Abstract:
:Both Snell (Pit-1(dw) or (dwj), dw/dw) and Ames (Prophet of Pit-1(df), df/df) dwarf mice fail to produce prolactin (PRL) as well as GH due to deficient transcription factor Pit-1 activity and have reduced numbers of hypothalamic PRL-inhibiting area A12 tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic (TIDA) neurons. It has been reported that the TIDA deficit in Ames dwarf mice develops postnatally as a reduction in number after an initial increase that is comparable to that of normal siblings. The present study was designed to characterize A12 TIDA neuronal development in the Snell dwarf (dw/dw) compared with littermate normal mice. Brains of normal (DW/?) and dw(j)/dw(j) mice were examined at 7, 14, 21, 30, and > or = 60 postnatal days (d) by catecholamine fluorescence and quantification of neuron number after tyrosine hydroxylase immunostaining in dopaminergic (DA) areas A12, A13 (medial zona incerta), and A14 (periventricular nucleus). Fluorescence was less in dw/dw than in DW/? A12 perikarya and median eminence but was not reduced in other DA areas, such as substantia nigra, at all ages; A12 fluorescence was virtually absent in Snell dwarf adults. Numbers of TIDA neurons were comparable in normal and Snell dwarf mice at 7 d. In normal (DW/?) mice, A12 neurons increased in number to adult levels at 14 d and were significantly higher than in Snell dwarf (dw/dw) mice at 14 d (P < 0.05) and at subsequent ages (P < 0.01). In Snell dwarf mice, numbers of A12 neurons did not differ at 7, 14, and 21 d, decreased at 30 d (P < 0.05), and reached, at 60 d, 23% of the population in normal sibling mice (P < 0.01 compared with earlier ages). Neuron numbers in nonhypophysiotropic DA area A13 did not vary with age or phenotype. In A14, cell number was higher in both phenotypes at 14 d (P < 0.05 for DW/?; P < 0.01 for dw/dw); neuron number was lower in dw/dw than in DW/? mice at 30 d (P < 0.05) and 60 d (P < 0.01). Thus, compared with normal mice of the same strain, the A12 deficit is more severe in Snell (dw/dw) than in Ames (df/df) dwarf hypothalamus (48% of DF/?), as previously reported, and develops as a decline from the population present at 7 d rather than first increasing. A reduction in A14 neuron number also occurs in the Snell dwarf. Treatment of DW/dw- and dw/dw-containing litters with ovine PRL (50 mug/d, ip), beginning at 12 or 7 d and continuing until 42 d, resulted in TIDA neuron numbers in Snell dwarfs that were lower than those in normal siblings (P < 0.01 for both) but were higher than in untreated adult dwarfs and comparable to the TIDA population size in dwarfs at 7 d, indicating that PRL maintained this maximal number and prevented TIDA neuron dedifferentiation, which occurs in dwarf postnatal development.
journal_name
Endocrinologyjournal_title
Endocrinologyauthors
Phelps CJdoi
10.1210/en.2004-0931subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-12-01 00:00:00pages
5656-64issue
12eissn
0013-7227issn
1945-7170pii
en.2004-0931journal_volume
145pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ENDOCRINOLOGY文献大全abstract::Molecular size heterogeneities of PRL and GH in mice of the high mammary tumor C3H/St strain and low mammary tumor C57BL/St strain were compared under different physiological states. At least three size variants, the big (void volume), the intermediate (dimeric), and the little (monomeric) forms, of both hormones were...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-107-6-1959
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The proliferation and differentiation of testicular progenitor stem cells into highly specialized germ cells (spermatozoa) are largely controlled by the hormonally (FSH and testosterone) regulated adjacent supporting Sertoli cells. However, the factors involved in this control remain largely unknown. In the present st...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.141.8.7625
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to elucidate potential sites of direct GH action on the kidney, we used in situ hybridization to localize GH receptor (GHR) gene expression during the course of development and in the adult rat. In order to illuminate potential interactions between GH and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in regulating ren...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.131.6.1446640
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Altered leptin action has been implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure in obesity, a hallmark of which is extracellular matrix remodeling. Here, we characterize the direct influence of leptin on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in primary adult rat cardiac fibroblasts and focus on elucidating the mol...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2010-1166
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice deficient in the thyroid hormone (TH) transporter Mct8 (Mct8KO) have increased 5'-deiodination and impaired TH secretion and excretion. These and other unknown mechanisms result in the low-serum T(4), high T(3), and low rT(3) levels characteristic of Mct8 defects. We investigated to what extent each of the 5'-dei...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2010-0900
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the relative contribution of the GH/IGF axis to the development of peak bone mineral density (BMD), we measured skeletal changes in IGF-I knockout (KO), IGF-II KO, and GH-deficient lit/lit mice and their corresponding control mice at d 23 (prepubertal), 31 (pubertal), and 56 (postpubertal) in the entire fe...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2002-220948
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::During preimplantation development in the mouse, it is crucial that glucose metabolism not be compromised. Any decrease in glucose uptake at this stage in development can compromise the developing embryo. We have cloned another member of the glucose transporter family, GLUT9, which is expressed embryonically. Three di...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2003-1264
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inside-out plasma membrane vesicles from a glucose-responsive rat insulinoma showed an ATP- and Mg2(+)-dependent uptake of Ca2+. The Km (concentration giving half-maximal activity) for Ca2+ was 60 nM. In the presence of 0.4 microM free Ca2+, the Km for ATP was 15 microM, and the Km for Mg2+ was 4 microM. Glucose (30 m...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-128-3-1381
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Excess of glucocorticoids (GCs) is a leading cause of bone fragility, and therapeutic targets are sorely needed. We report that genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) prevents GC-induced bone loss by overriding GC effects of detachment-induced bone cell apoptosis (anoik...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2019-00237
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the interaction of estrogen with GnRH on the regulation of LH subunit mRNA in female hypogonadal (hpg) mice receiving constant frequency and amplitude pulsatile GnRH treatment for up to 18 days. The level of cytosolic common alpha mRNA in female hpg mouse pituitaries was 45 +/- 6% of normal female...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-124-4-1744
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early obesity and late onset of insulin resistance associated with hormonal imbalances occur in FSH receptor-deficient follitropin receptor knockout female mice. This study tests the hypothesis that chronic high-fat diet aggravates obesogenic changes in a depot-specific manner and explores some molecular links of horm...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2007-0647
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A member of the interferon-inducible p200 family of proteins, p204, has recently been reported to function in the development of many mesoderm-derived tissues, such as bone, muscle, and cartilage. However, no published study has yet investigated the role of p204 in adipogenesis. Our preliminary experiments showed that...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2009-1381
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian ovaries contain sympathetic neurons expressing the low affinity neurotropin receptor (p75NTR). To date neither the role these neurons might play in ovarian physiology nor their embryological origin is known. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect postnatal changes in distribution and number of both p75NTR-p...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2006-0394
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 2 deiodinase (D2), which is highly expressed in brown adipose tissue (BAT), is an enzyme that amplifies thyroid hormone signaling in individual cells. Mice with inactivation of the D2 pathway (D2KO) exhibit dramatically impaired thermogenesis in BAT, leading to hypothermia during cold exposure and a greater susce...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2010-0511
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biological actions of natriuretic peptide (NP) are determined by the condition of the receptor as well as that of the hormone. Although we previously demonstrated in hypertensive rats the up-regulation of NP-A receptor that mediates various biological actions of NPs, the pathophysiologic significance of NP-C receptor,...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.137.3.8603580
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons act to sense and coordinate the brain's responses to metabolic cues. One neuronal network that is very sensitive to metabolic status is that controlling fertility. In this study, we investigated the impact of neuropeptides released by NPY and POM...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1470
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization studies of sheep, goats, and rodents indicated that kisspeptin (KP), neurokinin B (NKB), and dynorphin A (DYN) are extensively colocalized in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, thus providing a basis for the KP/NKB/DYN (KNDy) neuron concept; in both sexes, KNDy neu...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1545
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monolayer cultures of mouse adrenal tumor cell line Y-1 have been used to investigate the effects of glucocorticoid on cell replication, [3H]thymidine incorporation into the trichloroacetic acid-precipitated cell fraction, steroidogenesis, and the ACTH receptors of adrenocortical cells. Corticosterone at a concentrati...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-104-2-487
更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acromegaly is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. Transgenic mice expressing bovine GH (bGH) gene have previously been used to examine the effects of chronic GH stimulation on cardiovascular function. Results concerning systolic blood pressure (SBP) in bGH mice are conflicting. We hypothe...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2013-1899
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of insulin and glucose, alone and combined, on diacylglycerol (DAG), protein kinase-C (PKC), and glucose transport were compared in rat adipocytes and solei incubated in medium containing 0-20 mM glucose. In both tissues insulin rapidly stimulated [3H]DAG production from [3H]glycerol; extracellular glucose...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-128-6-2937
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::3-Iodothyronamine (3-T 1 AM) and thyronamine (T AM) are novel endogenous signaling molecules that exhibit great structural similarity to thyroid hormones but apparently antagonize classical thyroid hormone (T(3)) actions. Their proposed biosynthesis from thyroid hormones would require decarboxylation and more or less ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2007-1678
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study investigated whether activation of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway might mediate at least in part the high glucose effect on angiotensinogen (ANG) gene expression and immortalized renal proximal tubular cell (IRPTC) hypertrophy. IRPTC were cultured in monolayer. ANG, renin, and beta-actin mRNA ex...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2003-0220
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leptin signaling in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) is hypothesized to play an important role in energy homeostasis. To investigate whether leptin signaling limited to this brain area is sufficient to reduce food intake and body weight, we used adenoviral gene therapy to express the signaling isoform of the lep...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2002-0115
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The iodothyronine deiodinases, D1, D2, and D3, all contain selenium (Se) in the form of selenocysteine at their active sites, and they play crucial roles in determining the circulating and intracellular levels of the active thyroid hormone (TH), T3. However, not only are serum T3 levels normal in Se-deficient rats but...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.141.7.7571
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing cells whose normal function depends in part upon their ability to migrate over the bone surface to initiate new sites of bone resorption. The growth factor/cytokine, colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1), potently stimulates osteoclast motility, in a c-src-dependent fashion. The intracellu...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.141.6.7480
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulation of galanin gene expression in the anterior pituitary (AP) is positively influenced by estrogen in rodents and undetermined in humans. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism behind estrogen induction of galanin by identifying any putative estrogen receptor (ER) binding sequences within ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.138.11.5507
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retinoic acid (RA) slows growth and induces differentiation of tumor cells through activation of RA receptors (RARs). However, melanoma cell lines display highly variable responsiveness to RA, which is a poorly understood phenomenon. By using Northern and Western blot analyses, we show that RA-resistant A375 and RA-re...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.142.6.8201
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a member of the steroid-thyroid hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors with diverse functions including the biological actions of aldosterone. Identification of the various transcriptional coregulators of MR is essential for understanding the compl...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2017-00095
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Corticostatin-I (CSI) is the most potent of the corticostatic peptides isolated from rabbit lungs and neutrophils. CSI was localized in cells by immunohistochemistry using highly specific polyclonal antisera raised against the synthetic peptide. Western blot showed a single 4-kilodalton band, indicating that the antib...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.132.6.8504740
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ghrelin is a peptide hormone primarily produced in the previously unidentified X/A endocrine cells of the stomach. Extensive studies have focused on the effects of ghrelin on growth hormone release and appetite regulation. However, the mechanisms regulating ghrelin secretion are less understood. In the present study, ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1040
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00