Abstract：
:The pathological sequence for type 2 diabetes is complex and entails many different elements that act in concert to cause that disease. This review proposes a sequence of events and how they interact by a careful analysis of the human and animal model literature. A genetic predisposition must exist, although to date very little is known about specific genetic defects in this disease. Whether the diabetes phenotype will occur depends on many environmental factors that share an ability to stress the glucose homeostasis system, with the current explosion of obesity and sedentary lifestyle being a major cause of the worldwide diabetes epidemic. We also propose that a lowered beta-cell mass either through genetic and/or beta-cell cytotoxic factors predisposes for glucose intolerance. As the blood glucose level rises even a small amount above normal, then acquired defects in the glucose homeostasis system occur--initially to impair the beta cell's glucose responsiveness to meals by impairing the first phase insulin response--and cause the blood glucose level to rise into the range of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). This rise in blood glucose, now perhaps in concert with the excess fatty acids that are a typical feature of obesity and insulin resistance, cause additional deterioration in beta-cell function along with further insulin resistance, and the blood glucose levels rise to full-blown diabetes. This sequence also provides insight into how to better prevent or treat type 2 diabetes, by studying the molecular basis for the early defects, and developing targeted therapies against them.
journal_name
Arch Med Resjournal_title
Archives of medical researchauthors
Leahy JLdoi
10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.01.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-05-01 00:00:00pages
197-209issue
3eissn
0188-4409issn
1873-5487pii
S0188-4409(05)00004-4journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Behavioral changes and adherence to pharmacological treatment are essential for improving the prognosis in chronic illness. Lack of adherence to treatment is a common problem in every practice and many patients drop out of care prematurely. The present article is a review of our knowledge regarding adherence to treatm...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2004.12.001
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to establish the sensitivity and specificity of transesophageal stress echocardiography with dobutamine (TEE-dobutamine) in the early detection of myocardial ischemia we studied 30 consecutive patients from the Coronary Care Unit (CCU) of the Hospital de Cardiología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. The resu...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Because of their lack of long-term viability, adrenal tissue transplants have shown limited success in alleviating the motor disturbances associated with experimental and pathologic striatal dopamine denervation. In this study, we examined how the graft placement site influences adrenal medulla transplant su...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0188-4409(00)00247-2
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical research in Internal Medicine has provided many scientific advances during the past few years. However, the newly generated information overrides the time available to read all of the medical literature regarding advances in Internal Medicine. The goal of this review is to summarize some of the most relevant ...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular (CV) risk factors are influenced by behavioral, cultural, and social factors, suggesting that acculturation plays a significant role in the emergency and growth of chronic disease. The objective of this study was to determine the relation between CV risk factors and the main components of accu...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2007.12.003
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The main objectives in this work were to determine whether the relationship between serum testosterone concentration and electroencephalography (EEG) develop mental change observed in human males is also present in Macaca mulatta and, if so, to determine which frequency bands are involved and which regions c...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2004.06.003
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia in children. Recently there has been evidence to suggest a relationship between Helicobacter pylori gastritis and iron deficiency anemia. Because both H. pylori infection and iron-deficiency anemia are common in children, we studied any correlation between H...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2008.04.005
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients with certain types of stroke need urgent anticoagulation and it is extremely important for them to achieve fast and stable anticoagulant effect and receive individualized treatment during the initiation of warfarin therapy. METHODS:We conducted a prospective study among 210 acute stroke patients wh...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2015.05.001
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It has been recently shown that oral administration of D002, a mixture of higher aliphatic primary alcohols isolated from beeswax, inhibits rat microsomal lipid peroxidation. This justified the present attempt to investigate whether D002 also exerts antioxidant effects in humans. METHODS:The effects of D002...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0188-4409(01)00315-0
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Adrenoceptors have been involved in the regulation of hepatocyte proliferation after partial hepatectomy, as well as in primary culture. This report characterizes alpha 1- and beta-adrenoceptor change during the time-course of liver regeneration in adult Wistar Kyoto rats. METHODS:Saturation binding assays ...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0188-0128(98)00028-1
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIM:Currently, the number of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is increasing rapidly worldwide. In this study, we aimed to assess whether diabetes mellitus (DM) would increase the risk of severe infection and death in patients with COVID-19. METHODS:We systematically searched t...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.07.005
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:TCF, TPF/YY1, and the Sp family are specific transcription factors that bind sequences found within the uteroglobin (UG) gene promoter region that are necessary for transcription. To date, UG gene expression and regulation in vivo are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to assess the expressi...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0188-4409(01)00289-2
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pyruvate kinase isozymes in human breast tumor tissue were compared in this study with normal human breast tissue. Two forms of pyruvate kinase present in normal and tumor human breast were purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis, gel filtration, ion exchange, and affinity chromatography. Molecu...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0188-4409(03)00054-7
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is likely that monosodium glutamate (MSG) is the excitotoxin that has been most commonly employed to characterize the process of excitotoxicity and to improve understanding of the ways that this process is related to several pathological conditions of the central nervous system. Excitotoxicity triggered by neonatal...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2014.11.014
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:The cardiac regulator of G-protein signaling 2 (RGS2) negatively regulates G-protein-coupled receptor signaling. The C1114G polymorphism reduces RGS2 gene expression. This molecular disorder may be one of the important factors influencing progress of neurally mediated syncope. The aim of the study w...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2009.02.005
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal disorder defined by the accumulation of abnormally differentiated myeloid cells that are not mature; any myeloid lineage can be affected and the extent of maturation of the leukemia blasts can also vary. Because mature blast cells of AML have very limited proliferative capacity...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2003.08.007
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The bioequivalence of three different commercial diazepam tablets (5 mg) using the innovator product (Valium, Roche) as a reference was evaluated in eight psychiatric patients, following a multiple-dose regimen (5 mg t.i.d.). Each patient received the four treatments sequentially according to a Latin square design, wi...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene is a potential candidate in altering risk for preeclampsia due to the important enzymatic effects in the metabolism of steroid hormones. It contains a non-synonymous G-A base change at codon 158 in the membrane bound isoform, which leads to a valine-to-me...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2012.03.002
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A comprehensive understanding of the immune response induced by Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin in activation of protective T cells against tuberculosis is important to develop effective therapies to combat this disease. In this study, our experiments were designed to determine effects of transfo...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0188-4409(02)00463-0
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:This study is concerned with the expressions of growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) mRNA and protein in the anterior horn of the spinal cord after brachial plexus injury. METHODS:Animals were killed 1, 7, 14 days after injury and were divided into three injury groups: group 1, right C(7) ventral ...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2010.10.005
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of acute otitis media, pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis. The heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was incorporated into the national immunization program in Mexico in 2008. The aim of the study was to analyze the frequency of S. pneumoniae ...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2015.02.004
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We tested the hypothesis that endurance over-training could alter the favorable effects of well-tolerated training on lipid profile. METHODS:At weeks 1, 6, 15, 26, 36, and 47 of the training program, blood was drawn to test lipid profile of 20 endurance-trained rowers. Diet and caloric intake were controlle...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2004.11.013
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Influenza serologic diagnosis is mainly based on hemagglutination inhibition and microneutralization methods, both methods require handling living viruses under an enhanced biosafety level. AIM:The current study was performed for developing an ELISA using synthetic peptides to detect influenza A H1N1 virus ...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.04.011
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This investigation was undertaken to study the clinical characteristics and the humoral immune pattern in lymphedema patients undergoing O-beta-hydroxy-ethyl rutoside therapy. METHODS:A complete physical examination was performed on 27 lymphedema patients (postmastectomy and postphlebitis) and 17 healthy co...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0188-4409(00)00272-1
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) as a tumor suppressor has been reported in many other studies. However, its role in modulating the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to adriamycin (ADR) remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of miR-34a in the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to ADR....
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2012.09.007
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A method is needed to measure parameters of vertigo and disequilibrium. Our objective was to ascertain whether the vestibular autorotation test (VAT) gives numerical data on the vestibular oculomotor reflex (VOR) that are useful for clinical research. METHODS:A VAT was carried out on 17 healthy young volunt...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0188-4409(00)00068-0
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies in platelet of 5-HT uptake transporters have been performed using binding assay methodology designed for ligand-receptor interactions; however, uptake transporters present requirements that may question the validity of these particular binding assays. METHODS:To explore methodologic aspects that may...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2003.03.001
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As an initial step of investigation into the regulatory mechanisms of encystation in Entamoeba, we compared the protein profiles of newly formed cysts and trophozoites of E. invadens using high resolution two-dimensional PAGE and digitized video image analysis of silver stained gels. A total of 155 proteins unique to ...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Metabolic acidosis (MA) is a frequent and serious complication in HIV-infected patients. The aim of the study is to compare patients with and without MA associated with HIV. METHODS:Patients were retrospectively studied involving all HIV-infected patients with blood gas analysis performed during ho...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.arcmed.2008.12.004
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A prospective study to evaluate the role of vitamin C and cervico-vaginal infection in the premature rupture of amniotic membranes (PROM) was designed. The leukocyte vitamin C levels of 44 pregnant women that did not consume vitamin supplements was evaluated at weeks 20, 28 and 32 of pregnancy. On each evaluation the ...
journal_title：Archives of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
