Abstract：
:Many epidemiologists have agreed that a refined estimate of the incubation period of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) would need a sample size of about 200 cases and appropriate statistical methods enabling the inclusion of cases with defined periods of exposure. However, no such studies have been reported so far. Besides, determinants of the SARS incubation period remain unclear. In this study, 209 probable SARS cases with documented episodes of exposure between March 1 and May 31, 2003, in mainland China were included. A nonparametric method was used to analyze these data with defined periods of exposure to obtain the refined estimate of the SARS incubation period. Furthermore, the authors also explored the influence of various factors on the SARS incubation period by analysis of variance, linear regression analysis, and analysis of covariance. The estimates of mean and variance of the SARS incubation period were 5.29 days and 12.33 days(2), respectively; 90% of patients would have an incubation period of less than 11.58 days with a probability of 0.8, and 99% of patients would have an incubation of less than 22.22 days with a probability of 0.9. The affected area showed a highly significant effect on the incubation period (p < 0.001), but the contact pattern, occupation, gender, and age did not.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Cai QC,Xu QF,Xu JM,Guo Q,Cheng X,Zhao GM,Sun QW,Lu J,Jiang QWdoi
10.1093/aje/kwj034subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-02-01 00:00:00pages
211-6issue
3eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256pii
kwj034journal_volume
163pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Weight loss involving diet modification improves urinary incontinence (UI) in women, but little is known about dietary correlates of UI. The authors examined intakes of total energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fats in relation to UI in a cross-sectional sample of 2,060 women in the population-based Boston Area Communi...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwq065
更新日期：2010-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In a prospective study of some 20,000 pregnancies in the Child Health and Development Studies in the San Francisco East Bay area, 226 gravidas were tested for pregnancy with estrogen/progestogen preparations. The two control groups were women who were tested for pregnancy by either a serum or urine test. There were no...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113133
更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A large, population-based case-control study of facial clefts was carried out in Norway between 1996 and 2001. The study included 573 cases -- 377 with cleft lip with or without cleft palate and 196 with cleft palate only -- and 763 randomly selected controls. Maternal consumption of coffee and other caffeine-containi...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwp040
更新日期：2009-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors conducted descriptive and case-control studies to find factors associated with earthquake deaths due to the Great Hanshin-Awaji earthquake on January 17, 1995, in Nishinomiya, Japan. In the case-control study, cases included all 1,104 deaths. Controls were randomly selected from survivors. Earthquake morta...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/153.2.153
更新日期：2001-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:One frequently analyzes a subset of the data collected in a survey when interest focuses on individuals in a certain subpopulation of the sampled population. Although it may seem natural to eliminate from the data set all data from individuals outside the subpopulation before analysis, this procedure may yield incorre...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008847
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The possible relation between the occurrence of brain tumors in children and exposure to electric blankets or electrically heated water beds was investigated in a multicenter, population-based case-control study conducted on the West Coast of the United States. Information on maternal exposure during pregnancy or dire...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008688
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In view of the carcinogenic potential and widespread use of conjugated estrogens (CEs), this study evaluated patterns and determinants of oral ambulatory CE use. Among 1273 women 30 to 69 years of age interviewed in Greater-Boston hospitals, there were 161 (13%) ever-users of CEs; 88 (7%) had used the drug within the ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112731
更新日期：1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During 1946-2005, vaccine-preventable diseases were the topic of approximately 20% of all epidemic-assistance investigations by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Both in the United States and abroad, current and former Epidemic Intelligence Service officers have played a critical role in describing the e...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwr306
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and utility of administrative health data in identifying persons with inflammatory bowel disease on a population basis and to determine the incidence and prevalence of this disease in the Canadian province of Manitoba. The data from Manitoba Health (the province's singl...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009735
更新日期：1999-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Women with higher parity have a lower risk of ovarian cancer possibly because of pregnancy hormones, but the specific effect of different pregnancy hormones on ovarian cancer risk is not clear. Some clarification might be gained by considering situations where hormone levels vary between pregnancies. Study participant...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwp185
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Semen quality has been suggested to be a biological marker of long-term morbidity and mortality; however, few studies have been conducted on this subject. We identified 5,370 men seen for infertility at Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark, during 1977-2010, and 4,712 of these men were followed in the Danish National Patie...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwx067
更新日期：2017-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Several investigators have documented the effect of temperature on mortality, although fewer have studied its impact on morbidity. In addition, little is known about the effectiveness of mitigation strategies such as use of air conditioners (ACs). The authors investigated the association between temperature and hospit...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwq231
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:If interviewers' personal habits or attitudes influence respondents' answers to given questions, this may lead to bias, which should be taken into consideration when analyzing data. The authors examined a potential interviewer effect in a study of pregnant women in which exposure data were obtained through computer-as...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/155.1.95
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The problem of recall bias when reporting breast feeding duration is investigated. Data are presented from the follow-up of over 1,000 children from a birth cohort (1982) in southern Brazil, when they were on average 11, 23, and 47 months of age. Compared with the response given at 11 months of age, 24% of mothers mis...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115693
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The etiology of acute diarrhea (less than or equal to 3 days duration) and persistent diarrhea (greater than or equal to 14 days duration) was determined in Cambodian children under age 5 years in a refugee camp on the Thai-Cambodian border between May and October 1989; potential risk factors associated with persisten...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116321
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For the first wave of pandemic influenza or a bioterrorist influenza attack, antiviral agents would be one of the few options to contain the epidemic in the United States until adequate supplies of vaccine were available. The authors use stochastic epidemic simulations to investigate the effectiveness of targeted anti...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwh092
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a case-control study, matching on a disease risk score (DRS), which includes many confounders, should theoretically result in greater precision than matching on only a few confounders; however, this has not been investigated. We simulated 1,000 hypothetical cohorts with a binary exposure, a time-to-event outcome, a...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwv269
更新日期：2016-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies suggest that toxic chemicals in hair products may be absorbed through the scalp in sufficient amounts to increase the risks of adverse health effects in women or their infants. This case-control study of 525 Black women from three counties in North Carolina who had delivered a singleton, liveborn infan...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009879
更新日期：1999-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Four random samples representing populations at low (volunteer blood donors), intermediate, (VD clinic patients), high (family contacts of chronic antigen carriers) and very high (male homosexuals) risk of exposure to HBV were surveyed. Among HBsAg and anti-HBs negative individuals an average of 3.3% were found to be ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112298
更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multisymptom illness is more prevalent in 1991 Gulf War veterans than in military comparison groups; less is known about comorbidities. The authors compared physical, psychological, and functional comorbidities in Australian male Gulf War I veterans with those in actively (non-Gulf) deployed and nondeployed military p...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwp238
更新日期：2009-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The value of exercise during pregnancy is controversial; both benefits and risks have been hypothesized. As empiric evidence is scant, the issue was investigated in a prospective study that assessed the impact on fetal growth of maternal exercise in each trimester of pregnancy. A cohort of over 800 prenatal patients w...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116614
更新日期：1993-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in sub-Saharan Africa is a critical public health problem. We assessed whether depressive symptoms in AGYW were longitudinally associated with incident HIV, and identified potential social and behavioral mediators. Data came ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/aje/kwz238
更新日期：2020-05-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Vaccinating school-aged children against influenza can reduce age-specific and population-level illness attack rates. Using a stochastic simulation model of influenza transmission, the authors assessed strategies for vaccinating children in the United States, varying the vaccine type, coverage level, and reproductive ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwp237
更新日期：2009-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertensive complications of pregnancy contribute to the burden of maternal morbidity and subsequently have an impact on neonatal morbidity and mortality. Although codes from the International Classification of Diseases should delineate the specific subtypes of pregnancy-related hypertension, how diagnoses are applie...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwm141
更新日期：2007-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently it has been suggested that the use of alcohol-containing mouthwashes may increase the risk of oropharyngeal cancer. Heavy alcohol intake and tobacco use are established causes of oropharyngeal cancer. Their use is associated with mouthwash use. In addition, alcohol and tobacco use both tend to be underreporte...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008886
更新日期：1996-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Genetic epidemiology represents a hybrid of epidemiologic designs and statistical models that explicitly consider both genetic and environmental risk factors for disease. It is a relatively new field in public health; the term was first coined only 35 years ago. In this short time, the field has been through a major e...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kww001
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors reviewed all cases of active tuberculosis newly reported to a population-based registry between 1970 and 1985 to compare a large urban area with the mostly rural remainder of the province of British Columbia, Canada. Although incidence rates have declined steadily in the rural area, they have not done so i...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115246
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The term shoe-leather epidemiology is often synonymous with field epidemiology or intervention epidemiology. All 3 terms imply investigations initiated in response to urgent public health problems and for which the investigative team does much of its work in the field (i.e., outside the office or laboratory). Alexande...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwq252
更新日期：2010-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The long-term health consequences of war service remain unclear, despite burgeoning scientific interest. A longitudinal cohort study of a random sample of Australian Vietnam veterans was designed to assess veterans' postwar physical and mental health 36 years after the war (2005-2006) and to examine its relation to Ar...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwp146
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bias due to selective mortality is a potential concern in many studies and is especially relevant in cognitive aging research because cognitive impairment strongly predicts subsequent mortality. Biased estimation of the effect of an exposure on rate of cognitive decline can occur when mortality is a common effect of e...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwv451
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
