Abstract：
:Attempts to develop peptide vaccines, based on a limited number of peptides face two problems: HLA polymorphism and the high mutation rate of viral epitopes. We have developed a new genomic method that ensures maximal coverage and thus maximal applicability of the peptide vaccine. The same method also promises a large number of epitopes per HLA to prevent escape via mutations. Our design can be applied swiftly in order to face rapidly emerging viral diseases. We use a genomic scan of all candidate peptides and join them optimally. For a given virus, we use algorithms computing: peptide cleavage probability, transfer through TAP and MHC binding for a large number of HLA alleles. The resulting peptide libraries are pruned for peptides that are not conserved or are too similar to self peptides. We then use a genetic algorithm to produce an optimal protein composed of peptides from this list properly ordered for cleavage. The selected peptides represent an optimal combination to cover all HLA alleles and all viral proteins. We have applied this method to HCV and found that some HCV proteins (mainly envelope proteins) represent much less peptide than expected. A more detailed analysis of the peptide variability shows a balance between the attempts of the immune system to detect less mutating peptides, and the attempts of viruses to mutate peptides and avoid detection by the immune system. In order to show the applicability of our method, we have further used it on HIV-I, Influenza H3N2 and the Avian Flu Viruses.
journal_name
Mol Immunoljournal_title
Molecular immunologyauthors
Vider-Shalit T,Raffaeli S,Louzoun Ydoi
10.1016/j.molimm.2006.06.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-02-01 00:00:00pages
1253-61issue
6eissn
0161-5890issn
1872-9142pii
S0161-5890(06)00209-4journal_volume
44pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:the SC5b-8 complex of human complement is a hydrophilic molecule of mol. wt 800,000-850,000 that is seen in the electron microscope as an elongated, straight or curved structure of 50-55 nm total length and 8-9 nm width. Tryptic attack on the fluid-phase complex exposes lipid-binding surfaces on the molecule. The tryp...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(82)90327-3
更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Withanolide, coagulin-H (1), was evaluated for its effect on various cellular functions related to immune response including lymphocyte proliferation, and expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2) cytokine, and results were compared with prednisolone (2), a commonly used immune modulating drug. Coagulin-H (1) was found to ha...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2005.10.020
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Secreted glycoproteins generally contain oligosaccharides of the complex type. However, several molecules have been described in which individual glycans are processed differently from one another. Folding, assembly and oligomerization could affect the maturation of certain glycans by hindering them to the Golgi proce...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(95)00132-8
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because of its lethal effects, ease of preparation, and ability to be delivered by aerosolization, ricin has been developed as a lethal weapon by various terrorist groups. When introduced into the pulmonary system of rodents, ricin causes pathological changes in the lung that are known to occur in acute respiratory di...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2006.10.025
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:GK-1 is an immunomodulatory, 18-aa-long peptide that has been proved to promote the activation of mouse peritoneal macrophages and LPS-pulsed mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs). This study is aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying the activation of these antigen-presenting cells (APCs) by GK-1. In ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2020.09.015
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The DNA vaccine based on the glycoprotein gene of Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus induces a non-specific anti-viral immune response and long-term specific immunity against IHNV. This study characterized gene expression responses associated with the early anti-viral response. Homozygous rainbow trout were injec...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2005.12.005
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Porphyromonas gingivalis causes periodontal diseases and its lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is considered as a major virulence factor responsible for pathogenesis. Since initial recognition of P. gingivalis LPS (Pg.LPS) in the oral cavity might be crucial for the host response, we identified Pg.LPS-binding proteins (Pg.LPS-...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2011.06.434
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:V(D)J recombination is a mechanism peculiar to the somatic rearrangement of antigen receptor genes. It requires both expression of the RAG-1 and RAG-2 recombinases and accessibility of the substrate to its recombinase and post-cleavage/DNA repair stage. TCR revision is a genetic correction mechanism that changes T cel...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2007.06.153
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The antigenicity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) matrix p18 protein was evaluated by analyzing the specificity of anti-p18 antibodies elicited either in HIV-1 infected humans, or in HIV-1 infected or immunized chimpanzees, against a panel of long and short overlapping synthetic peptides [from 12 to 46 a...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(93)90118-u
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The EGF receptor is an important target of cancer immunotherapies. The 7A7 monoclonal antibody has been raised against the murine EGFR, but it cross-reacts with the human receptor. The results from experiments using immune-competent mice can therefore, in principle, be extrapolated to the corresponding scenario in hum...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2011.03.016
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Binding of the catecholamine beta-adrenergic antagonist, l-alprenolol, by the IgGl anti-alprenolol monoclonal antibody 37A4 was examined using the radioligand 3H-dihydroalprenolol as an extrinsic signal and the increase in antibody fluorescence upon l-alprenolol binding as intrinsic signal. Equilibrium binding studies...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(87)90043-5
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mammalian interleukin (IL)-6 family of cytokines consist of eight class-I helical cytokines and are major players in hematopoiesis, as well as in neuroendocrine and immune systems, and have pro- and anti-inflammatory properties. We have identified a novel fish CNTF-like molecule, for the first time, as well as the...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2009.04.003
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been developed an HIV type 1 transgenic rat model (HIV-1 Tg Rat) which contains a gag-pol-deleted HIV-1 provirus regulated by the viral LTR promoter. Although it harbors a non infectious provirus, efficient viral expression occurs in different tissues and disease manifestations as well as immune-response altera...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2004.06.023
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-D3) is known to have potent inhibitory effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) functions. Previous experiments suggest that addition of interleukin-2 (IL-2) to cell cultures can reverse the antiproliferative action of 1,25-D3. Previous studies have also shown that the C...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(90)90064-7
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Optineurin (Optn) is an adaptor protein with homology to NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO), the regulatory subunit of the IκB kinase (IKK) complex. Dysregulation of Optn has been linked to neurodegenerative, autoimmune and bone diseases. Optn shares a high degree of homology with NEMO, but is not part of the same high-...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2017.01.027
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously used immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) to generate a three-dimensional map of idiotypic (Id) and isotypic epitopes on the Fab arms of HGAC 39 (Roux et al., 1987, Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84, 4984-4988), a mouse IgG3 monoclonal antibody (Mab). In this report, we analyse the geometry of the various...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(94)90167-8
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of studies have showed that High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), which played key role in inflammation activation by triggering the toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling axis in hepatic fibrogenesis, may share similar inflammation stimulating mechanism with LPS. Herein, we introduced a recently established anti...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2015.10.018
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study describes serological and biochemical properties of a novel MHC class I molecule. The mutant H-2Ksm1 molecule was discovered in a mouse because of loss of reactivity of its peripheral blood lymphocytes to monoclonal antibodies. This mutation in the H-2Ks molecule is the first in vivo mutation described that...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(92)90223-k
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed a method for use in investigating factors controlling the binding and cross-linking by bivalent haptens of immunoglobulin E (IgE) bound to receptors on rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) cells. This method employs monoclonal anti-2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE that is labeled with fluorescein-5-isothiocyanat...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(86)90089-1
更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During B and T lymphocyte development, immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes are assembled from the germline V, (D) and J gene segments (Lewis, S.M., 1994. The mechanism of V(D)J joining: lessons from molecular, immunological and comparative analyses. Adv. Immunol. 56, 27-150). These DNA rearrangements, responsible...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(99)00053-x
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) is a cell-surface receptor that plays a vital regulatory role in suppressing inflammatory T cell activity; therefore, it is an ideal target for T cell-redirecting therapies. Here, we describe a cynomolgus macaque model for studying the transfer of PD1-modified T cells. We develope...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2020.05.007
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study we constructed two phage libraries displaying non-immunized natural human IgM derived HCDR3 repertoires. One library was structurally constrained by a Gly to Cys substitution at position 104 enabling the formation of a disulfide bridge with the Cys at position 92. Panning of these libraries on an anti-hu...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2007.09.001
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A recent publication in Molecular Immunology by Leo and Goldman doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2009.02.024 has shown that the Escherichia coli immunoglobulin-binding (Eib) proteins are receptors for IgG and IgA. We would like to highlight important issues that were not addressed in their recent manuscript whilst providing possi...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2009.04.023
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, we report the activation of murine peritoneal macrophages in vitro on irradiation with sublethal dose of UVB (50 mJ/cm(2)). The activation involves enhanced expression of CD18 molecule and production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 (IL-1). Production of N...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2004.01.001
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mast cells have a clear-cut pathologic role in allergy, participating in a number of chronic inflammatory conditions, in helmintic parasitosis, and in some solid tumor reactions, but also in physiological situations, such as wound healing and innate immunity. Mast cells release a large number of proinflammatory, immun...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(02)00090-1
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:T regulatory (Treg)/T-helper (Th) 17 imbalance has been shown to integrate with epigenetics to result in the development of autoimmune diseases. We aim to investigate the influence of disease staging on Treg/Th17 cells and whether the aberrant DNA methylation is implicated in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (R...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2020.08.002
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a heterodimeric cytokine produced by macrophages in response to intracellular pathogens and provides an obligatory signal for the differentiation of T-helper-1 cells. p300 is an important histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and has been implicated in the regulation of gene expression. Whether p30...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2004.05.013
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selection of specific antibodies from large repertoires is of importance in generating antibodies to specific structural determinants and in studying structure-function relationships. Alkaline phosphatase (AP) has several isozymes with various degrees of homology and a range of common synthetic substrates. We have pre...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2006.02.024
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:PKZ, protein kinase containing Z-DNA binding domains, is a novel member of eIF2α kinase in fish. PKZ can be up-regulated in response to Poly I:C or heat stress, and it has a typical eIF2α kinase activity. However, the relationship between fish PKZ and apoptosis remains unclear. In the present study, effects of PKZ on ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2015.11.006
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have sequenced the TCRs from Ld-specific alloreactive T cell hybridomas, whose reactivities we have found to be quite representative of those of a primary dm2 anti-BALB/cJ mixed lymphocyte reaction. We find V beta 6, V beta 7, V beta 8 and V beta 10 gene segments. V alpha usage is diverse, although closely related ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(96)00034-x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
