we attempted to hypothesize the causes of why this proposed discussion is not an inciting issue: (I) First hypothesis: An endothelium dysfunction classification is not important; (II) Second hypothesis: Such classification is still a "premature reductionism"; (III) Third hypothesis: Endothelium dysfunction is a multifaceted disorder and involves uncountable variations becoming impossible to propose an adequate classification; (IV) Fourth hypothesis: Vasoplegic syndrome and massive nitric oxide release accounts for the functional classification, thus, it seems that cardiovascular journals feel apprehensive about this since their point of view is closely associated with impaired endothelium nitric oxide release as a cause to increased risk of spasm and thrombosis and; (V) Fifth hypothesis: The classification is so fulfilling that it discards the need of discussion or the pioneer attitude to propose such classification has incited some degree of jealousy. Obviously, the fifth hypothesis is pretentiously and overwhelmed, but we again attempt to reopen this discussion because it is time to update the presented classification. In this manner, we are sure that this issue demands special attention of the scientific community. Therefore, the aim of this text is exclusively to "reopen" the discussion about the need of an effective endothelium dysfunction classification.
journal_name
Int J Cardioljournal_title
International journal of cardiologyauthors
Evora PR,Baldo CF,Celotto AC,Capellini VKdoi
10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.05.031subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-10-02 00:00:00pages
175-6issue
2eissn
0167-5273issn
1874-1754pii
S0167-5273(08)00743-2journal_volume
137pub_type
信件abstract::A 60-year-old male patient with ischemic cardiomyopathy experienced an electrical storm 1 month after implantation of an internal cardioverter-defibrillator. Recurrent life-threatening episodes of ventricular tachycardia persisted despite maximal antiarrhythmic theraphy with amiodarone, metoprolol and mexiletine. Afte...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2003.11.033
更新日期:2005-03-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Atrial electrophysiological abnormalities have previously been reported in Brugada syndrome. We investigated the incidence and electrocardiographic predictors of atrial fibrillation (AF) in a Chinese cohort of Brugada syndrome patients. METHODS:A retrospective study of Brugada syndrome patients admitted to ...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.05.007
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifteen patients with uncomplicated mild to moderate primary hypertension (7 males, 8 females, age range 36-65 years) were submitted to a double blind randomized crossover study, receiving MgO 3 times a day at a daily dose of 1.0 g (600 mg/day of magnesium) and placebo for a period of 6 weeks. This was to test the eff...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0167-5273(96)02716-7
更新日期:1996-10-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Abnormal left ventricular (LV) structure and diastolic function are frequently detected in a variety of heart diseases, and insulin resistance has been suggested to be associated with LV diastolic dysfunction (LVDD). The aims of this study were to determine the association between LVDD or LV structure and me...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.02.039
更新日期:2012-08-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:During the last few years, several different devices have been proposed for atrial septal defect (ASD) percutaneous closure. For the Amplatzer Septal Occluder (ASO) device, accurate balloon sizing is considered of paramount importance because the prosthesis waist has to be exactly adjusted to the defect diam...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2003.04.022
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hypertension, type 2 diabetes and other cardiovascular diseases, all risk factors for atrial fibrillation, are associated with birth weight. It remains unclear, however, whether risk of atrial fibrillation is also associated with birth weight. We investigated the associations of birth weight and preterm birt...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.10.138
更新日期:2015-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with a substantially increased risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. We examined the contribution of length of residence, socioeconomic position and lifestyle-related factors to the differences in the prevalence of MetS among migrants compared with Finns. METH...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.01.051
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess whether infarct size, ischemic area and/or survival correlates with circulating atrial natriuretic peptides (long acting sodium stimulator, vessel dilator, or atrial natriuretic factor), these peptides were measured in a canine model of acute myocardial infarction. Elevations in the circulating concentration...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0167-5273(94)02192-l
更新日期:1995-01-06 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To investigate the role of mesoderm/mesenchyme homeobox gene l (Meox1) in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) phenotypic modulation during vascular remodeling. METHODS AND RESULTS:By using immunostaining, Western blot, and histological analyses, we found that Meox1 was up-regulated in PDGF-BB-treated SMCs in vitr...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.10.098
更新日期:2018-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are implanted in patients with end-stage heart failure (ESHF) as a mechanical support for the failing myocardium, which is characterized by an activation of the neuro-hormonal system, with release of vasoactive mediators, such as endothelin (ET)-1 and relaxin (RLX)-2. T...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.02.058
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Both uric acid and endothelial dysfunction are associated with new occurrence of type-2 diabetes but, at this moment, there is no evidence about a possible interaction between them. We tested, in untreated hypertensive patients, without clinical evidence of vascular damage, the hypothesis that serum uric aci...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.12.065
更新日期:2013-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Acute myocardial infarction during pregnancy is rare but may be associated with high risk complications. We present a very rare case about an acute myocardial infarction with anterior ST elevation in a 40-year-old woman, at 38th week of gestational period. The coronary arteriograms showed a diffuse left coronary vasos...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 信件,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2006.01.016
更新日期:2007-01-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pulmonary endothelial damage has a negative impact on the maintenance of normal pulmonary vascular function. Such damage results in delayed thrombus dissolution and vascular remodeling in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Although endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may be incorporated i...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.07.017
更新日期:2020-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular disease and major cardiovascular events represent main cause of death in both acute and chronic kidney disease patients. Kidney and heart failure are common and frequently co-exist; this organ - organ interaction, also called organ cross-talk led to well-known definition of cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). H...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.156
更新日期:2017-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Multiple studies have sought to determine variables associated with improved "response" to cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT). Such variables, however, are often derived from inadequately controlled, single center cohort studies calling external validity into question. We sought to determine predictors o...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.09.078
更新日期:2016-12-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ghrelin, was observed to have treatment-potential for severe chronic heart failure (CHF) and cardiac cachexia based on anti-cachectic and cardio-protective effects. METHODS:We performed two studies to assess the effects of human ghrelin on food intake, body weight and body composition, as well as heart func...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.06.094
更新日期:2009-11-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to the apoptotic cell death in the myocardium, thereby playing a critical role in the development of cardiomyopathy. ER stress has been reported to be induced after high-fat diet feeding in mice and also after saturated fatty acid treatment in vitro. Ther...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.03.176
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Underuse of anticoagulants in ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and/or rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a global concern, especially in China. However, the extent to which anticoagulants are underused in AF and/or RHD-related ischemic stroke in China has not been well charact...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.08.046
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The short-term effects of early statin therapy in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) on clinical outcomes remain unclear. Our objective was to update the evidence on patient relevant outcomes from all randomized trials comparing early statin therapy with placebo or usual care at 1 and 4 months following ACS. ME...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.01.033
更新日期:2012-06-28 00:00:00
abstract::We reviewed the reports of 27 patients who had an aortic valve replacement after previous coronary artery bypass grafting. The aortic valve disease -- mainly aortic stenosis -- showed a rapid rate of progression. In the time interval between coronary artery bypass grafting and aortic valve replacement of 4.6+/-2.2 yea...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0167-5273(98)00018-7
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) therapy has been reported to have beneficial effects in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI); however, its impact on in-hospital mortality remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ANP therapy on in-hospital mortality in AMI patients undergoin...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.07.159
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The trends in the IHD mortality rates vary widely across countries, reflecting the heterogeneity in the variation of the exposure to the main risk factors and in the access to different management strategies among settings. We aimed to identify model-based patterns in the time trends in IHD mortality in 50 c...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.11.004
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the increasing number of reports on lipomatous hypertrophy of interatrial septum, a standardization of measurement of the dimensions of the interatrial septum (IAS) in the different phases of cardiac cycle has not been reported. Moreover, no data on modification of thickness with age and in specific ...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0167-5273(95)02403-j
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hypertension (HTN) is the most prevalent co-morbidity among atrial fibrillation (AF) patients; the relationship between the two is bidirectional, with an incremental effect on adverse outcomes. PURPOSE:To study clinical features, treatment patterns and 1year outcomes amongst AF patients with HTN in the EURO...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.10.092
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The present meta-analysis aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of more recent computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) with invasive coronary angiography (ICA) in the assessment of graft patency after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). MATERIAL AND METHODS:A systematic review was performed...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.06.264
更新日期:2016-10-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Our previous findings revealed that increased oxidative stress, apoptosis and necrosis were implicated in acute fluoride (F-) induced cardiac dysfunction apart from hypocalcemia and hyperkalemia. Cardiac intermediate filaments (desmin and vimentin) and cytoskeleton linker molecule vinculin plays an imperativ...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.221
更新日期:2017-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::We analyzed structural motifs of peptides bound to HLA-DR4 (DRB1*0405 and DRB1*0406) and DR9 (DRB1*0901) and found that: (a) AxxBxC motif where A, B, and C are hydrophobic, hydrophobic, and neutral, respectively, is important for binding to DR4; (b) Gln (Q) or Ser at position C allow high-affinity binding specific to ...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0167-5273(96)88776-6
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The risk of surgical treatment of tetralogy of Fallot was analyzed with multivariate statistical techniques in a recent surgical series (1975-1983) of 159 corrected and 59 palliated patients. The overall mortality of correction was 12.6% and that of palliation was 15.3%. The significant and independent risk factors th...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0167-5273(85)90398-5
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Titanium dioxide (TiO2) films have superior biocompatibility and may be effective as drug-binding matrices for drug-eluting stents (DESs). We sought to evaluate efficacy of a polymer-free DES coated with everolimus using nitrogen-doped TiO2 film deposition in a porcine coronary restenosis model. METHODS:For...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.07.275
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this large retrospective study was to provide a logistic risk model along an additive score to predict early mortality after surgical treatment of patients with heart valve or prosthesis infective endocarditis (IE). METHODS:From 2000 to 2015, 2715 patients with native valve endocarditis (NVE) or ...
journal_title:International journal of cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.03.148
更新日期:2017-08-15 00:00:00