Abstract:
:Reducing elevated levels of low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) significantly reduces the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) events and mortality in hypercholesterolemic patients. CHD risk reduction is proportional to LDL-C reduction. Despite this knowledge, many physicians are not applying existing treatment guidelines to the extent required to achieve target LDL-C levels. Target LDL-C levels are not achievable for most patients without drug therapy. Based on their lipid-lowering abilities, safety, and tolerability profiles, the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are the first-line pharmacotherapeutic agents for hypercholesterolemia. The ability of statins to reduce CHD events and total mortality in primary- and secondary-prevention patients also supports this assertion. For combined dyslipidemia, statin monotherapy is a reasonable initial approach in patients with moderate hypertriglyceridemia because statins effectively lower both LDL-C and triglycerides. Fibrates or niacin are effective therapies for severe hypertriglyceridemia. Resins are moderately effective in isolated hypercholesterolemia, and are a useful alternative to statins in pregnant women or patients with liver disease. For severe hyperlipidemia that does not respond to single drug therapy, combination drug therapy may be required. This article reviews the various manifestations of dyslipidemia and assesses the most efficacious treatments.
journal_name
Cardiovasc Drugs Therjournal_title
Cardiovascular drugs and therapyauthors
McKenney JMdoi
10.1023/a:1013341606476subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-09-01 00:00:00pages
413-22issue
5eissn
0920-3206issn
1573-7241journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Cilazapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and mibefradil, a selective T-type voltage-operated calcium channel blocker, have been shown to prevent neointima formation after vascular injury. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the mechanism of action of both drugs. For this purpose, the influence...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00823586
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the acute and chronic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine (PLC) on mechanical function of isolated rabbit heart. Propionyl-L-carnitine was either directly delivered in the perfusate (10(-9) to 10(-3) M) or intraperitoneally injected (250 mg/kg) for 10 days to the animals. When added acutely, propionyl-L-carnit...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00128239
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antihypertensive effects of once-daily administration of celiprolol 400 mg were compared with those of once-daily enalapril 20 mg in 20 mild to moderate essential hypertensives in a single-blind study in which the subjects were randomized to 2 weeks' treatment with either drug, preceded by 2 weeks of placebo admin...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF00051236
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucose-insulin-therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has had a long history, going back 37 years to the pioneering concepts of Sodi-Pallares. Although a recent meta-analysis of a number of smaller trials has suggested mortality benefit, it is only the South American trial, published in Circulation in 1998, th...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 评论,社论,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1007757407246
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Irisin is a newly identified 112 amino acid hormone, derived as a product of fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (FNDC5), which is highly related to metabolic activity in skeletal muscle and brown fat. The effects of irisin on cardiovascular functions are unknown. PURPOSE:To explore the effects of ce...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10557-015-6580-y
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concentrations of the circulating hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) increase in the very early phase of acute myocardial infarction, and are a marker of arterial thrombosis. A recently developed, highly sensitive HGF assay can detect the early stages of arterial thrombosis in patients with unstable angina pectoris, acute...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/B:CARD.0000041252.33870.74
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the protective effects of hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) against chronic alcohol intake-induced left ventricular remodeling and explore the potential mechanisms involved. METHODS:Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: alcohol group, NaHS group, alcohol + NaHS group, and control group. The echocardi...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10557-013-6441-5
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding and controlling the consequences of myocardial ischemia requires us to acknowledge that we are dealing with a complex, dynamic, and highly variable process. The severity and progression of ischemic injury is not solely determined by the extent of oxygen deprivation, but by many other factors, including t...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF00054247
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Major advances have been established in the handling of hypertensive vascular disease in recent years. However, drug compliance, drug costs, and the side effects of antihypertensive agents have prompted the question of whether intermittent therapy or even possible removal of medication represents an alternative to lif...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02026496
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::During acute myocardial ischemia, passage of potassium ions across the sarcolemma to the extracellular space is a well-established phenomenon. A recent hypothesis is that the ATP-dependent potassium channel plays a role in contributing to the potassium loss. As the potassium loss starts while the overall level of ATP ...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF00877615
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to compare and clarify the effects of various antiarrhythmic drugs when given as monotherapy, we reevaluated our previous data on antiarrhythmic drugs and recalculated antiarrhythmic plasma concentrations of drugs for several canine arrhythmia models. We used three spontaneously occurring arrhythmias: a) digi...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00120829
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the association between low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) use and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. METHODS:We conducted a retrospective study of patients consecutively enrolled from two major academic hospitals exclusively for COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, from January 26, 2020, to March...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10557-020-07133-3
更新日期:2021-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Ouabain, when applied to rings of the left circumflex coronary artery of the dog (which contains both alpha 1-adrenoceptors leading to contraction and beta 1-adrenoceptors leading to relaxation) caused an initial contraction which peaked within 15 minutes and a later secondary increase in tension which peaked within 6...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00051242
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of orally administered captopril, enalapril and lisinopril on plasma concentrations of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin II (ANGII) and renin (PRC) were studied over a period of 6 hours in 6 normal subjects. A further 4 subjects received intravenous enalapril and enalaprilic acid (enalaprila...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02125832
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The VHAS (Verapamil-Hypertension Atherosclerosis Study) Investigators entered 1464 patients with essential hypertension and blood pressure (BP) values > or = 160 mmHg systolic and 95 mmHg diastolic (DBP) but excluded those with a DBP > or = 115 mmHg, and those with diabetes mellitus or previous myocardial infarction o...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF00877865
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Homocysteine (Hcy) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases that impairs endothelial function. We investigated whether the impaired endothelial function can be restored by the eNOS transcription enhancer AVE3085 in porcine coronary arteries. The effects of AVE3085 against Hcy on eNOS-NO functio...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10557-013-6478-5
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:A multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study aimed to define the potential positive effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition on left ventricular systolic function (LVSF) beyond glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (DYDA 2™ trial). METHODS:Individuals with ...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10557-019-06898-6
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the effect of antihypertensive drugs on aortic distensibility, we evaluated the aortic distensibility of 33 hypertensive patients before and after antihypertensive treatment by using cine magnetic resonance imaging. Thirty three hypertensive patients were divided into three groups and treated for 12 weeks wi...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1023/a:1007711617112
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To assess whether glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition using tirofiban in low risk patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) may reduce the risk of periprocedural myocardial infarction compared to standard care in poor responders to aspirin and/or clopidogrel. METHODS:We will enroll patients at ...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s10557-008-6121-z
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thrombolytic therapy has gained widespread acceptance as a means of treating coronary artery thrombosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Although experimental data have demonstrated that timely reperfusion limits the extent of infarction caused by regional ischemia, there is growing evidence that reperfus...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF00133206
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To compare the lifetime cost and effectiveness of five alternative chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) management strategies: rivaroxaban, warfarin, aspirin plus clopidogrel, aspirin and no prevention. METHODS:An individual-level state-transition model was developed to track the lifetime disease course associated...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10557-013-6490-9
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a group of diseases characterized by a progressive increase of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), initially due to abnormal pulmonary vasoconstriction in response to endothelial injury. Recent studies have here confirmed the prominent role of endothelin (ET)-1 in vasoconstric...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10557-015-6605-6
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rational approach to the treatment of chronic myocardial ischemia requires an appreciation of the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease and the treatment options available. Any factor that causes an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand can provoke ischemia. Myocardial oxygen requirements rise w...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1007782210758
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::There can be no doubt that ACE inhibitors prolong survival in patients with a low ejection fraction. There is no evidence whether or not diuretics have the same effect. The pathophysiology of asymptomatic patients with poor left ventricular function differs from that of patients with the clinical syndrome of heart fai...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF00877716
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium entry blockers exert several characteristic effects on renal function that contribute to their blood-pressure lowering capacity. They are able to dilate renal vasculature and, in certain circumstances, can increase the glomerular filtration rate, both effects being dependent on the preexisting vascular tone. C...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02018304
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Left ventricular dysfunction is in most cases the consequence of myocardial ischemia. It may occur transiently during an attack of angina and usually it is reversible. It may persist over hours or even days in patients after an episode of ischemia followed by reperfusion, leading to the so-called condition of stunning...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF00877322
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early reperfusion represents the key strategy in ST elevation myocardial infarction. However, reperfusion may induce myocardial damage due to the reperfusion myocardial injury, compromising the full potential of reperfusion therapy and accounting for unfavourable results in high risk patients. Adenosine seems to atten...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10557-015-6606-5
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The glucose-lowering drug metformin has recently been shown to reduce myocardial oxygen consumption and increase myocardial efficiency in chronic heart failure (HF) patients without diabetes. However, it remains to be established whether these beneficial myocardial effects are associated with metformin-induced ...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10557-020-07050-5
更新日期:2020-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::When severely ischemic myocardium is reperfused, prolonged myocardial dysfunction--a phenomenon named myocardial stunning--frequently occurs. Stunning also occurs in a variety of other situations. These include myocardium located adjacent to infarcted tissue, transient increase in myocardial O2 demands in the presence...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF00053546
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Several beta blocking drugs (BB) reduce mortality in systolic heart failure (LVSD). We have compared the initial response to introduction of carvedilol and bisoprolol during the standard dose titration protocols for each drug. METHODS:Approximately 31 unselected patients with stable LVSD were randomised t...
journal_title:Cardiovascular drugs and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s10557-007-6055-x
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00