Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This article reviews recent epidemiologic and intervention studies addressing the impact of hyperglycemia on morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. It also discusses a growing body of literature examining why elevated blood glucose occurs in hospitalized patients without previously recognized diabetes. RECENT FINDINGS:Hyperglycemia is highly prevalent in the intensive care unit. Numerous observational studies have demonstrated the association between hyperglycemia and adverse outcomes, independent of pre-existing diabetes. Intervention trials of insulin therapy are limited but overall demonstrate that glucose lowering significantly improves outcomes. The ideal target for blood glucose and the population that would benefit most from intervention remain controversial. Less frequently studied than the consequences, the causes of hyperglycemia occurring during critical illness remain unclear. Although glucose abnormalities in hospitalized patients have traditionally been explained by mediators of stress, a growing body of evidence has examined whether underlying defects in glucose metabolism may also be important contributors. SUMMARY:In general, evidence suggests that hyperglycemia is a potentially correctable abnormality that has deleterious effects in critically ill individuals. Hyperglycemic patients without previously recognized diabetes appear to be particularly vulnerable, and thus further examination of the mechanisms underlying the development of elevated blood glucose is warranted.
journal_name
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Carejournal_title
Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic careauthors
Falciglia Mdoi
10.1097/MCO.0b013e3281a3bf0asubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-07-01 00:00:00pages
498-503issue
4eissn
1363-1950issn
1473-6519pii
00075197-200707000-00019journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The nuclear factor kappa B family of inducible transcription factors regulates the expression of many genes. Nuclear factor kappa B has been implicated in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, infection, cell survival, and cell transformation with subsequent promotion of cancer. In this review, we summarize features o...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200205000-00004
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283468e7e
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abstract::Antioxidant nutrients are important for limiting damaging oxidative reactions in cells, which may predispose to the development of major clinical conditions such as heart disease and cancer. There is great interest in the possibility that the antioxidant potential of plant-derived phenolic compounds, such as flavonoid...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200011000-00006
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Strategies used for intensive insulin therapy of critically ill patients and differences of approach according to medical condition are reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS:Acceptance of proposed glycemic targets for critically ill patients has been tempered by uncertainties about benefit of strict glycemic con...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e3280141ff4
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The underlying causative agent in the majority of patients with chronic liver disease is ethanol; the rest of the cases are largely viral in aetiology (hepatitis B or C viruses). Nutrition supplementation improves the quality of life and decreases morbidity in chronic liver disease, but evidence that it prolongs long-...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200005000-00011
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
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doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e32832a0cc2
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
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doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283218285
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
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更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
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更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To understand the potential benefits of increased dietary protein during weight loss and the importance of distribution of high-quality protein at each meal. RECENT FINDINGS:Popular weight loss diets emphasize use of protein as a substitute for carbohydrates or fat to reduce insulin and minimize hung...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
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更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Size at birth is critical in determining life expectancy with both small and large neonates at risk of shortened life spans. This review examines the hormonal and nutritional drivers of intrauterine growth with emphasis on the role of foetal hormones as nutritional signals in utero. RECENT FINDINGS:N...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The present review aims to address the role of adipose tissue oxygen partial pressure (PO2) in the metabolic and endocrine derangements in conditions characterized by insulin resistance. RECENT FINDINGS:The balance between adipose tissue oxygen supply and its metabolic rate seems to determine adipose...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328358fa87
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The intake of water and electrolytes is inseparable from the ingestion of nutrients by normal or artificial means. Recent reports have agreed in criticizing the poor standards of practice and of training in the management of fluid and electrolyte balance, resulting in a large amount of avoidable morbi...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200401000-00006
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200207000-00003
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite a large number of published randomized prospective controlled clinical trials the indications for perioperative parenteral and enteral nutrition support remain controversial. This article reviews the reports of several recently published consensus conference reports and prospective randomized controlled trials...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-199801000-00009
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To highlight recent research that has contributed to an improved understanding of, or resulted in, important changes in the approach to feeding HIV-exposed infants. RECENT FINDINGS:The administration of antiretroviral therapy to a HIV-positive pregnant woman and its continued use during breast-feedin...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328337321a
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-200201000-00010
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Skeletal muscle is gaining increased attention as an endocrine organ. Recently, novel myokines and new effects of already established myokines have been identified. The objective of this review is to give an update on the recent advances in the field. RECENT FINDINGS:Several hundred putative myokines...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
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更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
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更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e328312c33f
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
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更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
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更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::New results on the physiological properties of conjugated linoleic acid have been published by several working groups, especially showing the effects of single conjugated linoleic acid isomers on carcinogenesis and body composition. Recently, other studies have shown that conjugated linoleic acid has an influence on d...
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00075197-199911000-00012
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
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更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
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更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Trehalose is a disaccharide with manifold industrial, commercial and biomedical uses. In the decade following its initial definition as an autophagy-inducing agent, significant advances have been realized in regard to the applicable clinical and preclinical contexts in which trehalose can be deployed....
journal_title:Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00