Abstract:
:311 chemicals were tested under code, for mutagenicity, in Salmonella typhimurium; 35 of the chemicals were tested more than once in the same or different laboratories. The tests were conducted using a preincubation protocol in the absence of exogenous metabolic activation, and in the presence of liver S-9 from Aroclor-induced male Sprague-Dawley rats and Syrian hamsters. Some of the volatile chemicals were also tested in desiccators. A total of 120 chemicals were mutagenic or weakly mutagenic, 3 were judged questionable, and 172 were non-mutagenic. The remaining 16 chemicals produced different responses in the two or three laboratories in which they were tested. The results and data from these tests are presented.
journal_name
Environ Mol Mutagenjournal_title
Environmental and molecular mutagenesisauthors
Zeiger E,Anderson B,Haworth S,Lawlor T,Mortelmans Kdoi
10.1002/em.2850190603subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-01-01 00:00:00pages
2-141eissn
0893-6692issn
1098-2280journal_volume
19 Suppl 21pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Antioxidant vitamins are able to deactivate highly bioactive molecules, such as free radicals, that are generated during cellular biochemical processes. Doxorubicin (DXR) is a cancer chemotherapeutic agent that generates free radicals as a byproduct. In the present study, the Drosophila melanogaster somatic wing spot ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20160
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine whether changes in the repair capacity of blood cells could be used as a valuable biomarker for radiation exposure. To characterize the repair kinetics in nonirradiated and irradiated cells we first performed in vitro split dose experiments. DNA damage and DNA repair capacity w...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2280(1997)30:2<153::aid-em8>3.0
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peripheral lymphocytes from Taiwanese women (n = 35) exposed to polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons and from matched controls (n = 24) were assessed for the levels of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) after a 72-hour incubation of whole blood in the presence or absence of alpha-naphthoflavone (ANF) and for chromosom...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850110103
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A collaborative international trial was conducted to evaluate the reproducibility and transferability of an in vivo mutation assay based on the enumeration of CD59-negative rat erythrocytes, a phenotype that is indicative of Pig-a gene mutation. Fourteen laboratories participated in this study, where anti-CD59-PE, SYT...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20672
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency of 6-thioguanine resistant (TGr) mutants induced in human G0 phase T-lymphocytes by 200 cGy of gamma irradiation is greatly enhanced by incubation with cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) after irradiation. The mutant frequency increased with increasing incubation time in ara-C for up to 2 hr. This mutation ind...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850170403
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental features of a transgenic mouse mutation assay based on a lacI target transgene from Escherichia coli are considered in detail. Sources of variability in the experimental protocol that can affect the statistical nature of the observations are examined with the goal of identifying sources of excess variatio...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850230105
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytochrome P450 (CYP), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and N-acetyltransferase (NAT) are crucial for metabolism and clearance of xenobiotics. This study investigated whether CYP, GST, and NAT single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) in patients with Lynch syndrome. The intera...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.22113
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is known that N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), a carcinogen in rodents, is metabolically activated by microsomal cytochrome P450 to form an alpha-hydroxylated derivative, which induces mutations. The mutations have been demonstrated by use of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. We discovered directly acting mu...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to inorganic arsenic increases the risk of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Arsenic metabolism is a susceptibility factor for arsenic toxicity, and specific haplotypes in arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (AS3MT) have been associated with increased urinary fractions of the most toxic arsenic metabolit...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.21896
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genotoxicity of humic acid and its possible interaction with the herbicides alachlor and maleic hydrazide have been evaluated in cultured human lymphocytes from two donors. Humic acid and the two herbicides have been tested (alone and combined) for sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) induction. In addition, the effect...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2280(1997)29:3<272::aid-em7>3.0
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The centrosome, also known as the microtubule organizing center of the cell, is a membrane-less organelle composed of a pair of barrel-shaped centrioles surrounded by electron-dense pericentriolar material. The centrosome progresses through the centrosome cycle in step with the cell cycle such that centrosomes are dup...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.20533
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetics of micronucleus (MN) induction and decline in blood normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) of mice subchronically exposed to benzene was investigated during and after exposure. Swiss (ICR) male mice (10/group) were given 0.0, 36.6, 73.2, and 146.4 mg/kg body weight benzene by gavage daily for 14 days, except f...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2860120306
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This collection of articles was inspired by the long-standing relationship between the Environmental Mutagen Society and Latin American scientists, and by the program for the 39th Environmental Mutagen Society meeting in Puerto Rico in 2008, which included a symposium featuring "South of the border" scientists. This c...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20563
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic polymorphisms have been reported in several cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes, including CYP1B1 which metabolically activates procarcinogens present in tobacco to carcinogenic intermediates. This study used a case-control approach in North Indian population to determine associations between genetic variants in CYP1B...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.22098
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Male Swiss mice are tested under uniform 50-Hz electric field intensities of 100, 170, 220, and 290 kV/m. These values on the basis of equal induced current density are equivalent to the case of a human exposed to field intensities of nearly 8, 14, 18, and 24 kV/m, respectively. The latter values may be found beneath ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850130204
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of the mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of hispidulin and hortensin, the flavonoids from Millingtonia hortensis L. (Bignoniaceae), were performed using the liquid preincubation method of the Salmonella/microsome test. At the highest dose tested, 100 micrograms/plate, both compounds showed no mutagenicity and ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850200409
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in Taiwanese women. Cigarette smoking cannot explain the high lung cancer mortality in this population because less than 10% of women in Taiwan are smokers. Therefore, environmental factors other than smoking may play an important role in lung cancer development in ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.1037
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate whether blood-based genotoxicity endpoints can provide temporal and dose-response data within the low-dose carcinogenic range that could contribute to carcinogenic mode of action (MoA) assessments, we evaluated the sensitivity of flow cytometry-based micronucleus and Pig-a gene mutation assays at and below...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.21846
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present work we analyse some properties of the pso4-1 (= xs9) mutant of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is blocked in both reverse mutation and recombination. We have applied the "apparent survival test" as a method to characterize putative inducible error-prone repair activities related to the PSO4 g...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850180204
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this research was to study the gaseous and particulate emissions of genotoxic substances during cooking with two types of methane stoves (a new one and an old one). The particulates were sampled both with a cascade impactor air sampler and an impinger with ice trap and analyzed by two bacterial mutagenicity...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of our study was to develop a micronucleus (MN) assay for detecting genotoxic damage after inhalation exposure in mouse alveolar Type II and Clara cells, potential target cells for lung carcinogens. Ten male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to ethylene oxide (630 mg/m(3)) for 4 hr via inhalation; 10 unexposed ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20520
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Micronuclei were assessed among the bone marrow PCEs of mice 28 hr after exposures to 1 to 8 Gy of X-rays and at 6-hr intervals from 12-60 hr after exposures to 2 or 6 Gy. At 28 hr, the frequency of micronuclei declined as the exposure level increased from 1 to 8 Gy. The peak proportion of micronucleated PCEs appeared...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850230209
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alkylating treatments predominantly induce G: C = greater than A:T transitions, consistent with the predicted significance of the miscoding potential of the O6-alG lesion. However, the frequency and distribution of these events induced by any one compound may be diagnostic. SN1 agents that act via an alkyldiazonium ca...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.2850150208
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bhawalpur is a major cotton-growing area in Pakistan. Cotton picking in Pakistan is carried out by females and as a result of the intensive use of pesticides during the growing season these females are exposed to pesticide residues in the picking season. In the present study, peripheral blood was obtained from 69 cott...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20395
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Identification of mutations induced by xenotoxins is a common task in the field of genetic toxicology. Mutations are often detected by clonally expanding potential mutant cells and genotyping each viable clone by Sanger sequencing. Such a "clone-by-clone" approach requires significant time and effort, and sometimes is...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.21992
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutagenicity is an important toxicological endpoint that requires thorough evaluation during the industrial chemical registration process. Regulatory requirements for mutagenicity assessment in registration of industrial chemicals vary in geographic regions (and in some cases by intended application). Here we compile ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.22096
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 1960s witnessed detailed studies on the genetic properties of a large number of histidine-requiring mutants of Salmonella typhimurium. The early 1970s saw development of selected strains, the Ames strains, for use in rapid, cheap, sensitive, and manipulable tests of chemicals and chemical mixtures for genotoxic ac...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850140610
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methyl 3,4-diphenyl-5-hydroxylamino-2-furoate (N-OH-MDPF) (I), methyl 3,4-diphenyl-5-acetoxyamino-2-furoate (N-OAc-MDPF) (II), methyl 3,4-diphenyl-N-hydroxy-5-acetylamino-2-furoate (N-OH-MDPAF) (III), and methyl 3,4-diphenyl-N-acetoxy-5-acetylamino-2-furoate (N-OAc-MDPAF) (IV) were synthesized and tested for mutagenic...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850170204
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tryptophan is metabolized through serotonin, indole, and kynurenine (KN) pathways. Uptake of an excess amount of tryptophan accompanied with vitamin B6 deficiency may result in the accumulation of higher concentrations of metabolites mainly from the KN pathways in the bladder. These metabolites could interact with nit...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.20588
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although not mutagenic by Ames test, 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF), a leading biofuel candidate, was found to induce chromosomal damage in cultured murine cells, suggesting that it may be genotoxic. We sought to prioritize the environmental and biological impacts of using DMF as a combustible biofuel. First, we assessed DMF...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.21702
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00