Abstract:
:Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins of the Achaete/Scute (Ac/Sc) family are required for neurogenesis in both Drosophila and vertebrates. These transcription factors are commonly referred to as 'proneural' factors, as they promote neural fate in many contexts. Although Ac/Sc proteins have been studied in Hydra, jellyfish, many insects, and several vertebrates, the role of these proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans neurogenesis is relatively uncharacterized. The C. elegans genome consists of three Ac/Sc genes, previously identified as hlh-3, hlh-6, and hlh-14. Here, we characterize the role of hlh-3 in nervous system development. Although hlh-3 appears to be expressed in all neural precursors, we find that hlh-3 null mutants have a mostly functional nervous system. However, these mutants are egg-laying defective, resulting from a block in differentiation of the HSN motor neurons. Detectable HSNs have misdirected axon projection, which appears to result from a lack of netrin signaling within the HSNs. Thus, our findings suggest a novel link between Ac/Sc bHLH proteins and the expression of genes required for proper interpretation of axon guidance cues. Lastly, based on sequence identity, expression pattern, and a role in neural differentiation, hlh-3 is most likely an ortholog of Drosophila asense.
journal_name
Mech Devjournal_title
Mechanisms of developmentauthors
Doonan R,Hatzold J,Raut S,Conradt B,Alfonso Adoi
10.1016/j.mod.2008.06.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-09-01 00:00:00pages
883-93issue
9-10eissn
0925-4773issn
1872-6356pii
S0925-4773(08)00079-8journal_volume
125pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In bovine preimplantation development, female embryos progress at lower rates and originate smaller blastocysts than male counterparts. Although sex-specific gene expression patterns are reported, when and how sex dimorphism is established is not clear. Differences among female and male early development can be useful...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2015.12.001
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adrenergic differentiation of sympathetic neurons is controlled by complex interactions with the embryonic environment. To provide a basis for the experimental analysis of these interactions, the expression of the adrenergic marker enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and in situ h...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0925-4773(95)00396-i
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haploinsufficiency for the HMG-box transcription factor SOX2 results in abnormalities of the human ventral forebrain and its derivative structures. These defects include anophthalmia (absence of eye), microphthalmia (small eye) and hypothalamic hamartoma (HH), an overgrowth of the ventral hypothalamus. To determine ho...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2012.04.001
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Dan gene was first identified as the putative rat tumor suppressor gene and encodes a protein structurally related to Cerberus and Gremlin in vertebrates. Xenopus DAN, as with Cerberus and Gremlin, was demonstrated to block bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling by binding BMPs, and to be capable of inducing a...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(01)00522-6
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::extramacrochaetae (emc) functions during many developmental processes in Drosophila, such as sensory organ formation, sex determination, wing vein differentiation, regulation of eye photoreceptor differentiation, cell proliferation and development of the Malpighian tubules, trachea and muscles in the embryo. It encode...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2005.05.002
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The maturation of T cells is an intricate process involving the interaction of developing thymocytes with discrete microenvironments within the thymus. Numerous studies have indicated that distinct thymic compartments provide signals required for each stage of thymocyte maturation. In this study we performed a compreh...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(03)00121-7
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using the epidermis-specific cytokeratin 14 promoter to deliver HGF exclusively from epidermal keratinocytes, we have examined the potential of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) secreted from the normal environment to control morphogenesis. The transgenic mice displayed a significant increase of the number of melanocytes...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00308-7
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adhesion differences are the main driver of cell sorting and related processes such as boundary formation or tissue positioning. In the early amphibian embryo, graded variations in cadherin density and localized expression of adhesion-modulating factors are associated with regional differences in adhesive properties i...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2016.09.003
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unfertilized eggs of Oryzias latipes were artificially inseminated and incubated at 26+/-1 degrees C. Careful observation of the process of embryonic development by light microscopy allowed division of the process into 39 stages based on diagnostic features of the developing embryos. The principal diagnostic features ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2004.03.012
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::When an amphibian limb, cockroach leg or Drosophila imaginal disc is subjected to a surgical operation, it is capable of regenerating or duplicating certain parts. Although the structure of the regenerated tissue varies depending on the location and mass of the amputated or transplanted part, it can be predicted from ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0925-4773(92)90043-j
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::T-box genes constitute a conserved multi-gene family with important roles in many developmental processes. In this report, we describe the cloning and expression analysis of a novel mouse T-box gene, Tbx20. Expression is prominent in the extraembryonic mesoderm, in the developing heart, the eye anlage and motor neuron...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00499-8
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bHLH protein eHAND is a sensitive marker for cardiovascular precursors in the Xenopus embryo. The earliest site of expression is a broad domain within the lateral plate mesoderm of the tailbud embryo. This domain comprises precursors that contribute to the posterior cardinal veins in later stages. Surprisingly, ex...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(98)00010-0
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using in situ hybridization on whole-mounts and sections of mouse embryos we have visualized the pattern of expression for the Eph receptor ligand ephrin-A5. Non neuronal expression domains include the ectoderm of the branchial arches, the ectoderm and mesenchyme surrounding the dorsal root ganglia, the intervertebral...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00252-5
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several lines of evidence suggest that the origin of pattern formation of Drosophila embryos must be traced back to oogenesis, to the polarity of the egg chamber. A few early-acting genes, K10, top, grk and cni, have been identified which are assumed to function in a signal transduction process between the germline oo...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0925-4773(93)90041-u
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The selective sensitivity of cells to programmed cell death (PCD) depends on the positive and negative death-inducing signals that converge into the apoptotic pathway. In Drosophila, the midline glial (MG) cells undergo selective death during development. Here, we show that the long isoform of the RNA-binding protein ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2008.10.004
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chick dermis is known to control the formation of feathers and interfeathery skin in a hexagonal pattern. The evidence that the segregation of two types of fibroblasts involves Delta/Notch signalling is based on three facts. Rings of C-Delta-1-expressing fibroblasts precede and delimit the forming feather primordi...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(98)00027-6
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maleless (mle) is essential in Drosophila melanogaster males both in somatic cells and in germ cells. In somatic cells mle is necessary for X-chromosome dosage compensation. The role of mle in the germline is unknown. We have analyzed the expression pattern and localization of MLE, the other MSLs and acetylated isofor...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(98)00009-4
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::During early vertebrate development, a series of neuromeres divides the central nervous system from the forebrain to the spinal cord. Here we examine in more detail the expression of Wnt-3, a member of the Wnt gene family of secreted proteins, in the developing diencephalon, in comparison to the expression of the home...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0925-4773(92)90042-i
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hair cell (HC) and supporting cell (SC) productions are completed during early embryonic development of the mammalian cochlea. This study shows that acutely dissociated cells from the newborn rat organ of Corti, developed into so-called otospheres consisting of 98% nestin (+) cells when plated on a non-adherent substr...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(01)00642-6
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To elucidate roles of fibroblast growth factors (FGF)18 during vertebrate development, we examined expression patterns of Fgf18 in chick embryos and observed effects of FGF18 protein on the Hensen's node, isthmus, and limb buds. Fgf18 is expressed on the right side of the node before the expression of Fgf8 starts. FGF...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00331-2
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the Drosophila embryo the nuclear localisation of Dorsal, a member of the Rel family, is regulated by an extracellular signal, which is transmitted to the interior of the egg cell by a cascade of proteins involving the novel protein Tube and the protein kinase Pelle. Here we analyse the activation mechanism of Tube...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(98)00236-6
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The odd-skipped (odd) gene encodes a zinc finger protein that represses other segmentation genes in the early Drosophila embryo. Though odd is initially expressed in a striped pattern that reflects its function within the segmentation hierarchy, it is also expressed in a variety of patterns during later stages of embr...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00389-0
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The homeotic or Hox genes encode a network of conserved transcription factors which provide axial positional information and control segment morphology in development and evolution. During embryonic brain development of Drosophila, the Hox gene labial (lab) is essential for tritocerebral neuromere specification; lab l...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2005.09.004
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Directional migration of primordial germ cells (PGCs) toward future gonads is a common feature in many animals. In zebrafish, mouse and chicken, SDF-1/CXCR4 chemokine signaling has been shown to have an important role in PGC migration. In Xenopus, SDF-1 is expressed in several regions in embryos including dorsal mesod...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2009.09.005
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Xenopus and zebrafish, BMP2, 4 and 7 have been implicated, after the onset of zygotic expression, in inducing and maintaining ventro-lateral cell fate during early development. We provide evidence here that a maternally expressed bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), Radar, may control early ventral specification in ze...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00470-6
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of skeletal muscle in vertebrate embryos is controlled by a transcriptional cascade involving the four myogenic regulatory factors. In the somites of the mouse embryo the order of expression is thought to be Myf5, Myogenin, Mrf4 and MyoD. We have re-examined the expression pattern of Mrf4 and show that...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(02)00208-3
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Xenopus embryos in solutions containing suramin show a dose-dependent decrease in the formation of dorsoanterior structures. Continuous treatment with 1 mM suramin produces embryos without mesodermal derivatives but with mesenchymal cells. Brief immersions of 20 min were used to determine the most sensitive stages and...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0925-4773(94)90054-x
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have identified a novel chicken gene, cMespo, which encodes a basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) protein with sequence homology to a subgroup of bHLH transcription factors that have been implicated in somitogenesis. cMespo transcripts are first found in the primitive streak of gastrulating chick embryos (HH stage 4) and...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00424-x
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Induction of the retinoic acid receptor beta 2 (RAR beta 2) gene by retinoic acid (RA) is mediated by a RA response element (RARE), which represents a high affinity binding site for RAR/RXR heterodimers acting at this site as RA-inducible transcription activators. In RA resistant RAC65 cells, RAR beta 2 induction is b...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0925-4773(93)90075-9
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell fate specification during inner ear development is dependent upon regional gene expression within the otic vesicle. One of the earliest cell fate determination steps in this system is the specification of neural precursors, and regulators of this process include the Atonal-related basic helix-loop-helix genes, Ng...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2004.12.011
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00