Impact of EMS outreach: successful developments in Latin America.

abstract：:We evaluated the effects of urban air pollutants on human nasal mucosa over an 8-month period on 102 subjects living in Florence, Tuscany, Italy. A group of subjects living in a city with a lower level of pollution (Sassari, Sardinia, Italy) was also analyzed. Nasal mucosa cells were harvested by brushing, a noninvasi...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Pacini S,Giovannelli L,Gulisano M,Peruzzi B,Polli G,Boddi V,Ruggiero M,Bozzo C,Stomeo F,Fenu G,Pezzatini S,Pitozzi V,Dolara P

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Azidothymidine (AZT) is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) that is used for reducing mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus I. Combinations of AZT and 3'-thiacytidine (3TC) are even more effective than AZT alone. AZT, however, is a mutagen and carcinogen in rodent models and 3TC ...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Dobrovolsky VN,Shaddock JG,Mittelstaedt RA,Bishop ME,Lewis SM,Lee FW,Aidoo A,Leakey JE,Dunnick JK,Heflich RH

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mitochondrial genome is essential for producing ATP (adenosine 5'-triphosphate) via oxidative phosphorylation. The gradual decline of mitochondrial function with age has long been postulated as a factor in aging. More recently, a variety of diseases have been related to molecular defects in human mitochondrial DNA...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Grossman LI

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lack of cell surface glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein(s) has been used as a reporter of Pig-a gene mutation in several model systems. As an extension of this work, our laboratory initiated development of an in vitro mutation assay based on the flow cytometric assessment of CD90.2 expression on the c...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Bemis JC,Avlasevich SL,Labash C,McKinzie P,Revollo J,Dobrovolsky VN,Dertinger SD

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the influence of DNA repair by Ogt alkyltransferase on the distribution of alkylnitrosourea-induced mutations, we have analysed in Ogt-proficient and Ogt-deficient bacterial strains the DNA sequence changes of a total of 357 independent mutations occurring within the initial part of the lacl gene of Esche...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Vidal A,Abril N,Pueyo C

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Structural, and numeric chromosome aberrations (CA), sister-chromatid exchange (SCE), phytohemagglutinin stimulation (LI), proliferative rate index (PRI), and UV light-induced unscheduled DNA-synthesis (UDS) were investigated in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of 48 historical controls ("Controls"); of 14 hospital ...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Major J,Jakab MG,Tompa A

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method was developed to detect aneuploidy and diploidy in epididymal sperm of rats using DNA probes specific for chromosomes 4 and Y. Fourteen healthy young-adult rats from three strains were evaluated: inbred Fisher 344/N/ehs, outbred Sprague-Dawley, and outbred ...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Lowe XR,de Stoppelaar JM,Bishop J,Cassel M,Hoebee B,Moore D 2nd,Wyrobek AJ

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a mutagenic carcinogen that is ubiquitous in our environment. To better understand the toxic effects of BaP and to explore the relationship between toxicity and toxicogenomics profiles, we assessed global mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) expression in Muta™Mouse. Adult male mice were exposed by oral g...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Malik AI,Williams A,Lemieux CL,White PA,Yauk CL

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Coal tar (CT) is a thick black liquid produced as a by-product of coal carbonization to produce coke or manufactured gas. It is comprised a complex mixture of polycyclic aromatic compounds, including a wide range of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), many of which are genotoxic and carcinogenic. CT is used in so...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Long AS,Watson M,Arlt VM,White PA

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:O6-alkylguanine DNA-alkyltransferase (AGT) is a widely distributed DNA repair protein that protects living organisms from endogenous and exogenous alkylation damage to DNA at the O6-position of guanine. The search of the C. elegans genome database for an AGT protein revealed the presence of a protein (cAGT-2) with som...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Kanugula S,Pegg AE

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is known that N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), a carcinogen in rodents, is metabolically activated by microsomal cytochrome P450 to form an alpha-hydroxylated derivative, which induces mutations. The mutations have been demonstrated by use of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. We discovered directly acting mu...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Arimoto-Kobayashi S,Inada N,Anma N,Shimada H,Hayatsu H

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vivo model Drosophila melanogaster was used here to determine the detrimental effects induced by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exposure. The main aim was to explore its interaction with the intestinal barrier and the genotoxic effects induced in hemocytes. The observed effects were compared with those obtained b...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Alaraby M,Romero S,Hernández A,Marcos R

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This laboratory has previously described a method for scoring the incidence of rodent blood Pig-a mutant phenotype erythrocytes using immunomagnetic separation in conjunction with flow cytometric analysis (In Vivo MutaFlow®). The current work extends this approach to human blood. The frequencies of CD59- and CD55-nega...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Dertinger SD,Avlasevich SL,Bemis JC,Chen Y,MacGregor JT

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In industrialized countries, heart disease rates are higher among women after menopause. Recent studies indicate that consumption of phytoestorogens, e.g., isoflavones such as genistein (GE), may have potential cardiovascular health benefits; however, no studies have evaluated the effect of these agents on toxicant-in...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Manjanatha MG,Shelton SD,Rhodes BS,Bishop ME,Lyn-Cook LE,Aidoo A

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The modulating effects of tannic acid (TA) on somatic mutation and mitotic recombination induced by methylmethanesulfonate (MMS), nitrogen mustard (HN2), and mitomycin C (MMC) were evaluated in the standard (ST) cross of the wing spot test in Drosophila melanogaster using co- and posttreatment protocols. It was shown ...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Lehmann M,Graf U,Reguly ML,Rodrigues De Andrade HH

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A mutagenesis moonshot addressing the influence of the environment on our genetic wellbeing was launched just 2 months before astronauts landed on the moon. Its impetus included the discovery that X-rays (Muller HJ. [1927]: Science 64:84-87) and chemicals (Auerbach and Robson. [1946]: Nature 157:302) were germ-cell mu...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： DeMarini DM

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:AQ-13 ([N1-(7-chloro-quinolin-4yl)-3-(N3,N3-diethylamino)propylamine] dihydrochloride trihydrate) is an aminoquinoline antimalarial drug that is effective against chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. It is structurally similar to the widely used chloroquine diphosphate (CQ). We evaluated these drugs...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Riccio ES,Lee PS,Winegar RA,Krogstad DJ,De D,Mirsalis JC

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genomes of all living organisms are constantly threatened by endogenous and exogenous agents that challenge the chemical integrity of DNA. Most bacteria have evolved a coordinated response to DNA damage. In Escherichia coli, this inducible system is termed the SOS response. The SOS global regulatory network consists o...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Maslowska KH,Makiela-Dzbenska K,Fijalkowska IJ

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene therapy has been proposed to have implications in the treatment of cancer. By genetically manipulating the hematopoietic stem cell compartment with genes that confer resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, the dose escalation that is necessary to effectively treat the cancers could potentially be achieved. DNA rep...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Limp-Foster M,Kelley MR

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is estimated that 15% of all cancers are etiologically linked to viral infection. Specific cancers including adult T-cell leukemia, hepatocellular carcinoma, and uterine cervical cancer are associated with infection by human T-cell leukemia virus type I, hepatitis B virus, and high-risk human papilloma virus, respe...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Gatza ML,Chandhasin C,Ducu RI,Marriott SJ

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutagenicity is an important toxicological endpoint that requires thorough evaluation during the industrial chemical registration process. Regulatory requirements for mutagenicity assessment in registration of industrial chemicals vary in geographic regions (and in some cases by intended application). Here we compile ...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Ji Z,Ball NS,LeBaron MJ

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study presents the first application of an in vivo alkaline comet assay using haemocytes of Drosophila melanogaster larvae. These cells, which play a role similar to that of mammalian blood, can be easily obtained and represent an overall exposure of the treated larvae. To validate the assay, we evaluated the res...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Carmona ER,Guecheva TN,Creus A,Marcos R

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is scientific and regulatory interest in using mutation assays in transgenic mice in safety assessments for new chemicals and drugs. Currently these assays are in the process of being validated, and protocols for routine testing are being defined. Some of the issues and results to date with regard to assay valid...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Gorelick NJ

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe an in vivo mutagenesis model that utilizes reverse mutation and forward mutation at the endogenous Aprt locus. Reverse mutation provides an in situ method for detecting environments or agents that cause point mutations. Forward mutation detects large chromosomal events, including mitotic recombination, chr...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Stambrook PJ,Shao C,Stockelman M,Boivin G,Engle SJ,Tischfield JA

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several genotoxicity endpoints have been evaluated to define nonlinear dose-responses for SN 1 and SN 2 alkylating genotoxicants. Dose-response studies acknowledging the process of multistage tumorigenesis are important; however, data pertaining nonlinearity are not yet available. In this communication, the role of DN...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Becker K,Thomas AD,Kaina B

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Risk estimates for radiation-induced cancer in humans are based on epidemiological data largely drawn from the Japanese atomic bomb survivor studies, which received an acute high dose rate (HDR) ionising radiation. Limited knowledge exists about the effects of chronic low dose rate (LDR) exposure, particularly with re...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Graupner A,Eide DM,Brede DA,Ellender M,Lindbo Hansen E,Oughton DH,Bouffler SD,Brunborg G,Olsen AK

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genotoxicity of humic acid and its possible interaction with the herbicides alachlor and maleic hydrazide have been evaluated in cultured human lymphocytes from two donors. Humic acid and the two herbicides have been tested (alone and combined) for sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) induction. In addition, the effect...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Ribas G,Carbonell E,Creus A,Xamena N,Marcos R

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aldehydes are widespread environmental and industrial compounds, able to stimulate a range of adverse health effects (e.g., general toxicity, allergenic reactions, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity). We have previously presented quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) for the genotoxicity of simple and a...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Benigni R,Conti L,Crebelli R,Rodomonte A,Vari' MR

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study we evaluated the antigenotoxic and cytoprotective capabilities of WR-2721 [S-2-(3-aminopropylamino)-ethylphosphorothioic acid (amifostine)] in different normal tissues of BALB/c mice treated with idarubicin [4-demethoxydaunorubicin (IDA)]. The aminothiol WR-2721 is a pro-drug that requires dephosphorylat...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： de Campos Nebel M,Larripa I,González-Cid M

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Identification of mutations induced by xenotoxins is a common task in the field of genetic toxicology. Mutations are often detected by clonally expanding potential mutant cells and genotyping each viable clone by Sanger sequencing. Such a "clone-by-clone" approach requires significant time and effort, and sometimes is...

journal_title：Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

authors： Revollo JR,Crabtree NM,Pearce MG,Pacheco-Martinez MM,Dobrovolsky VN

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00