Association of alcohol-related laws with deaths due to motor vehicle and motorcycle crashes in the United States, 1980-1997.

abstract：:Reasons for health disparities may include neighborhood-level factors, such as availability of health services, social norms, and environmental determinants, as well as individual-level factors. Investigating health inequalities using nationally or locally representative data often requires an approach that can accomm...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Brumback BA,Cai Z,Dailey AB

更新日期：2014-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Risk factors for neonatal seizures were evaluated in 116,048 infants born between 1992 and 1994 to residents of Harris County, Texas; 207 of these infants were diagnosed with clinical neonatal seizures. Information was obtained from the infant's birth certificate to assess the relation between seizures and birth weigh...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Saliba RM,Annegers FJ,Waller DK,Tyson JE,Mizrahi EM

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the mediation mechanisms by which an exposure or intervention affects an outcome can provide a look into what has been called a "black box" of many epidemiologic associations, thereby providing further evidence of a relationship and possible points of intervention. Rapid methodologic developments in medi...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Rudolph KE,Goin DE,Paksarian D,Crowder R,Merikangas KR,Stuart EA

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sibling and twin study designs provide control for confounding factors that are typically unmeasured in traditional cohort studies. Using nationally representative data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health collected at 3 visits during 1994-2002, the authors evaluated the longitudinal association b...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： The NS,Adair LS,Gordon-Larsen P

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) has risen dramatically over the past 50 years. In the search for new risk factors, blood transfusions have been investigated and shown to be associated with subsequent lymphoma in some studies. The authors tested this association in a population-based, case-control study c...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Chow EJ,Holly EA

更新日期：2002-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We determined measurement properties of the Sedentary Time and Activity Reporting Questionnaire (STAR-Q), which was designed to estimate past-month activity energy expenditure (AEE). STAR-Q validity and reliability were assessed in 102 adults in Alberta, Canada (2009-2011), who completed 14-day doubly labeled water (D...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Csizmadi I,Neilson HK,Kopciuk KA,Khandwala F,Liu A,Friedenreich CM,Yasui Y,Rabasa-Lhoret R,Bryant HE,Lau DC,Robson PJ

更新日期：2014-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Difficulties inherent in the identification of immune correlates of protection or severe disease have challenged the development and evaluation of dengue vaccines. There persist substantial gaps in knowledge about the complex effects of age and sequential dengue virus (DENV) exposures on these correlations. To address...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Anderson KB,Buddhari D,Srikiatkhachorn A,Gromowski GD,Iamsirithaworn S,Weg AL,Ellison DW,Macareo L,Cummings DAT,Yoon IK,Nisalak A,Ponlawat A,Thomas SJ,Fernandez S,Jarman RG,Rothman AL,Endy TP

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been suggested that paternal occupational exposures to pesticides and solvents increase the risk of neural tube defects in offspring. With the use of Texas livebirth, fetal death, and linked livebirth-death records, the authors conducted a population-based case-control study among 1981-1986 Texas births to exam...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Brender JD,Suarez L

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been much concern among the public and veterans that specific environmental exposures incurred during the Gulf War were the cause of subsequent illness among Gulf War veterans. In this historical cohort study, the authors compared the postwar morbidity of US military personnel exposed to smoke from the 1991 ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Smith TC,Heller JM,Hooper TI,Gackstetter GD,Gray GC

更新日期：2002-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence that chronic hypoxia precedes death from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is mounting. Prolonged exposure to moderate levels of pollutants could be a contributing factor to hypoxia. Levels of carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and hydrocarbons (HC) are highest in the winter...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hoppenbrouwers T,Calub M,Arakawa K,Hodgman JE

更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The state of pneumococcal carriage-that is, pneumococcal colonization in the nasopharynx of healthy persons-represents a reservoir for the spread of pneumococci among individuals. In light of the introduction of new pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, further knowledge on the dynamics of pneumococcal carriage is importan...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Auranen K,Mehtälä J,Tanskanen A,S Kaltoft M

更新日期：2010-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of invasive bacterial disease among children worldwide. The authors aimed to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics, and serotype distribution of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among Navajo children in the southwestern United States. Active population-b...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： O'Brien KL,Shaw J,Weatherholtz R,Reid R,Watt J,Croll J,Dagan R,Parkinson AJ,Santosham M

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flaws in the design of randomized trials may bias intervention effect estimates and increase between-trial heterogeneity. Empirical evidence suggests that these problems are greatest for subjectively assessed outcomes. For the Risk of Bias in Evidence Synthesis (ROBES) Study, we extracted risk-of-bias judgements (for ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Savovic J,Turner RM,Mawdsley D,Jones HE,Beynon R,Higgins JPT,Sterne JAC

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Populations of Mexican descent have high occurrences of neural tube defects (NTDs). A recent study suggested that folic acid supplements may not protect these populations from NTDs. In a case-control study, the authors investigated the role of folic acid and dietary folate intake in NTD risk among Mexican Americans li...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Suarez L,Hendricks KA,Cooper SP,Sweeney AM,Hardy RJ,Larsen RD

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Persons whose body fat is distributed predominantly in the abdomen compared with the hips are at increased risk of several chronic diseases. This study examined the cross-sectional relation of percent body fat, computed from skinfold thickness, and fat distribution, measured by the waist-to-hip girth ratio, to physiol...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Folsom AR,Burke GL,Ballew C,Jacobs DR Jr,Haskell WL,Donahue RP,Liu KA,Hilner JE

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reviews the historical background and the theoretical development of models for the analysis of data from capture-recapture or multiple-record systems for estimating the size of closed populations. The models and methods were originally developed for use in fisheries and wildlife biology and were later adap...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors：

更新日期：1995-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Low blood pressure during pregnancy has been associated with poor perinatal outcomes. However, whether this association is causal or is due to confounding has never been carefully assessed. The authors used data from the Collaborative Perinatal Project, a large prospective cohort study in 12 hospitals in the United St...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Zhang J,Klebanoff MA

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 1982-1984 Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey used ultrasonography to investigate risk factors for gallstone disease (gallstones or cholecystectomy). Mexican American, Cuban American, and Puerto Rican men (n = 968) and women (n = 1,325) aged 20-74 years were selected from household samples in nine sta...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Maurer KR,Everhart JE,Knowler WC,Shawker TH,Roth HP

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship of acute respiratory illness and infection to chronic bronchitis was investigated in the community of Tecumseh, Michigan. Families were randomly selected for study from among all those in the community and they were followed for periods of one year. Occurrence of acute respiratory illnesses was identi...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Monto AS,Ross HW

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperinsulinemia is associated with multiple metabolic disorders including high triglyceride level, low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level, hypertension, and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). This metabolic constellation is also called the insulin resistance syndrome. All previous data on clustering of t...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Mykkänen L,Haffner SM,Rönnemaa T,Bergman RN,Laakso M

更新日期：1997-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:For the first wave of pandemic influenza or a bioterrorist influenza attack, antiviral agents would be one of the few options to contain the epidemic in the United States until adequate supplies of vaccine were available. The authors use stochastic epidemic simulations to investigate the effectiveness of targeted anti...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Longini IM Jr,Halloran ME,Nizam A,Yang Y

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Public health recommendations promote physical activity to improve health and longevity. Recent data suggest that the association between physical activity and mortality may be due to genetic selection. Using data on twins, the authors investigated whether genetic selection explains the association between physical ac...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Carlsson S,Andersson T,Lichtenstein P,Michaëlsson K,Ahlbom A

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Night-shift work involving disruption of circadian rhythms has been associated with breast cancer risk. A role in prostate cancer is also suspected, but evidence is limited. We investigated the association between night-shift work and prostate cancer incidence in the Prostate Cancer and Environment Study (PROtEuS), a ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Barul C,Richard H,Parent ME

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When analyzing and interpreting data from an epidemiologic study where ordinal (ordered categorical) outcomes have been measured in different exposure groups, an effect parameter of interest is the common odds ratio implied by the proportional odds model. This model can sometimes be applied to a collapsed outcome vari...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Strömberg U

更新日期：1996-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Mendelian randomization (MR) is a method for estimating the causal relationship between an exposure and an outcome using a genetic factor as an instrumental variable (IV) for the exposure. In the traditional MR setting, data on the IV, exposure, and outcome are available for all participants. However, obtaining comple...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Pierce BL,Burgess S

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors investigated the association between intrauterine growth and intellectual disability (ID). The appropriateness of intrauterine growth was assessed using percentage of optimal birth weight, a measure that accounts for gestational age, maternal height, parity, and infant sex. Using population-based record li...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Leonard H,Nassar N,Bourke J,Blair E,Mulroy S,de Klerk N,Bower C

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A cross-sectional study of the 979 nonsmoking women and men aged 20-29 years who participated in the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study from 2004 to 2008 was conducted to determine the prevalence of serum ascorbic acid (vitamin C) deficiency and its association with markers of chronic disease in a population of yo...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Cahill L,Corey PN,El-Sohemy A

更新日期：2009-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucose intolerance and diabetes mellitus are associated with physical inactivity, but it is unclear whether preventive interventions should aim at increasing overall energy expenditure or increasing participation in vigorous, fitness-enhancing activities. Studies aimed at separating and quantifying the effects of the...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Wareham NJ,Wong MY,Day NE

更新日期：2000-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The author evaluated the validity of four historically based variables collected on Georgia birth certificates: outcome of preceding pregnancy, history of delivery of a low- (<2,500 g) or high- (>4,000 g) birth-weight infant, and death of the baby resulting from the preceding pregnancy. Data were derived from birth an...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Adams M

更新日期：2001-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors conducted an investigation to determine the extent and source of an outbreak of Salmonella typhimurium gastroenteritis that occurred following a community picnic in Juneau, Alaska, in 1992, and to evaluate risk factors for illness. A case-control study among 54 picnic attendees and a retrospective cohort s...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Gessner BD,Beller M

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00