Abstract：
:Individuals with autism demonstrate impairments on measures of executive function (EF) relative to typically developing comparison participants. EF is comprised of several processes including inhibition, working memory and set shifting that develop throughout the lifespan. Impairments in EF may appear early in development and persist, or may represent a more transient delay which resolves with time. Given the unevenness of the cognitive profile of persons with autism, understanding the development of EF poses methodological challenges. These issues include those related to matching measures and the choice of comparison participants to which the performance of persons with autism will be compared. In the current review, we attempt to break down the processes of inhibition, working memory and set shifting among persons with autism. We propose to do this within a developmental perspective that highlights how matching measures and comparison participants can affect the interpretation of research findings.
journal_name
Brain Cognjournal_title
Brain and cognitionauthors
Russo N,Flanagan T,Iarocci G,Berringer D,Zelazo PD,Burack JAdoi
10.1016/j.bandc.2006.04.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-10-01 00:00:00pages
77-86issue
1eissn
0278-2626issn
1090-2147pii
S0278-2626(07)00064-4journal_volume
65pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects, healthy elderly, and young adults interpreted a series of novel noun-noun expressions composed of familiar object words. Subjects interpreted each item by selecting one of three possible definitions: a definition in which the referents of each noun were associated together in a parti...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2004.08.049
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individuals who carry a premutation (PM) allele on the FMR1 gene may experience executive limitations associated with their genetic status, including inhibition deficits. However, poor understanding of individualized risk factors has limited clinical management of this group, particularly in mothers who carry the PM a...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2019.105511
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2014.01.014
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are common comorbidities during military deployment that affect emotional brain processing, yet few studies have examined the independent effects of mTBI and PTSD. The purpose of this study was to examine distinct differences in neural respons...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2017.07.001
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent experimental research in the field of neurophysiology has led to the discovery of two classes of visuomotor neurons: canonical neurons and mirror neurons. In light of these studies, we propose here an overview of two classical themes in the cognitive science panorama: James Gibson's theory of affordances and El...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2004.06.003
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three experiments were aimed at verifying whether the modality of interaction with objects and the goals defined by the task influences the weight of the properties used for categorization. In Experiment 1 we used everyday objects (cups and glasses). In order to exclude that the results depended on pre-stored categori...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2007.11.002
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:People affected by schizophrenia show deficits in social interaction (Cramer, Bowen, & O'Neill, 1992); such a deficit may stem from an alteration in the representation of mental states. OBJECT:In this study we have examined 42 people affected by schizophrenia, diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria, by testing...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0278-2626(03)00018-6
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The year 1996 marked the quattrocentenary of Descartes' birth. This paper reviews his pineal neuropsychology. It demonstrates that Descartes understood the true anatomical position of the pineal. His intraventricular pineal (or glande H) was a theoretical construct which allowed him to describe the operations of his m...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1006/brcg.1997.0954
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adaptive action in a constantly changing environment requires the ability to maintain intentions and goals over time and to flexibly switch between these goals in response to significant changes. argued that positive affect modulates these antagonistic control demands in favor of a more flexible but also more distract...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2005.08.003
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2017.06.009
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between personal and familial hand preference and mental retardation was examined. Six unimanual tasks were performed by 232 subjects within four mental retardation severity groups. Family handedness histories were obtained. Right hand preference varied inversely with severity of mental retardation. T...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0278-2626(84)90027-7
更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bilateral eye movements (EMs) have been associated with enhancements in episodic memory and creativity. We explored the influence of EMs on behavior and event related potential (ERP) responses during the Attention Network Test (ANT). Participants completed ANT trials after bilateral EMs or a center-fixation control ma...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2019.03.001
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We presented a proposed neural level mechanism for the integration of cognitive and affective information during covert decision making. The central idea is that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex establishes predicted outcomes of responses through its connections with the amygdala, and that this information is passed...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0278-2626(03)00153-2
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Temporal preparation was assessed in 15 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, 20 persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 28 healthy older adults. Participants completed a simple reaction time task in which the preparatory interval duration varied randomly within two blocks (short versus long temporal window). Re...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2010.08.004
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A line-bisecting test was administered to 250 highly skilled right-handed athletes and a control group of 60 right-handed age matched non-athletes. Results revealed that athletes made overwhelmingly more rightward errors than non-athletes, who predominantly bisected lines to the left of the veridical center. These fin...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0278-2626(03)00259-8
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual abilities in deaf individuals may be altered as a result of auditory deprivation and/or because the deaf rely heavily on a sign language (American Sign Language, or ASL). In this study, we asked whether attentional abilities of deaf subjects are altered. Using a direction of motion discrimination task in the pe...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/brcg.2001.1497
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pre- and postoperative IQ profiles were examined in children and adolescents with left temporal-lobe epilepsy. Participants were grouped according to their pattern of speech dominance, as indicated by the intracarotid sodium amobarbital procedure. Seven participants with typical (left hemisphere) speech representation...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Performance-based measures of hand preference have been developed as an objective method of examining handedness. Previous research using this method showed that both skill demands and the position of the object in working space affect preferential hand reaching. Specifically, preferred hand reaches predominated in le...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2004.02.041
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two descriptive and two narrative texts were constructed. The basic forms of each type of text comprised 27 micropropositions, while the detailed forms incorporated an additional 24 micropropositions. Forty DAT patients and 14 control subjects were asked to read and recall the 4 texts and the total number of microprop...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concurrent-task method was used to investigate the hemispheric locus of face encoding. In each of three experiments, 48 right-handed adults performed unimanual finger tapping while encoding whole or partial faces for subsequent recognition. Faces were upright in Experiments 1 and 2 but inverted in Experiment 3. Ir...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/brcg.1995.1162
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study explored possible deficits in selective attention brought about by Dementia of Alzheimer Type (DAT). In three experiments, we tested patients with early DAT, healthy elderly, and young adults under low memory demands to assess perceptual filtering, conflict resolution, and set switching abilities. We found ...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2007.08.003
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Researchers who study human cognition and behavior, especially from a neuroscience perspective, often measure subjects' handedness. The most common measure of handedness is the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (EHI; Oldfield, 1971). Several potential problems with the EHI have been identified during its long history. We...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2015.01.003
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relation between left-right and upper-lower visual field (VF) asymmetries was examined for face matching, letter naming, and lexical decision. Stimuli were flashed in the VF quadrants. Face matching resulted in a lower left and upper right VF advantage. Letter-naming resulted in a distinct upper-right VF advantage...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/brcg.2001.1481
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The subcortical dementias are a heterogeneous group of disorders in which the predominant pathological lesions occur in subcortical structures such as basal ganglia, brainstem nuclei, and the cerebellum. When the cerebral cortex is involved, the lesions are most often in the frontal lobes. These pathologic lesions are...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/brcg.1996.0043
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we used event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to examine the effects of aging on processes underlying task switching. The response time data revealed an age-related increase in mixing costs before controlling for general slowing and no effect of aging on switching costs. In the cue-locked epoch, the ERP...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2008.03.001
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between exercise mode and executive function and its effect on behavior and neuroelectric activity. Forty-eight older adults were classified into open-skill, closed-skill, and irregular exercise groups based on their experience of exercise participation. Ex...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2013.07.007
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia is characterized by heterogeneous brain abnormalities involving cerebral regions implied in the executive functioning. The dysexecutive syndrome is one of the most prominent and functionally cognitive features of schizophrenia. Nevertheless, it is not clear to what extend executive deficits are heterogen...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2012.01.008
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Observers indicated whether a stimulus presented to one visual field or the other consisted of two sine-wave gratings (the baseline stimulus) or those same two gratings with the addition of a 2 cycle per degree (cpd) component. When the absolute spatial frequencies of the baseline stimulus were low (0.5 and 1.0 cpd), ...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0278-2626(91)90085-m
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this article we report the results of a test of the hypothesis that a form of attention/information processing dysfunction, attentional set impairment, is exacerbated by facial-oral tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenics. This hypothesis was tested in the context of a study that was aimed at determining whether the R...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/brcg.1993.1042
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite face and emotion recognition deficits, individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) appear to experience the anger superiority effect, where an angry face in a crowd is detected faster than a neutral face. This study extended past research to examine the impacts of ecologically valid photographic stimuli, g...
journal_title：Brain and cognition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandc.2016.05.004
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
