Abstract:
:The placenta plays a key role in pregnancy, mediating exchanges between mother and fetus and maternal tolerance of fetopaternal antigens. In some species, it also produces hormones that ensure the maintenance of gestation and fetal well-being. This unique organ also has considerable potential for use as a model for various aspects of biology. Indeed, the use of transgenic mouse models has greatly improved our understanding of the genetic control of placental development in this species and has opened up new fields of investigation in developmental biology. Analogous cell types have been identified among human and murine trophoblasts: proliferative trophoblastic cells, invasive trophoblastic cells and cells differentiating into syncytium, but human and mouse placentas differ in both morphogenesis and endocrine function. Herein, the similarities and differences between the human and mouse models are reviewed, with a view to encouraging caution in the extrapolation of results from one model to the other.
journal_name
Hum Reprod Updatejournal_title
Human reproduction updateauthors
Malassiné A,Frendo JL,Evain-Brion Ddoi
10.1093/humupd/dmg043subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-11-01 00:00:00pages
531-9issue
6eissn
1355-4786issn
1460-2369journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Apoptosis is a selective process for deletion of cells in various biological systems. This event, similar to proliferation, is tightly regulated, with both processes playing essential roles in the homeostasis of renewable tissues. In human endometrium, proliferation and apoptosis occur at opposing poles of the menstru...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/1.4.303
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids) are highly prevalent benign smooth muscle tumors of the uterus. In the USA, the lifetime risk for women developing uterine leiomyomas is estimated as up to 75%. Except for hysterectomy, most therapies or treatments often provide only partial or temporary relief and are not succe...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmv030
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Relatively recent discoveries of the hormone disrupting properties of some pesticides have raised interest in how contemporary pesticide exposures, which primarily take the form of low level environmental or occupational exposures, impact spermatogenesis. The objective of the present review was to summarize results to...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmm039
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The menopausal transition is an area of active clinical investigation and epidemiological research. Recent results from several worldwide cohorts of women are beginning to provide a paradigm by which to explain the epidemiological and clinical manifestations of the ovarian process of follicle attrition. Genetic resear...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/8.2.155
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hirsutism is the presence of excess body or facial terminal (coarse) hair growth in females in a male-like pattern, affects 5-15% of women, and is an important sign of underlying androgen excess. Different methods are available for the assessment of hair growth in women. METHODS:We conducted a literature se...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmp024
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Infertility affects ∼7% of all men. Despite much progress, mainly in genetics, its etiology remains obscure in ∼50% of cases. To fill this gap, imaging of the male genital tract (MGT) has progressively expanded, providing useful information in the assessment of MGT abnormalities. METHODS:A critical, systema...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmu042
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The use of nuclear transfer (NT) has been proposed as a novel reproductive treatment to overcome the transmission of maternally-inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. Pathogenic mutations in mtDNA can cause a wide-spectrum of life-limiting disorders, collectively known as mtDNA disease, for which the...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmx018
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) occurs in 1-3% of all couples trying to conceive. No consensus exists regarding when to perform testing for risk factors in couples with RPL. Some guidelines recommend testing if a patient has had two pregnancy losses whereas others advise to test after three losses. OBJECTIVE...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmz048
更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::During the elongating spermatid stage of spermiogenesis, human sperm chromatin undergoes a complex transition in which histones are extensively replaced by protamines in a carefully regulated transition including histone modifications and intermediate and temporary replacement of the histones by sperm-specific transit...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/dml057
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Millions of women worldwide use combined oral contraception (COC). Most of them are in good health and have no contraindications to using any contraceptive method. Although extremely safe for the vast majority of women and even though the absolute risk of complications is very small, COC is associated with an increase...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmh031
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The reproductive impact of adenomyosis and endometriosis is widely researched but the extent of these impacts remains elusive. It has been demonstrated that endometriosis, in particular, is known to result in subfertility but endometriosis and adenomyosis are increasingly linked to late pregnancy complicatio...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmz012
更新日期:2019-09-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Estrogens are known to orchestrate reproductive events and to regulate the immune system during infections and following tissue damage. Recent findings suggest that, in the absence of any danger signal, estrogens trigger the physiological expansion and functional specialization of macrophages, which are immu...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmy026
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Important roles for G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been identified in the maternal physiological adaptations to pregnancy and in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. On this basis, GPCRs are potential therapeutic targets for preeclampsia. OBJECTIVES AND RATIONALE:In this review, vasopressin and apeli...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmw021
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The existence of stem/progenitor cells in the endometrium was postulated many years ago, but the first functional evidence was only published in 2004. The identification of rare epithelial and stromal populations of clonogenic cells in human endometrium has opened an active area of research on endometrial st...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmv051
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mucin glycoproteins are major constituents of the glycocalyx that covers mucosal epithelium. Two broad classes of mucins exist: membrane-associated and secretory. Of the secreted mucins, those with cysteine-rich regions are thought to polymerize through disulphide bonds. Among these gel-forming mucins are MUC2, MUC5AC...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/5.4.280
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Great progress had been achieved during the last 20 years in the field of ovulation induction in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Clomiphene citrate remains the first line of treatment for all anovulatory women with PCOS, since in properly selected patients the cumulative pregnancy rate approaches that ...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/3.3.235
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the last decade oocyte donation has been highly successful for treating women previously thought to be hopelessly infertile. The pregnancy rate after oocyte donation is among the highest reported for any fertility-enhancing procedure. Most investigators have noted an increased rate of obstetric complications in...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/7.1.28
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of physical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy and microprobe analysis permits the analysis of valuable details of the structure of dried samples of mid-cycle cervical mucus during the period of maximum ferning. From a crystallographic point of view, particular attention was paid to the location, ...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/humupd/3.4.347
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior to the development of high-throughput methods for the analysis of differential gene expression, genes required for proper ovarian function were identified on a case-by-case basis. Recently, however, several techniques have been developed that enable investigators to study large-scale changes in gene expression u...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmh017
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The effect of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk remains controversial. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE:We aimed to systematically review the evidence regarding the role of dose, route of hormone administration, timing of initiation and duration of HT on cardiovascular risk amo...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmy039
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes the ethical and legal aspects of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) that have been instituted in European countries. The data were collected from questionnaires circulated to fertility centres in 39 countries in Europe. Ninety six ART centres were located in 30 of these countries. Nine coun...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/3.2.173
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Threatened miscarriage affects one in five women and is associated with significant emotional distress. The uncertainty around the prognosis of threatened miscarriage makes it equally challenging to the healthcare professionals. Various biochemical markers have been investigated in the past to predict the ou...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmv054
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Transfer of more than a single embryo in an IVF cycle comes with the finite possibility of a multiple gestation. Even a twin pregnancy confers significant risk to both mother and babies. The move to single-embryo transfer for all patients will be greatly facilitated by the ability to quantify embryo viabilit...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmu064
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polychlorinated dioxins, furans and polychlorinated benzene constitute a family of toxic persistent environmental pollutants. In Europe, environmental concentrations increased slowly throughout this century until the late 1980s. Dioxins have been shown to be carcinogenic in animals and humans. In humans, excess risks ...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/7.3.331
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has long been known that the testis is an immunologically privileged site in the body, and that human seminal plasma possesses a generalized immunosuppressive activity. Multiple factors participate in the establishment of immunotolerance in the testis: the blood-tubular barrier; the local production of immunosuppre...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/7.5.444
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:With the recent development of CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 genome editing technology, the possibility to genetically manipulate the human germline (gametes and embryos) has become a distinct technical possibility. Although many technical challenges still need to be...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmw005
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-borne virus of the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus. ZIKV is currently the focus of an ongoing pandemic and worldwide public health emergency. Although originally isolated in 1947, its pathogenesis was poorly known and very few documented infections were published until...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmx024
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is one of the two pituitary gonadotrophins involved in the regulation of gonadal function. Structurally, this gonadotrophin is a heterodimer composed of two non-covalently associated subunits containing several heterogenous oligosaccharide residues which play an important role in bot...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/4.3.260
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pregnancy induces physiological alterations in thyroid function which may make difficult the interpretation of results of thyroid hormone measurement. A state of hyperstimulation of the thyroid gland is common in early pregnancy. In a few cases, thyroid hormone values will deviate from the normal range, which correspo...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/humupd/dmh008
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1987, Nigel Harris cautioned against over-diagnosing the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). In what was a rather prophetic editorial titled 'The Syndrome of the Black Swan', he suggested that while patients with APS do indeed exist, they are probably much more unusual than many medical professionals might like to bel...
journal_title:Human reproduction update
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1093/humupd/dms020
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00