Abstract:
:There are two classes of autoimmune disease, organ-specific and non-organ specific or systemic. That cells producing autoantibodies are selected by antigen is strongly suggested by the presence of mutations and high affinity antibody. T-cells are pivotal in all forms of autoimmunity as evidenced by the therapeutic benefit of anti-T-cell monoclonals such as anti-CD4, and the frequent development of high affinity IgG autoantibodies. The production of anergic T-cells by the use of non-depleting anti-CD4 in the presence of antigen is discussed with particular reference to its potential for immunological intervention in autoimmune disease. It is possible to identify T-cell epitopes in organ-specific autoimmunity using pathogenic T-cell clones or hybridomas to identify the peptide sequences which are reactive. Antigen-specific therapy may ultimately be based on such peptide epitopes. The specificity of the T-cells in systemic autoimmunity is still obscure, but there is some evidence that reactivity with certain germ-line idiotypes can lead to the development of systemic autoimmunity. The possibility of stimulating B-cells specific for auto-antigens such as DNA becomes feasible if a complex of antibody and DNA is taken up by these specific B-cells and processed idiotype is presented to T-helpers specific for those idiotype epitopes. Evidence is presented that there may be pre-existing defects in the target organ in certain organ-specific disorders, and the evidence for a glycosylation defect in the IgG in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is explored. It is noted that the spouses of probands with rheumatoid arthritis is explored. It is noted that the spouses of probands with rheumatoid arthritis also tend to have this glycosylation defect and this raises the possibility of an effect due to an environmental factor, such as a microbial infection. Molecular mimicry of autoantigens by microbes can stimulate autoreactive cells by their cross-reactivity. It is emphasized that cross-reaction which gives rise to the priming of autoreactive T-cells could give rise to the establishment of a chronic autoimmune state. In animals with normal regulatory immune systems, such induced autoimmunity is ultimately corrected and it is only in animals where there are defects in regulation, that autoimmunity persists. Thus, there are many factors giving rise to autoimmunity, and the diseases are rightly regarded as multifactorial in origin.
journal_name
J Autoimmunjournal_title
Journal of autoimmunityauthors
Roitt IM,Hutchings PR,Dawe KI,Sumar N,Bodman KB,Cooke Adoi
10.1016/0896-8411(92)90015-isubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-04-01 00:00:00pages
11-26eissn
0896-8411issn
1095-9157journal_volume
5 Suppl Apub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Nodding Syndrome (NS) is a fatal pediatric epilepsy of unknown etiology, accompanied by multiple neurological impairments, and associated with Onchocerca volvulus (Ov), malnutrition, war-induced trauma, and other insults. NS patients have neuroinflammation, and ~50% have cross-reactive Ov/Leiomodin-1 neurotoxic autoim...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102462
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since its description in 1965, Sneddon syndrome (SNS) is usually characterized by the association of an ischemic cerebrovascular disease and a widespread livedo reticularis. The presence of many other manifestations suggests that it is a systemic syndrome. The prevalence of anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL) is highly...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/jaut.2000.0418
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is associated with low serum immunoglobulin concentrations and an increased susceptibility to infections and autoimmune diseases. The treatment of choice for CVID patients is replacement intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy. IVIg has been beneficial in preventing or allevia...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2010.09.006
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared the classical immunofluorescence test (IFT) and counterimmunoelectrophoresis method (CIE) with the new immunoblotting technique (IBT) for the detection of antinuclear antibodies (ANA). Sera from 200 patients were tested in all three assays. Patients were classified as having either rheumatic disease includ...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0896-8411(88)90023-6
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proper T cell activation and function are regulated by the innate immune system, importantly through positive and negative costimulatory molecules in the B7 superfamily. Inducible costimulator (ICOS), the receptor for B7h (also known as B7RP-1), is expressed on T cells after T cell activation. Recently, using ICOS-def...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0896-8411(03)00119-7
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate patterns of autoreactivity in Sjögren's syndrome, the epitope specificity of anti-La antibodies was determined using recombinant antigens bearing sequences of the amino, middle, and carboxyl portions of the La molecule. Sera from patients with primary as well as secondary Sjögren's syndrome reacted with...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0896-8411(89)90161-3
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2017.08.001
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Gut dysbiosis has been reported implicated in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a common chronic inflammatory disease mainly affects sacroiliac joints and spine. Utilizing deep sequencing on the feces of untreated AS patients, our study aimed at providing an in-depth understanding of AS gut microbiota. METHODS:We...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102360
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) cause vascular thrombosis (VT) and/or pregnancy morbidity (PM). Differential mechanisms however, underlying the pathogenesis of these different manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are not fully understood. Therefore, we compared the effects of aPL from patients with thro...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2018.07.002
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to establish a relationship between Hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection and autoimmune thyroiditis, 97 untreated patients with biopsy-proven HCV chronic hepatitis and 97 controls were studied. An ultrasound examination of the thyroid and an assay of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid hormo...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/jaut.1999.0360
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has long been suggested that retroviral infection may play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune rheumatic disease. Particles resembling retroviruses have been reported in tissue from patients with Sjögren's syndrome, lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, and molecular mimicry between retroviral antigens and host prot...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/jaut.1999.0307
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a prototypical antibody-mediated disease characterized by muscle weakness and fatigability. Serum antibodies to the acetylcholine receptor and muscle-specific tyrosine kinase receptor (MuSK) are found in about 85% and 8% of patients respectively. We have previously shown that more than 70% of...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2013.12.007
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::New Zealand (NZ) mouse strains comprise both autoimmune and non-autoimmune animals: NZ black (NZB) mice and the F1 hybrid (NZB/W) of NZB and NZ white (NZW) mice show spontaneous autoimmune disease by 6 months of age and die before the first year of age from renal disease, while NZW mice do not show autoimmune disorder...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0896-8411(92)90160-r
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a proliferation assay, peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from a relatively small proportion of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients and from controls responded to Torpedo acetylcholine receptor (T-AChR), which shows approximately 75% homology with the human AChR. Over 50% of MG patients responded to recombinant human A...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0896-8411(89)90121-2
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most autoimmune diseases (AID) are linked to an imbalance between autoreactive effector T cells (Teffs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs). While blocking Teffs with immunosuppression has long been the only therapeutic option, activating/expanding Tregs may achieve the same objective without the toxicity of immunosuppress...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2015.01.001
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The induction and persistence of a hypo-inflammatory and immunosuppressive state in severe sepsis is commonly associated with increased risks of secondary infections and mortality. Toll-like receptor (TLR)-triggered inflammatory response of macrophages/monocytes plays an important role in determining the outcome of hy...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2017.04.006
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::MIV-7 is a human monoclonal antibody that binds to DNA and carries a pathogenic anti-DNA idiotype 16/6. The antibody was generated by fusing peripheral blood lymphocytes of a healthy donor which were stimulated with an anti-idiotypic antibody to B11 (a human mAb anti-mouse mammary tumor virus-MMTV). The MIV-7, in addi...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0896-8411(92)90008-e
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lupus is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by anti-nuclear antibodies in humans and genetically susceptible NZB/W mice that can cause immune complex glomerulonephritis. T cells contribute to lupus pathogenesis by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17, and by interacting with B cells and secretin...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2014.01.002
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is characterized by necrotizing vasculitis with the presence of pathogenic ANCA. ANCA can potentially cause neutrophil activation and induce neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), resulting in endothelial damage as well as activation of autoreacti...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102390
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Murine monoclonal antibodies (mAb) reacting with affinity-purified antihistone antibodies (AHA) from serum of a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were obtained. One of them, 8B3, was initially considered to recognize idiotypic (Id) determinants in AHA since (a) it reacted with AHA but not with control Ig...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0896-8411(92)90149-k
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::T cell clones reactive to beta-cell antigens prepared from different species were established in order to identify putative pathogenic T cells in human IDDM. We were able to generate T cell clones from patients, but not from controls, reactive specifically to the insulin secretory enriched fraction (ISG) of a rat insu...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/jaut.1995.0017
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoinflammatory diseases (AUIDs) are a genetically heterogeneous group of rheumatic diseases characterized by episodic inflammation linked with dysregulated innate immune responses. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms altered by disease-associated variants in several AUIDs, including NOD2-associated...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2017.10.012
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoimmune diseases are characterized serologically by the presence of antibodies to specific autoantigens. Antibodies to the two antigens Ro/SSA and La/SSB are found in patients with primary (pSS) and secondary Sjögren's syndrome (sSS). To explore if differences in the fine specificity of these autoantibodies could b...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/jaut.1996.0072
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoimmunity is a field that has only been around for a little over a century. Initially, it was thought that autoimmunity could not happen, that the body would never turn on itself (i.e. "horror autotoxicus"). It was only around the First World War that autoimmunity was recognized as the pathogenesis of various disea...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 社论,历史文章
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2013.12.019
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare, chronic disease that affects both adults and children, including infants. The disease is probably triggered by environmental factors in genetically predisposed individuals. The clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic patients or patients with non-specific symptoms, such as ...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2018.10.007
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fundamental task of the immune system is to protect the individual from infectious organisms without serious injury to self. The essence of acquired immunity is molecular self/non self discrimination. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is characterized by a global failure of immune system that begins with the failure of...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2014.10.005
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is a therapeutic preparation consisting of pools of normal, polyspecific IgG antibodies obtained from plasma of several thousand healthy individuals. In addition to its use in primary and secondary immune deficiency, IVIg is increasingly used in the therapy of a large number of autoim...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2012.05.013
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aberrant expression of the p21Ras proto-oncogene has been reported in lymphoid cells of SLE patients. We previously showed that the expression of the p21Ras stimulatory element, hSOS1, is reduced in PBMC from SLE patients with non-active disease. However, the significance of this finding regarding the regulation and f...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/jaut.2002.0596
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease with a poorly understood preclinical stage of immune dysregulation and symptom accrual. Accumulation of antinuclear autoantibody (ANA) specificities is a hallmark of impending clinical disease. Yet, many ANA-positive individuals remain healthy, suggest...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2016.06.001
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Further to define the epitopes of PDC-E2, the major autoantigen in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), we have developed and characterized five human monoclonal antibodies. These antibodies were derived by fusing a regional hepatic lymph node from a patient with PBC with the mouse human heterohybrid cell line F3B6. Previ...
journal_title:Journal of autoimmunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0896-8411(92)90187-u
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00