Abstract:
:Demonstration of efflux of ethidium bromide (EtBr) has been made for over 30 bacterial species, usually by showing enhanced efflux in multidrug-resistant strains that was then abolished by inactivating efflux pumps. Here we present a relatively simple automated method that employs EtBr as an efflux pump substrate for the demonstration of intrinsic efflux activity in Escherichia coli K-12 AG100. The method uses the Rotor-Gene 3000 instrument for real-time fluorometric measurement of EtBr accumulation under conditions that limit energy (absence of glucose, low temperature) and of EtBr extrusion under optimum conditions. The method can be used for screening compound libraries for efflux inhibiting capacity.
journal_name
Int J Antimicrob Agentsjournal_title
International journal of antimicrobial agentsauthors
Viveiros M,Martins A,Paixão L,Rodrigues L,Martins M,Couto I,Fähnrich E,Kern WV,Amaral Ldoi
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.12.015subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-05-01 00:00:00pages
458-62issue
5eissn
0924-8579issn
1872-7913pii
S0924-8579(08)00032-0journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The treatment of bloodstream infections remains a significant challenge, with persisting high mortality and morbidity. To optimize antimicrobial therapy, the clinician must possess knowledge of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of commonly used antimicrobials, and how these parameters may be affected ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0924-8579(09)70568-0
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Norvancomycin is an antibiotic that has been approved for the treatment of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant Gram-positive bacteria and has been used in China for more than a decade. However, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) penetration of norvancomycin has not been evaluated. The aims of the study were (i) to in...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
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doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.01.014
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coxiella burnetii is the bacterial agent of Q fever in humans. Acute Q fever generally manifests as a flu-like illness and is typically self-resolving. In contrast, chronic Q fever usually presents with endocarditis and is often life-threatening without appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Unfortunately, available optio...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.05.017
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to evaluate the potential role of fosfomycin as a therapeutic agent in human listeriosis. The in vitro activity of fosfomycin against 154 Listeria monocytogenes clinical isolates under conditions that mimic the induction of prfA expression was determined and was correlated with fosfomycin intra...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.10.018
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two hundred and twenty-eight episodes of infective endocarditis in adult patients (mean age 36 years) were reviewed retrospectively. There were 183 episodes (80%) of native valve, 15 (7%) early prosthetic valve and 30 (13%) late prosthetic valve endocarditis. The most common predisposing factor was rheumatic valvular ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(01)00344-2
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are among the most difficult to treat emerging multidrug-resistant organisms. Major limitations exist in surveillance needed to address CRE, particularly in areas with inadequate resources. We utilised optimised strategies to search for data on carbapenem susceptibility of...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.05.019
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most important pathogen in the human herpes family for immunocompromised hosts. Recognition and monitoring of CMV disease has been improved due to development of four quantitative laboratory assays for CMV: antigenemia, polymerase chain reaction for CMV DNA, branched DNA assay, and the hyb...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(96)00339-1
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parachlamydia acanthamoebae has been shown to be resistant to fluoroquinolones. In this study, we determined the susceptibility of Neochlamydia hartmannellae and Simkania negevensis to quinolones using amoebal co-culture in the presence of serial dilutions of ciprofloxacin. The gyrA and parC quinoline resistance-deter...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.03.009
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The resistance rates of ampicillin/sulbactam 2:1 against imipenem-susceptible and -resistant Acinetobacter baumannii were 23.5 and 30%, respectively. Ceftazidime/sulbactam combination showed significant reduction of resistant rates against Enterobacter cloacae, A. baumannii, ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae. MIC90 of cefope...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2003.10.008
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial resistance is a concern both for animal and human health. Veterinary programmes monitoring resistance of animal and zoonotic pathogens are therefore essential. Various European countries have implemented national surveillance programmes, particularly for zoonotic and commensal bacteria, and the European ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.11.004
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rise and spread of antimicrobial resistance represents one of the most pressing health issues of today. Antimicrobial resistance in micro-organisms can arise due to a multiplicity of factors, including permeability changes in the cell membrane, increase of drug efflux pumps, enzymatic modification or inactivation ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106005
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanisms and transferability of beta-lactam resistance in 50 ceftazidime resistant strains of Enterobacteriaceae was studied. These strains were selected from 1991 E. coli, 1035 Enterobacter spp., 168 Citrobacter spp. and 1371 Klebsiella spp., isolated from patients hospitalized in ICUs and in the pediatric and urol...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(98)00027-2
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Use of rifampicin (RIF) in combination with colistin (COL) has been proposed for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections owing to in vitro synergism. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the molecular epidemiology and mechanisms of RIF resistance in 57 clinical isolates of A. ba...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.09.016
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial resistance and sulphonamide resistance determinants were studied in 20 co-trimoxazole resistant Escherichia coli in faecal samples from healthy children in Bolivia and Peru. Methods used were disc diffusion susceptibility tests, PCR, sequence analysis and plasmid conjugation assays. All isolates but one ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2004.12.004
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro susceptibilities of 192 consecutive clinical strains of Pasteurella spp. isolated between 1996 and 2003 from soft tissue pus (n = 146), respiratory tract specimens (n = 38) and blood (n = 8) were studied by an agar dilution method. All isolates were susceptible to minocycline, cefotaxime, ofloxacin, cipro...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.02.004
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The novel ketolide telithromycin (formerly HMR-3647) was tested against a collection of pneumococci of varying sensitivity to erythromycin and clindamycin, isolated in geographically diverse UK hospitals. Telithromycin was highly active against erythromycin-susceptible pneumococci, the MIC(90) being 0.015 mg/l. Erythr...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(01)00346-6
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To characterise the prevalence of β-lactamases and 16S rRNA methylase genes amongst clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates carrying plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants in China, 59 non-duplicate K. pneumoniae isolates harbouring at least one PMQR gene were screened for common β-lactamases and 16...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.12.018
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nacubactam is a novel non-β-lactam diazabicyclooctane β-lactamase inhibitor under development for the treatment of serious Gram-negative infections. This study assessed the efficacy of human-simulated epithelial lining fluid (ELF) exposure of nacubactam in combination with meropenem against AmpC-overproducing (n=4) an...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.10.019
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of eight aminoglycosides (amikacin, apramycin, arbekacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, netilmicin and tobramycin) against a collection of 257 amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC)-resistant Escherichia coli isolates was determined by microdilution. Aminoglycoside resistance rates, the prevalence of aminog...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to study the possible phenotypic and genotypic changes related to glycopeptide pressure on enterococci, a study was undertaken using stepwise in vitro exposure to achieve the following objectives: (i) to evaluate the development of resistance and cross-resistance between vancomycin and teicoplanin; (ii) to de...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00082-5
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::As a follow-up to our 2009 survey, in order to explore opinion and practice on the epidemiology and management of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Europe, we conducted a second survey to elicit current opinions on this topic, particularly around antibiotic choice, dose, duration and route of admini...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0924-8579(15)30002-9
更新日期:2015-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::The role of membrane permeabilisation and disruption in the mechanism of action of some polymyxin analogues against Gram-negative organisms is contentious. The effects of polymyxin B (PMB) and its analogue polymyxin B nonapeptide (PMBN) on Escherichia coli envelopes should correlate, but previous work by other workers...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.10.005
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ongoing seventh cholera pandemic is attributed to Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor biotype strains. Although antibiotic therapy ameliorates symptoms in patients and reduces pathogen transfer to the environment, multidrug resistance remains a major clinical threat. An O1 El Tor strain isolated from a patient in 1998 was i...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.05.020
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Newer treatment strategies for the management of febrile neutropenic patients are being developed. These include: (a) hospital based oral therapy; (b) early discharge after initial stabilization in-hospital, and (c) out-patient therapy. All strategies are likely to be more successful in patients with short-lived neutr...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(00)00215-6
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leptospirosis is the most common zoonotic disease and is endemic worldwide. The antibiotic susceptibilities of Leptospira strains isolated from both humans and animals are poorly documented. This issue is particularly important for isolates from food-producing animals which are regularly exposed to antibiotic treatmen...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.12.024
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::No vaccine exists against any form of leishmaniasis. Because recovery from infection is usually accompanied by a strong immunity and because it is possible to protect experimental animals against live challenge, hope for the development of a vaccine for humans has been high. However, leishmaniasis is a disease of the ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.06.024
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of 20 clinical isolates of Fusarium spp. to classic antifungals [amphotericin B (AmB), itraconazole (ITR), voriconazole (VRC) and caspofungin (CAS)] and to non-antifungal agents [amiodarone (AMD), doxycycline (DOX) and moxifloxacin (MFX)] by the broth microdilut...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.10.017
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of 32 piperazine-linked bisbenzamidines (and related analogues) were analysed for their in vitro and in vivo trypanocidal activity against a drug-sensitive strain of Trypanosoma brucei brucei and a drug-resistant strain of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. The compounds showed similar potencies against both str...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.07.021
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antibacterial effects of six inorganic antibacterial agents were assessed using broth dilution and agar dilution tests on six pathogenic bacteria associated with oral infectious diseases: Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), S. mutans (Ingbritt), Actinomyces viscosus (ATCC 15987), Lactobacillus casei (ATCC 393), Sta...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.01.008
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00