Abstract：
:Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1 is an alpha-3 purple nonsulfur eubacterium with an extensive metabolic repertoire. Under anaerobic conditions, it is able to grow by photosynthesis, respiration and fermentation. Photosynthesis may be photoheterotrophic using organic compounds as both a carbon and a reducing source, or photoautotrophic using carbon dioxide as the sole carbon source and hydrogen as the source of reducing power. In addition, R. sphaeroides can grow both chemoheterotrophically and chemoautotrophically. The structural components of this metabolically diverse organism and their modes of integrated regulation are encoded by a genome of approximately 4.5 Mb in size. The genome comprises two chromosomes CI and CII (2.9 and 0.9 Mb, respectively) and five other replicons. Sequencing of the genome has been carried out by two groups, the Joint Genome Institute, which carried out shotgun-sequencing of the entire genome and The University of Texas-Houston Medical School, which carried out a targeted sequencing strategy of CII. Here we describe our current understanding of the genome when data from both of these groups are combined. Previous work had suggested that the two chromosomes are equal partners sharing responsibilities for fundamental cellular processes. This view has been reinforced by our preliminary analysis of the virtually completed genome sequence. We also have some evidence to suggest that two of the plasmids, pRS241a and pRS241b encode chromosomal type functions and their role may be more than that of accessory elements, perhaps representing replicons in a transition state.
journal_name
Photosynth Resjournal_title
Photosynthesis researchauthors
Mackenzie C,Choudhary M,Larimer FW,Predki PF,Stilwagen S,Armitage JP,Barber RD,Donohue TJ,Hosler JP,Newman JE,Shapleigh JP,Sockett RE,Zeilstra-Ryalls J,Kaplan Sdoi
10.1023/A:1013831823701subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-01-01 00:00:00pages
19-41issue
1eissn
0166-8595issn
1573-5079journal_volume
70pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The kinetic and spectroscopic properties of the secondary electron acceptor A1 were determined by flash absorption spectroscopy at room and cryogenic temperatures in a Photosystem I (PS I) core devoid of the iron-sulfur clusters FX, FB and FA. It was shown earlier (Warren, P.V., Golbeck, J.H. and Warden, J.T. (1993) B...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00015559
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Around 1960 experiments of Arnold and Clayton, Chance and Nishimura and Calvin and coworkers demonstrated that the primary photosynthetic electron transfer processes are not abolished by cooling to cryogenic temperatures. After a brief historical introduction, this review discusses some aspects of electron transfer in...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00041000
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The factors governing quinone protein binding in the photosynthetic bacterium Rps. viridis are investigated via use of empirical intermolecular energy calculations using the GRID method (PJ Goodford (1985) J Med Chem 28: 849-854). A probe atom corresponding to a carbonyl oxygen atom is used to investigate regions exhi...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00027142
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The temperature dependence of the partial reactions leading to turn-over of the UQH2:cyt c 2 oxidoreductase of Rhodobacter sphaeroides have been studied. The redox properties of the cytochrome components show a weak temperature dependence over the range 280-330 K, with coefficients of about 1 m V per degree; our resul...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00114768
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The discovery of a new maize (Zea mays L.) transposon system, Mutator, and the cloning of the 1.4 kilobase transposon, Mul, have made feasible the isolation of nuclear photosynthetic genes which are recognized only by their mutant phenotype. Mutant maize plants which express a high chlorophyll fluorescent (hcf) phenot...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00042979
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biogenesis of the photosynthetic apparatus in greening etiolated leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare L) was investigated by an approach permitting investigation of this process under conditions that minimize differences in plastid development. Distributions of barley leaves greening for 24 h as to chlorophyll content an...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/A:1016093127057
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonlinear optical responses of bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a) were investigated by means of the three-pulse four-wave mixing (FWM) technique under the resonant excitation into the Q ( y ) band. The experimental results are explained by a theoretical model calculation including the Brownian oscillation mode of the solv...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11120-007-9266-x
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between the redox state of P700, the primary donor of PS I, monitored using absorbance changes at 830 nm and photochemical energy storage in PS I reaction centers assayed with the photoacoustic method (PA) was studied in isolated PS I submembrane particles aspirated onto nitrocellulose filters. Severa...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/A:1021237026500
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The absorption spectra of two light harvesting complexes from higher plants, CP29 and LHC II, have been analysed in the Soret region in order to obtain a description in terms of the absorption spectra of the individual pigments. This information is of great practical use when applying spectroscopic techniques to the s...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/A:1006455230379
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The PAM-2000 portable chlorophyll fluorometer represents one of the first commercially available instruments utilizing the Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) measurement principle, and has become a widely used platform for measuring chlorophyll fluorescence in a wide range of study systems. In this paper, we describe a ...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11120-005-9010-3
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Roderick K. Clayton passed away on October 23, 2011, at the age of 89, shortly after the plan for this dedicatory issue of Photosynthesis Research had been hatched. I had just written a lengthy letter to him to re-establish contact after a hiatus of 2 or 3 years, and to suggest that I visit him to talk about his life....
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11120-013-9948-5
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis with the use of large light-harvesting antennae called phycobilisomes (PBSs). These hemispherical PBSs contain hundreds of open-chain tetrapyrrole chromophores bound to different peptides, providing an arrangement in which excitation energy is funnelled towards the PBS core from wh...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11120-017-0417-4
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cassava, bean and maize leaves were fed with(14)CO2 in light and the primary products of photosynthesis identified 5 and 10 seconds after assimilation. In maize, approximately three quarters of the labelled carbon was incorporated in C4 acids, in beans about two thirds in PGA, and in cassava approximately 40-60% in C4...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00055123
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study of the absorption and fluorescence characteristics of the D1/D2/cytb-559 reaction centre complex of Photosystem II has been carried out by gaussian decomposition of absorption spectra both at room temperature and 72 K and of the room temperature fluorescence spectrum. A five component fit was found in which th...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02183048
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using 77 K chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence spectra in vivo, the development was studied of Photosystems II (PS II) and I (PS I) during greening of barley under intermittent light followed by continuous light at low (LI, 50 mumol m(-2) s(-1)) and high (HI, 1000 mumol m(-2) s(-1)) irradiances. The greening at HI inte...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/A:1020943107318
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This work addresses the question of occurrence and function of photosystem II (PSII) in bundle sheath (BS) cells of leaves possessing NADP-malic enzyme-type C4 photosynthesis (Zea mays). Although no requirement for PSII activity in the BS has been established, several component proteins of PSII have been detected in B...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11120-014-0009-5
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Light-induced reaction dynamics of isolated photosynthetic membranes obtained from wild-type (WT) and reaction center (RC)-subunit deletion strains SPUHK1 (an H-subunit deletion mutant) and SK Delta LM (an (L+M) deletion mutant) of the purple non-sulphur bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum have been investigated by femtos...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11120-009-9520-5
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When 23°C-grown potato leaves (Solanum tuberosum L.) were exposed for 15 min to elevated temperatures in weak light, a dramatic and preferential inactivation of Photosystem (PS) II was observed at temperatures higher than about 38°C. In vivo photoacoustic measurements indicated that, concomitantly with the loss of PS ...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00017756
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A rapid procedure has been developed for the isolation of the photosystem two reaction centre complex (PS II RC) from a double mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, F54-14, which lacks the Photosystem one complex and the chloroplast ATPase. Thylakoid membranes are solubilised with 1.5% (w/v) Triton X-100 and the PS II ...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00042974
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intra- and inter-specific variation in CO2 assimilation rate (A) in Triticum spp. is well documented for reproductive growth stages. Research was conducted to characterize early vegetative photosynthetic variation in a diverse set of cultivated hexaploid wheat (T. aestivum L.) germplasm and in wild tetraploid (T. dico...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00034120
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, a number of techniques, some of them relatively new and many often used in combination, have given a clearer picture of the dynamic role of electron transport in Photosystem I of photosynthesis and of coupled cyclic photophosphorylation. For example, the photoacoustic technique has detected cyclic electron t...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00033035
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A fluorescence video imaging system utilizing relatively inexpensive commercial components is described. The instrument utilizes a black and white CCD video camera detector, a commercial video imaging board and a IBM-AT compatible computer. The color output of the imaging board greatly aids in the users ability to vis...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00048977
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Humic substances (HSs) can influence the growth and composition of freshwater phytoplankton assemblage. Since HSs contain many phenolic and quinonic moieties and cause growth reductions in eco-physiological field experiments, HSs are considered photosystem II herbicides. To test this specific mode of action in vivo an...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11120-018-0513-0
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Here, we describe a new imaging setup able to assess in vivo photosynthetic activity. The system specifically measures time-resolved chlorophyll fluorescence in response to light. It is composed of a fast digital camera equipped with a wide-angle lens for the analysis of samples up to 10 x 10 cm, i.e. entire plants or...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11120-009-9487-2
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The linear dichroism of Photosystem I particles containing 10 chlorophylls per P700 has been investigated at 10 K. The particles were oriented by uniaxial squeezing of polyacrylamide gels. The oxidation state of P700 was altered either by incubation of the gels with redox mediators or by low temperature illumination. ...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00047172
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The LH2 antenna complexes of purple bacteria occur, depending on light conditions, in various different spectroscopic forms, with a similar structure but different absorption spectra. The differences are related to point changes in the primary amino acid sequence, but the molecular-level relationship between these cha...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11120-018-0492-1
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the impact of iron deficiency on bioenergetic pathways in Chlamydomonas, we compared growth rates, iron content, and photosynthetic parameters systematically in acetate versus CO(2)-grown cells. Acetate-grown cells have, predictably (2-fold) greater abundance of respiration components but also, counter-...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11120-010-9562-8
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chloroplasts of a chlorophyll (Chl) b-less barley mutant were solubilized with digitonin and fractionated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with sodium deoxycholate in the running buffer. By this procedure, in contrast to using sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) for solubilization, a Chl a-protein analogous to the major ...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00018272
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of leaf water potential (Ψ) on net CO2 assimilation rate (A), stomatal conductance (g), transpiration (E) and water-use efficiency (WUE) was measured for three cultivars of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings during three recurrent drought cycles. Net assimilation varied greatly at high water potentials, b...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00037179
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chlorophyll (Chl) is an essential component of the photosynthetic apparatus. Embedded into Chl-binding proteins, Chl molecules play a central role in light harvesting and charge separation within the photosystems. It is critical for the photosynthetic cell to not only ensure the synthesis of a sufficient amount of new...
journal_title：Photosynthesis research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11120-013-9797-2
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
