Abstract：
:There are great individual differences in learning abilities, but their neural bases, especially among normal populations, are not well understood. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging and a training paradigm, the present study investigated individual differences in cerebral asymmetry in fusiform regions when processing a new writing system and their correlation to subsequent visual character learning. Twelve Chinese adults underwent a 2-week training to learn 120 Korean characters and they were scanned before and after the training. Results showed that left-hemispheric dominance during the pretraining task was predictive of better posttraining performance. These results have significant implications for our understanding of the neural basis of language learning, especially in terms of individual differences.
journal_name
J Cogn Neuroscijournal_title
Journal of cognitive neuroscienceauthors
Xue G,Chen C,Jin Z,Dong Qdoi
10.1162/jocn.2006.18.6.923subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-06-01 00:00:00pages
923-31issue
6eissn
0898-929Xissn
1530-8898journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The majority of the research related to visual recognition has so far focused on bottom-up analysis, where the input is processed in a cascade of cortical regions that analyze increasingly complex information. Gradually more studies emphasize the role of top-down facilitation in cortical analysis, but it remains somet...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1162/089892903321662976
更新日期：2003-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We used ERPs to investigate the time course of interactions between lexical semantic and sublexical visual word form processing during word recognition. Participants read sentence-embedded pseudowords that orthographically resembled a contextually supported real word (e.g., "She measured the flour so she could bake a ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00148
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Successful recovery of words from episodic memory relies strongly on semantic processes at the time of encoding. Evidence from several functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies has shown that changes in neural activity in the left inferior prefrontal cortex (LIPFC) during semantic encoding predict subsequen...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892904322984490
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent work on the role of the ACC in cognition has focused on choice difficulty, action value, risk avoidance, conflict resolution, and the value of exerting control among other factors. A main underlying question is what are the output signals of ACC, and relatedly, what is their effect on downstream cognitive proce...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01140
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:How does the brain encode and organize our understanding of the people we know? In this study, participants imagined personally familiar others in a variety of contexts while undergoing fMRI. Using multivoxel pattern analysis, we demonstrated that thinking about familiar others elicits consistent fine-grained patterns...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01151
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vision, perceptual features are processed in several regions distributed across the brain. Yet, the brain achieves a coherent perception of visual scenes and objects through integration of these features, which are encoded in spatially segregated brain areas. How the brain seamlessly achieves this accurate integrat...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01158
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:People are often considered cognitive misers. When given a free choice between two tasks, people tend to choose tasks requiring less cognitive effort. Such demand avoidance (DA) is associated with cognitive control, but it is still not clear to what extent individual differences in cognitive control can account for va...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01566
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Language comprehension in everyday life requires the continuous integration of prior discourse context and general world knowledge with the current utterance or sentence. In the neurolinguistic literature, these so-called situation model building processes have been ascribed to the prefrontal cortex or to the right he...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/0898929053747658
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Very little is known about the neural circuitry guiding anger, angry rumination, and aggressive personality. In the present fMRI experiment, participants were insulted and induced to ruminate. Activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex was positively related to self-reported feelings of anger and individual diff...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21051
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Goal-irrelevant information may interfere with ongoing task activities if not controlled properly. Evidence suggests that the ability to control interference is connected mainly to the prefrontal cortex (pFC). However, it remains unclear whether gray matter (GM) volume in prefrontal regions influences individual diffe...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01430
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of prescription stimulants to enhance healthy cognition has significant social, ethical, and public health implications. The large number of enhancement users across various ages and occupations emphasizes the importance of examining these drugs' efficacy in a nonclinical sample. The present meta-analysis was ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00776
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abstract Three patients with semantic dementia, involving progressive deterioration of semantic memory, performed immediate serial recall of short sequences of familiar words. On the basis of their performance in other tasks of word comprehension and production, the stimuli were selected individually for each patient ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.1994.6.1.57
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Working memory and reward processing are often thought to be separate, unrelated processes. However, most daily activities involve integrating these two types of information, and the two processes rarely, if ever, occur in isolation. Here, we show that working memory and reward interact in a task-dependent manner and ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00676
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies examining medial temporal lobe (MTL) involvement in memory formation typically assess memory performance after a single, short delay. Thus, the relationship between MTL encoding activity and memory durability over time remains poorly characterized. To explore this relationship, we scanned participants using hi...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21381
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Animals and humans share an evolutionary ancient quantity representation which is characterized by analog magnitude features: Discriminating magnitudes becomes more difficult with increasing set sizes (size effect) and with decreasing distance between two numerosities (distance effect). Humans show these effects even ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21193
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To build a general knowledge base, it is imperative that individuals acquire, integrate, and further extend knowledge across experiences. For instance, in one episode an individual may learn that George Washington was the first president. In a separate episode they may then learn that Washington was the commander of t...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01168
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coordinated studies of adults, infants, and nonhuman animals provide evidence for two systems of nonverbal number representation: a "parallel individuation" system that represents individual items and a "numerical magnitude" system that represents the approximate cardinal value of a group. However, there is considerab...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2010.21581
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the brain activity patterns associated with stabilizing performance during challenges to attention. Our findings revealed distinct patterns of frontoparietal activity and functional connectivity associated with increased attentional effort versus preserved performance during challenged attention. Parti...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01112
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metamemory refers to knowledge and monitoring of one's own memory. Metamemory monitoring can be done prospectively with respect to subsequent memory retrieval or retrospectively with respect to previous memory retrieval. In this study, we used fMRI to compare neural activity during prospective feeling-of-knowing and r...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21123
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The focus of the current study is on a particular aspect of tactile perception: categorical segmentation on the body surface into discrete body parts. The MMN has been shown to be sensitive to categorical boundaries and language experience in the auditory modality. Here we recorded the somatosensory MMN (sMMN) using t...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01313
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although many examples exist for shared neural representations of self and other, it is unknown how such shared representations interact with the rest of the brain. Furthermore, do high-level inference-based shared mentalizing representations interact with lower level embodied/simulation-based shared representations? ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21287
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognitive control processes enable us to adjust our behavior to changing environmental demands. Although neuropsychological studies suggest that the critical cortical region for cognitive control is the prefrontal cortex, neuro-imaging studies have emphasized the interplay of prefrontal and parietal cortices. This rai...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/0898929054985400
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The P300 is a known ERP component assessing stimulus value, including the value of a monetary reward. In parallel, the incentive value of reinforcers relies on the PFC, a major cortical projection region of the mesocortical reward pathway. Here we show a significant positive correlation between P300 response to money ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00166
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the dominant approach posits that developmental dyslexia arises from deficits in systems that are exclusively linguistic in nature (i.e., phonological deficit theory), dyslexics show a variety of lower level deficits in sensory and attentional processing. Although their link to the reading disorder remains co...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21232
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When we respond to a stimulus, our decisions are based not only on external stimuli but also on our ongoing performance. If the response deviates from our goals, monitoring and decision-making brain areas interact so that future behavior may change. By taking advantage of natural variation in error salience, as measur...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00962
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individuals with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) show selective breakdown in regions within the proposed dorsal (articulatory-phonological) and ventral (lexical-semantic) pathways involved in language processing. Phonological STM impairment, which has been attributed to selective damage to dorsal pathway structures,...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00901
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reading relies on the rapid visual recognition of words viewed in a wide variety of fonts. We used fMRI to identify neural populations showing reduced fMRI responses to repeated words displayed in different fonts ("font-invariant" repetition suppression). We also identified neural populations showing greater fMRI resp...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01408
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When engaged in dynamic visuospatial tasks, the brain copes with perceptual and cognitive processing challenges. During multiple-object tracking (MOT), the number of objects to be tracked (i.e., load) imposes attentional demands, but so does spatial interference from irrelevant objects (i.e., close encounters). Presen...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01469
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maturation of cognitive control abilities has been attributed to the protracted structural maturation of underlying neural correlates during adolescence. This study examined the relationship between development of two forms of cognitive control (proactive and reactive control) and structural maturation of the ACC, dor...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00549
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopamine (DA) has been implicated in modulating multiple cognitive control processes, including the robust maintenance of task sets and memoranda in the face of distractors (cognitive stability) and, conversely, the ability to switch task sets or update the contents of working memory when it is advantageous to do so (...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01518
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
