Abstract：
:The lifetime prevalence of mood disorders in women is approximately twice that of men. The underlying causality of this gender difference is not yet understood. There is increasing scientific attention to the modulation of the neuroendocrine system by fluctuating gonadal hormones. This review attempts to summarize our current state of knowledge on the role and potential relevance of estrogen and other sex steroids to psychiatric disorders specific to women from menarche to menopause. The sudden appearance of higher levels of estrogen in puberty alters the sensitivity of the neurotransmitter systems. Moreover, the constant flux of estrogen and progesterone levels throughout the reproductive years portends constant modification of the neurotransmitter systems. Premenstrual syndromes may be the result of an altered activity or sensitivity of certain neurotransmitter systems. Pregnancy and delivery produce dramatic changes in estrogen and progesterone levels as well as significant suppression along the HPA axis, possibly increasing vulnerability to depression. At menopause, estrogen levels decline while pituitary LH and FSH levels increase. The loss of modulating effects of estrogen and progesterone may underlie the development of perimenopausal mood disorders in vulnerable women. The pattern of neuroendocrine events related to female reproduction is vulnerable to change and is sensitive to psychosocial, environmental, and physiological factors. Further research is needed to be able to identify specific genetic markers which might help us better understand how the balance between estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and other steroid hormones affect neurotransmitter function.
journal_name
J Affect Disordjournal_title
Journal of affective disordersauthors
Steiner M,Dunn E,Born Ldoi
10.1016/s0165-0327(02)00432-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-03-01 00:00:00pages
67-83issue
1eissn
0165-0327issn
1573-2517pii
S0165032702004329journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:Each year, almost 35% of children are exposed to maternal depression and more grow up in persistent poverty, increasing the risk for stress-related disease and other socio-developmental deficits later in life. These impacts are likely related to chronic stress via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axi...
journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jad.2014.09.056
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jad.2015.09.004
更新日期：2016-01-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2017-01-15 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jad.2015.09.041
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jad.2010.03.011
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-09-25 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jad.2012.05.022
更新日期：2012-12-20 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.jad.2008.03.018
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jad.2011.02.011
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jad.2017.05.002
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jad.2014.09.003
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2013-03-20 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2016-09-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Several studies suggest a "male depressive syndrome", where not only the standard symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) but also symptoms of anxiety, anger, irritability and antisocial behaviour are prominent. METHOD:In a community study, 534 males were screened for possible depression by the Gotland ...
journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.065
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Veterans is associated with increased sexual risk behaviors, but the nature of this association is not well understood. Typical PTSD measurement deriving a summary estimate of symptom severity over a period of time precludes inferences about symptom variability, and w...
journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jad.2015.10.039
更新日期：2016-01-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jad.2019.09.073
更新日期：2020-01-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.006
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of affective disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jad.2019.06.047
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
