Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Laboratory tests can be an important source of blood loss in hospitals, especially for newborns and patients in intensive care. The aim of this study was to quantify blood loss for laboratory diagnostic tests in a large number of patients in a teaching hospital. METHODS:We estimated blood loss by multiplying the number and volumes of sampling tubes collected from 2654 adult inpatients. We compared the number of tests per patient for all inpatients and intensive care unit patients during the first period and again in the same time period 1 year later when cumulative blood-loss volumes were being reported to physicians and educational information had been given to decrease blood loss from laboratory tests. RESULTS:For 95% of the patients, blood loss during hospitalization was <196 mL. The largest proportion of the blood samples was used for clinical chemical tests (median, 45%), followed by hematologic (median, 26%) and coagulation (median, 17%) tests. In the surgical and cardiovascular surgical intensive care units, however, blood gas analyses accounted for 19-34% (medians) of the use. For 5% of the patients, all undergoing intensive care, blood loss was >200 mL and for 0.7% was >600 mL during their hospital stay. Such high blood losses were observed in patients with long-term ventilation, coagulation disorders, and repeated surgery. The largest median blood loss was in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery (median, 201 mL). The mean number of tests was 44 per inpatient before cumulative blood loss was being reported and 46 when it was being reported. CONCLUSIONS:Blood loss from laboratory diagnostic testing is not likely to pose a problem for most hospitalized patients. Blood loss is greater in intensive care patients and after cardiovascular surgical procedures. Reporting of the cumulative individual blood loss did not decrease blood loss for laboratory testing.
journal_name
Clin Chemjournal_title
Clinical chemistryauthors
Wisser D,van Ackern K,Knoll E,Wisser H,Bertsch Tdoi
10.1373/49.10.1651subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-10-01 00:00:00pages
1651-5issue
10eissn
0009-9147issn
1530-8561journal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Polyacrylamide has been the matrix of choice for isoelectric focusing owing to the virtual absence of electroendosmosis in this medium. Certain inherent limitations associated with polyacrylamide have prompted some investigators to use low-electroendosmosis agarose for isoelectric focusing, but with limited success th...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The increasing use of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) for disease diagnosis and therapy has created a class of patients at risk for systematic error in clinical testing due to interference by human anti-murine antibodies (HAMA). HAMA interference is often difficult to detect and can cause either an increase or a decrease...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To compare six assays of hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid; HYA) in serum, developed in different laboratories, we analyzed 10 samples from each of three groups: healthy persons, patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, and patients with rheumatoid arthritis. All the assays are based on the use of affinity proteins specific...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a procedure for determining fecal long-chain fatty acids (LCFA), triglycerides, and cholesterol after detergent extraction with 10 mL/L Triton X-100, 6 mL/L Brij 30, and 0.1 mol/L HCl in isotonic saline by enzymatic analysis of the extraction supernates. Mean recoveries of calibrators ranged from 105% to 117...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous outcome measures can be used to characterize and compare the performance of alternative quality-control (QC) strategies. The performance measure traditionally used in the QC planning process is the probability of rejecting an analytical run when a critical out-of-control error condition exists. Another perfor...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe the case of a three-year-old girl with Wilms' tumor, whose serum showed at least a fivefold increase in relative viscosity although concentrations of albumin and immunoglobulins were normal. An unusual electrophoretogram of serum protein prompted further investigation. The increased viscosity was caused by...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Simple, reproducible assays are needed for the quantification of sphingolipids, ceramide (Cer), and sphingoid bases. We developed an HPLC method for simultaneous quantification of total plasma concentrations of Cer, glucosylceramide (GlcCer), and ceramide trihexoside (CTH). METHODS:After addition of sphinga...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2006.079012
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new method for quantifying specific amino acids in small volumes of plasma and whole blood has been developed. Based on isotope-dilution tandem mass spectrometry, the method takes only a few minutes to perform and requires minimal sample preparation. The accurate assay of both phenylalanine and tyrosine in dried blo...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Kallikrein-related peptidase 6 (KLK6), a member of the serine protease family of kallikrein (KLK) genes, is dysregulated in ovarian carcinomas (OCa) and its overexpression is associated with poor prognosis. Regulation of its expression is poorly understood and is likely to be influenced by multiple mechanism...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2012.193060
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the effects on plasma osteocalcin concentrations of different anticoagulants used to collect the blood samples. Plasma osteocalcin concentrations measured by enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoassay are influenced by the nature of the anticoagulants used. The most significant difference between concentr...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared cyclosporine concentrations in whole blood as measured by HPLC and by RIA with a monoclonal antibody specific for cyclosporine with 3H- or 125I-labeled cyclosporine ligand. The 3H-RIA kit slightly underestimated cyclosporine concentrations (greater than 600 micrograms/L) in comparison with HPLC. Over a wid...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Monoclonal antibody CKM-G01 inhibited greater than 99% of the activity of porcine and human creatine kinase(CK)-MM isoenzyme purified from muscle. However, it inhibited only 54% of CK-MM in human serum. Chromatofocusing of serum CK-MM showed that CKM-G01 inhibited 100% of MM3 but not isoform MM1. CKM-G01 inhibited CK-...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The "unit" for "enzymic activity" (U = 1 micromol/min) was recommended by the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUB) in 1961 and is widely used in medical laboratory reports. The general trend in metrology, however, is toward global standardization through defining units coherent wit...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We evaluated a new agarose-gel-electrophoretic procedure (Corning) (I) for separating and quantitating of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), comparing it with the modified Lipid Research Clinics (LRC) procedure (heparin 183 kilounits/L, MnCl2 92 mmol/L) (II). Method I was insensitive to an HDLC concentration...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a mechanized chromogenic assay for factor X, the results of which correlate well with those for the one-stage clotting assays for factor X in which it is activated either via the extrinsic pathway by thromboplastin or directly by Russell's viper venom. We purified human factor X and raised monospecific ant...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recurrent pregnancy loss, (RPL) affecting 1%-2% of couples, is defined as ≥3 consecutive pregnancy losses before 20-week' gestation. Women with RPL are routinely screened for etiological factors, but routine screening of male partners is not currently recommended. Recently it has been suggested that sperm qu...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2018.289348
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycophenolate mofetil, the prodrug form of the immunosuppressive agent mycophenolic acid (MPA), is currently in clinical trials evaluating its effectiveness in transplant recipients. In this study, we validated an ultrafiltration system for the reliable measurement of free MPA. Using this technique, we evaluated facto...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Bilirubin has antioxidative and cytoprotective properties. Low plasma concentrations of bilirubin are reportedly associated with the development of coronary and cerebrovascular disease, and bilirubin concentrations are strongly correlated with the enzyme activity of the hepatic uridine diphosphate glucuronos...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2007.102046
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a simple method for subclass typing of IgG paraproteins, with which we have demonstrated a large number of paraproteins that were undetected by conventional immunofixation techniques. The types and distribution of IgG subclass paraproteins were analyzed in 92 human sera in which IgG paraproteins had been de...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An oligonucleotide "melting" procedure was developed whereby we can monitor for a sequence heterogeneity in the gene for apolipoprotein E production. Two oligonucleotides were synthesized, one recognizing the common epsilon 3 allele but not the common epsilon 2 allele, the other recognizing the epsilon 2 allele but no...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Direct equilibrium dialysis and direct ultrafiltration free thyroxine (T(4)) assays rely on semipermeable membranes to exclude T(4)-binding serum proteins from dialysates and ultrafiltrates. The presence of these proteins in dialysates or ultrafiltrates will yield spuriously high free T(4) values when free T...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2007.085316
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2008.109173
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We describe a simple tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system PCR (T-ARMS-PCR) for detecting MUTYH mutations, which are associated with colorectal adenomas and colorectal cancer. METHODS:We designed specific T-ARMS-PCR assays for 6 mutations (Y165C, G382D, 1395_7delGGA, Y90X, 1103delC, and R231...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2005.060137
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serum amyloid A (SAA), a sensitive acute-phase protein, is the precursor of AA fibrils in reactive amyloidosis. However, SAA is poorly immunogenic, and development and standardization of immunoassays of this protein have been difficult. We established an automated polyclonal/monoclonal microparticle capture enzyme imm...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Risk can lead to catastrophe. Risk-management systems are highly effective in preventing the catastrophes of fire, earthquakes, and work-site injuries. No such effective systems are present to prevent health and social problems. A practical, cost-effective system to manage risk in children is being developed by the no...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) guidelines recommend development of direct assays for LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) measurement, but it is unclear how these assays compare with Friedewald calculation in predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS:In a study of 27 331 healthy women with triglyce...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2008.117929
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00
