Abstract:
:The prevalence of different HIV-1 subtypes in Spain varies by geographic region. In the present study isolates were collected from 72 newly diagnosed individuals in western Andalucia from 2004 to 2006. Viral sequences were amplified and the subtype diversity and prevalence of resistance mutations in the reverse transcriptase and protease genes were determined. The results presented here demonstrate that subtype B virus predominates in this region (88.9%), with the non-B subtypes CRF02_AG (9.7%) and B/G (1.4%) also present. Only two isolates (2.9%) carried resistance mutations in the reverse transcriptase gene and none of the isolates had major resistance mutations in the protease gene. Minor mutations in the protease gene were more prevalent with 86.1% of isolates containing at least one minor mutation. These results elucidate the subtype diversity present in this region and suggest that the transmission of highly resistant virus variants does not occur at a high frequency in this population.
journal_name
AIDS Res Hum Retrovirusesjournal_title
AIDS research and human retrovirusesauthors
McConnell MJ,Docobo-Pérez F,Mata RC,Fernandez-Cuenca F,Viciana P,López-Cortés LF,Trastoy M,Pachón J,Pérez-Romero Pdoi
10.1089/aid.2008.0051subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-06-01 00:00:00pages
881-7issue
6eissn
0889-2229issn
1931-8405journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract::HIV was first described in Kenya in 1984-1985. Currently, Kenya has an estimated HIV-1 prevalence of 6.2%. With the introduction of antiretroviral drugs, the survival of most HIV patients has been prolonged markedly. However, this is greatly threatened by increasing rates of antiretroviral dug resistance, which may ev...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2015.0026
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In India Kaposi's sarcoma is rarely seen in AIDS patients. Hence the current belief is that the incidence of human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) is very low in this subcontinent, most probably due to the heterosexual route of HIV transmission. However, there is a scarcity of data on the prevalence of HHV-8 in India. In India ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2014.0184
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The HIV-1 subtype distribution in 83 HIV-1-seropositive individuals living in Greece was investigated by using the heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA), DNA sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. The results revealed that partial HIV-1 gp120 sequences from 71 (86%) patients were subtype B, 5 (6%) were subtype A, 4 were s...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.685
更新日期:1998-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Il28B single nucleotide polymorphisms were found to influence interferon λ expression, resulting in changes in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-RNA serum levels as well as the HIV-RNA set point prior to combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). To date, there is limited information on the influence of this polymorphism on surviv...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2011.0354
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abstract In southern Brazil, CRF31_BC is the major HIV-1 recombinant form and URFs_BC occurs very infrequently. The near full-length genomes of four samples displaying a similar recombination profile in the integrase region and different profiles in the protease/reverse transcriptase regions were analyzed to elucidate...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2009.0167
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We sought to predict virus coreceptor utilization using a simple bioinformatics method based on genotypic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 (HIV-1) env V3 loop sequences of 28 infected but drug-naive women during pregnancy and their infected infants and to better understand coreceptor usage in vertical ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2010.0142
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Characterization of HIV-1 from slow progressors is important to facilitate vaccine and antiviral drug development. To identify virus attenuations that may contribute to slower rates of disease progression, the full-length viral genomes from primary isolates of six slow progressing HIV-positive children were sequenced....
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2009.0080
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 outbreaks in Guangxi Province, southern China were initiated from two separate border cities in 1996 and 1997. Drug users in Pingxiang City, which borders Vietnam, were infected with CRF01_AE HIV-1, and drug users in Baise City, which borders Yunan Province, were infected with a novel B/C recombinant HIV-1. Sinc...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/08892220252779719
更新日期:2002-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Retroviruses have been suggested as possible pathogenic factors in multiple sclerosis (MS), supported by the observation that endogenous retroviruses are activated in MS patients. Different members of the herpes family of which several are neurotropic have also been suggested as factors in MS pathogenesis. Further, in...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922204323048168
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/08892220260190353
更新日期:2002-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::A model system was established for studies of humoral and cellular immunity to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigens after vaccination. Macaques (Macaca fascicularis) were immunized with purified HIV, an infected cell extract rich in gp120 or polypeptides of cloned genes representing parts of p24, gp41, and gp12...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1988.4.199
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Raltegravir, a novel HIV-1 integrase inhibitor, has superior efficacy with optimized background treatment (OBT) vs. placebo + OBT in treatment-experienced HIV-1 patients. This study assessed the long-term cost effectiveness of raltegravir from a Spanish National Healthcare System perspective. A cohort-state-transition...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2008.0254
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that coinfection of the human T lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) chronically infected cell line MT4 with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) results in cells which spontaneously activate complement via the classical pathway. This complement activation was antibody independent, ye...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1991.7.579
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using blood samples from primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) patients obtained in Lyon, France, we characterized the newly transmitted HIV-1 variants in this area during the 1992-1996 period. As PHI samples allowed the precise timing of the transmission event, we were able to date the introduction of non-B subtypes or recom...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/0889222041524607
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enhancement of immunity in the setting of HIV infection is difficult owing to loss of functional CD4+ T cells. The MHC class II-deficient mouse (II-/-) environment simulates that of the immunocompromised HIV-infected individual, since these mice have low CD4+ T cell numbers, defective CD4-dependent responses, and are ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.1263
更新日期:1998-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::As antiretroviral therapy continues to scale-up in developing countries, there is concern that high levels of HIV drug resistance to antiretroviral drugs will occur. Here we describe rates of emergence of HIV-1 drug resistance and factors associated with their occurrence among adults who received antiretroviral therap...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2008.0273
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested the effect of three linear or two loop peptides derived from the V3 region of the HTLV-III BH10 clone or the SF2 strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 on IL-2-driven T cell proliferation. V3-BH10, which consists of 42 amino acids and has a loop structure, suppressed IL-2-driven proliferation of all I...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1997.13.151
更新日期:1997-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical significance of the reduced in vitro susceptibility of HIV to antiretroviral agents has been difficult to elucidate for nucleoside analogs such as zidovudine. However, the virological significance of resistance to nevirapine and other HIV-1-specific reverse transcriptase inhibitors has been established. W...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/aid.1994.10.901
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Women are now becoming the pivot of the epidemiological spread of HIV infection worldwide, especially in developing countries. Therefore, research to develop an efficient microbicide is now a priority for the prevention of HIV-1 acquisition in exposed women. However, recent disappointing failures in microbicide clinic...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2012.0049
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies have shown a low frequency of HIV-1 protease drug resistance mutations in patients failing protease inhibitor (PI)-based therapy. Recent studies have identified mutations in Gag as an alternate pathway for PI drug resistance in subtype B viruses. We therefore genotyped the Gag and protease genes from 20 HIV-1 ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2014.0349
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated associations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D) levels in a cohort of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected men at risk for infection in the United States. Stored samples collected between 1999 and 2008 were tested for vitamin D metabolites between 2014 and 2015. Vit...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1089/AID.2016.0144
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some genomic elements of the multicopy HERV-W endogenous retroviral family have been previously identified in databases. One of them, located on chromosome 7, contains a single complete open reading frame (ORF) putatively encoding an envelope protein. We have experimentally investigated the genomic complexity and codi...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922200308738
更新日期:2000-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemic modeling suggests that a major scale-up in HIV treatment could have a dramatic impact on HIV incidence. This has led both researchers and policymakers to set a goal of an "AIDS-Free Generation." One of the greatest obstacles to achieving this objective is the number of people with undiagnosed HIV infection. D...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/AID.2013.0274
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differences in the extent of genetic diversity have been observed in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) envelope sequences early in infection, and this has been linked to gender and to modifiable exogenous factors such as hormonal contraceptive use and genital tract infections. But it is unclear whether envel...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2006.22.430
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates differ in their use of coreceptors to enter target cells. This has important implications for both viral pathogenicity and susceptibility to entry inhibitors, recently approved or under development. Predicting HIV-1 coreceptor usage on the basis of sequence informat...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2008.0039
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemokine receptors are molecules involved in the fusion of immunodeficiency viruses after their attachment. As chimpanzees are the animal model for infection by HIV-1, we cloned and sequenced chimpanzee CXCR4 and CCR5 from PBMCs. Chimpanzee CXCR4 was found to be identical to human CXCR4, which provides an explanation...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1997.13.1583
更新日期:1997-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::This randomized, open-labeled, multicenter study was designed to assess safety and pharmacokinetics of dronabinol (Marinol) tablets and megestrol acetate (Megace) micronized tablets, alone and in combination, for treatment of HIV wasting syndrome. Weight and quality of life data were also collected. Fifty-two patients...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/aid.1997.13.305
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genetic diversity of HIV-1 is well documented. Except for the HIV-1 isolate LAV-1BRU, no nucleic acid sequence of a European isolate of HIV-1 has been published to date. To further investigate the extent of the genetic variability and the evolution of HIV-1, we have isolated, cloned, and subsequently sequenced HIV...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1990.6.813
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In HIV-infected persons, certain HLA class I alleles are associated with effective control of viremia, while others are associated with rapid disease progression. Among the most divergent clinical outcomes are the relatively good prognosis in HLA-B*5801 expressing persons and poor prognosis with HLA-B*5802. These two ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2007.0124
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although suppression of HIV-1 RNA below the limit of detection is associated with optimal outcomes, many patients can maintain or increase their CD4(+) count for prolonged time periods in the presence of persistent low-level viremia. We followed seven patients with prolonged (>5 years) discordant CD4(+)/viral load (VL...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2005.21.13
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00