Abstract:
:Covert vertical transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), the feline counterpart of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), was identified in kittens born to FIV-infected cats. DNA PCR detected FIV gag and env sequences in tissues from kittens nonviable at birth, and in viable kittens monitored postnatally and necropsied at either 11 weeks or 1 year of age. Although FIV DNA was detected in initial blood samples from all 16 viable kittens, viral DNA became increasingly difficult to detect over time and infectious virus could rarely be demonstrated. Only maternal FIV antibody was detected in kitten plasma during the entire postnatal observation period, and kittens remained healthy, with normal CD4:CD8 T cell ratios at >14 months of age. Thus, mother-to-offspring FIV exposure, occurring in utero and postnatally, can result in covert infection in kittens with virus sequestered and contained in tissue sites. These findings appear directly relevant to suspected transient HIV infections and reports of HIV-specific cellular immune responses in highly exposed seronegative adults and uninfected infants born to HIV-positive women.
journal_name
AIDS Res Hum Retrovirusesjournal_title
AIDS research and human retrovirusesauthors
Allison RW,Hoover EAdoi
10.1089/088922203765551764subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-05-01 00:00:00pages
421-34issue
5eissn
0889-2229issn
1931-8405journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We studied the ability of several polyionic compounds, previously shown to have activity in vitro against human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) to block binding of anti-CD4 and recombinant HIV gp120 to the CD4 receptor on human lymphocytes. We found that Evans blue and aurin tricarboxylic acid could completely inhib...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1990.6.1125
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intense research into fundamental processes of human immunodeficiency syndrome type 1 (HIV-1) replication has yielded knowledge that in many aspects equals or exceeds that of the oncogenic retroviruses. The availability of sensitive virus detection methods has allowed a more thorough characterization of the biology of...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/aid.1992.8.107
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sequences from the nef/LTR overlap region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) genome were amplified from uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 40 HIV-2-infected individuals in The Gambia, West Africa. Additional sequences from the plasma of three blood donors were also derived. Anal...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922201750063197
更新日期:2001-02-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2005.0072
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The HIV-1 reverse transcriptase genes from 37 HIV-1-positive pregnant women attending an antenatal clinical in Soweto, South Africa were sequenced and analyzed for the presence of drug resistance mutations. All women were antiretroviral drug naive, but were being screened as potential participants in clinical trials o...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922202753747950
更新日期:2002-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Many aspects of HIV-1 pathogenesis are affected by Nef protein activity, and efforts have been made to study variation in the nef gene and how that variation relates to disease outcome. We studied the genetic diversity of the nef gene in distinct clones obtained from the same patient (intrahost) and in sequences obtai...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2009.0061
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2006.22.240
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV inhibitors targeted at the virus-associated reverse transcriptase (RT) can be divided into two groups, depending on whether they are targeted at the substrate or nonsubstrate binding site. To the first group belong the 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides (i.e., DDC, DDI), 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxynucleosides (i.e., AZT), 3'-flu...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/aid.1992.8.119
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data indicate the presence in the Seychelles Islands of a high level of human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) endemicity as well as the presence of tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM). We present here the results of an hospital survey performed since 1988 in La Réunion Is...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1994.10.745
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 Nef (Nef) is a myristoylated protein that contributes to HIV disease pathogenesis. Nef has a modulatory effect on T cell receptor (TCR) signaling, resulting in up-regulation of interleukin-2 (IL-2) production in stimulated T cells. Recent studies have shown that efficient TCR signaling requires enhanced associat...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922204323087804
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine the patterns of change in body fat and metabolic parameters in a South African cohort on a first line ART regimen containing stavudine. Fasting lipogram, blood glucose and insulin levels, CD4 cell count, viral load, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and skinfold thickness at the tri...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2008.0308
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the effect of drug alternation on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) suppression and emergence of resistant virus strains in CEM cell cultures. Rapid, that is, twice weekly, alternation of lamivudine and nevirapine (at 0.1 microg/ml) at the time of each subcultivation resulted in a long-term supp...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922201753342031
更新日期:2001-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::The combination of didanosine (ddI) and lamivudine (3TC) is attractive considering its low cost, potency, tolerability, and convenience (once daily administration), but it is not recommended as first-line therapy for HIV infection. A prospective, multicenter, open, comparative trial was conducted in HIV-infected, anti...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1089/aid.2006.0029
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Combinations of drugs targeting viral proteins have been used to limit or control drug resistance, which is the most important cause of treatment failure in HIV-1-infected individuals. We suggest an alternative approach, namely to target cellular proteins, which are less prone to mutations than viral proteins. Here we...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/aid.1997.13.1403
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunological responses induced by DNA plasmids containing HIV regulatory genes administered in combination in HIV-1-infected patients with pretreatment with highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). The study is a double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled study, ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/0889222041725190
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of mutations associated with integrase inhibitor (INI) resistance among INI-naive patients may play an important clinical role in the use of those drugs Samples from 76 HIV-1-infected subjects naive to INIs were submitted to direct sequencing. No differences were found between naive (25%) subjects and sub...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2009.0179
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1-infected patients develop a generalized vasculopathy that is clinically most evident as Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), a multifocally appearing endothelial cell-derived tumor. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) is a potent autocrine and paracrine mitogen of endothelial cells and has been implicated in the cell prolifera...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922201300343717
更新日期:2001-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::We studied plasma samples from 2082 Mataco Indians living in 22 different communities in the western part of Formosa Province, northern Argentina. Samples were screened for HTLV-I/II antibodies by particle agglutination assay. All positive or borderline samples were then tested by an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) on ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922299311150
更新日期:1999-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::Enrolling and tracking cohorts for HIV vaccine efficacy trials requires that participants disclose behaviors that place them at risk for exposure to HIV. Brief screening procedures have been suggested for this purpose. In a previous study gay and bisexual men in three U.S. cities reported unprotected anal intercourse ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 outbreaks in Guangxi Province, southern China were initiated from two separate border cities in 1996 and 1997. Drug users in Pingxiang City, which borders Vietnam, were infected with CRF01_AE HIV-1, and drug users in Baise City, which borders Yunan Province, were infected with a novel B/C recombinant HIV-1. Sinc...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/08892220252779719
更新日期:2002-01-20 00:00:00
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2007.0168
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::DC-SIGN, a C-type lection expressed on dendritic cells, enhances HIV-1 infection in cis and in trans. HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF) 07_BC viruses have been the predominant strain found among injection drug users in southern China and Taiwan. The goal of this study was to map the DC-SIGN-interactive domain o...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2010.0215
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The retroviral integrase protein (IN) is essential for virus replication and, therefore, an attractive target for the development of inhibitors to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Diverse classes of compounds that are active against this protein have been discovered using in vitro assays. Here we de...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922204773004842
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic cells (DCs) have been shown to be important in the replication of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV, respectively) in vivo and in vitro. DCs express CD4 and several chemokine receptors, such as CCR5 and CXCR4, which are important for viral entry. In vivo, DCs are abundant at body surface...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/08892220050075318
更新日期:2000-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::We have evaluated the genetic diversity of HIV-1 strains infecting injecting drug users (IDUs) in Lisbon, Portugal. Heteroduplex mobility assay and/or phylogenetic analysis revealed that env (C2V3C3 or gp41) subtype B is present in 63.7% of the 135 viral samples studied, followed by subtypes G (23.7%), A (6.7%), F (5....
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922203766774568
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eight HIV-2-infected Caucasian men living in the same geographical area in Gipuzkoa (northern Spain) have been identified in the last 5 years. HIV-2 infection in this area is uncommon, and no other cases of HIV-2 infection have been found after extensive testing for HIV-1/2 antibodies. Epidemiological data suggested a...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922201750102481
更新日期:2001-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, increasing numbers of patients infected with HIV-1 non-B subtypes have been treated with modern antiretroviral regimens. Therefore, a better knowledge of HIV drug resistance in non-B strains is crucial. Thus, we compared the mutational pathways involved in drug resistance among the most common non-B s...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2011.0142
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of three doses of tipranavir/ritonavir (TPV/r) in highly treatment-experienced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected patients with protease inhibitor (PI)-resistant isolates were evaluated. A 24-week multicenter, double-blind, randomized, dose-finding trial was conduc...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/aid.2006.0178
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six morphine-dependent and two control macaques were infected in an SIV/SHIV nonhuman primate model of AIDS. Three animals in the morphine group rapidly developed clinical disease and died within the timeframe of this study. The sequence evolution of nef in plasma virus was assessed at 4, 12, and 20 weeks postinfectio...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2006.22.817
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::African monkeys can be naturally infected with SIV but do not progress to AIDS. Since mutations in the human CCR5 gene have been shown to influence susceptibility to HIV infection and disease progression, we have now investigated whether mutations in CCR5-coding sequences in African nonhuman primates can explain speci...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922299310647
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00