Abstract：
:Alterations in the function and structure of the blood vessel wall account for most clinical events in the coronary and cerebrovascular circulation such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Cardiovascular drugs may exert beneficial effects on the vascular wall both at the level of the endothelium and vascular smooth muscle cells. Therefore, endothelial mediators, in particular nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin (ET), are of special interest. Drugs can modulate the expression and actions of NO, a vasodilator with antiproliferative and antithrombotic properties, and of ET, a potent vasoconstrictor and proliferative mitogenic agent. The most successful drugs in this context are statins and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitors. While statins increase the expression of NO synthase. ACE-inhibitors increase the release of NO via bradykinin-mediated mechanisms. Antioxidant properties of drugs are also important, as oxidative stress is crucial in atherosclerotic vascular disease. These properties may explain part of the effects of calcium antagonists and ACE-inhibitors. Indeed, angiotensin II stimulates NAD(P)H oxidases responsible for the formation of superoxide, which inactivates NO. ACE-Inhibitors thus increase the bioavailability of NO. Newer cardiovascular drugs such as nebivolol are able to directly stimulate NO release from the endothelium both in isolated arteries and in the human forearm circulation. ET receptor antagonists may exert beneficial effects in the vessel wall by preventing the effects of ET at its receptors and by reducing ET production. In summary, cardiovascular drugs have important effects on the vessel wall, which may be clinically relevant for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
journal_name
J Cardiovasc Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of cardiovascular pharmacologyauthors
Lüscher TF,Spieker LE,Noll G,Cosentino Fdoi
10.1097/00005344-200112003-00002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-12-01 00:00:00pages
S3-11eissn
0160-2446issn
1533-4023journal_volume
38 Suppl 3pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Beside its antiarrhythmic properties, which in particular are used for the treatment of atrial fibrillation, quinidine is known to have alpha-adrenoceptor blocking properties. On the other hand, atrial fibrillation is reported to cause activation of the sympathetic nervous system which, in turn, reduces coronary blood...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-198712000-00003
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate whether the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor cerivastatin alters the nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability of porcine aortic endothelial cell cultures and of native porcine coronary endothelium, after short-term (minutes) and long-term (24-hour) treatment with cerivastatin (electrochemi...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-200309000-00006
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A great number of calcium antagonists are available for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Differences in pharmacodynamic and/or pharmacokinetic properties can be used to optimize therapy in patients and to minimize side effects. In contrast to all dihydropyridine (DHP) derivatives, drugs of the verapamil type ...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Measurements of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) catecholamines (CA) were made in an attempt to estimate the activity of central CA neurons in essential hypertension (EHT). CSF norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (EPI), and dopamine (DA) levels were measured in 12 normotensive (age 36 +/- 3 years; SBP = 116 +/- 4 and DBP = 79 +...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Isoprostanes are a family of prostaglandin-related compounds formed from arachidonic acid in a cyclooxygenase-independent manner as products of free radical-initiated lipid peroxidation. To elucidate the biological activity of the F2-and E2-isoprostanes, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-iso-PGF2alpha) and 8-iso-prostagl...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199706000-00012
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In view of recent findings on the anatomic heterogeneity of rapid vasodilation via estrogen receptor (ER)-dependent mechanisms, it is obvious that with regard to human physiology and disease much of it is still unknown, and research in this area is urgently needed. This is also important because chronic drug therapy w...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/FJC.0b013e31829709d4
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coronary artery disease is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in Western countries. Its pathogenesis is unknown but involves an enhanced vasoconstriction and increased interaction of platelets and monocytes with the vessel wall, as well as proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix formation o...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Platelet aggregation induced by serotonin in plasma obtained from 9 volunteers was inhibited at 90 min and 15 h after the oral administration of ketanserin, either acutely or after one week of chronic administration. At 7 days after the last dose, a transient overreaction to serotonin occurred. Platelet reactions to e...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-198500077-00007
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) is a definite risk factor for cardiovascular complications (i.e., cardiac failure, coronary artery disease, and stroke) independent of diastolic elevation. The prevalence of ISH is estimated to be approximately 15-20% in the population above the age of 60 years, and increases with ...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the influence of various inflammatory reactions on the survival rate and occurrence of arrhythmias in the acute phase of experimental myocardial infarction in conscious male Sprague--Dawley CFY rats. Chronic disseminated inflammatory disease was induced by subplantar injection of Freund complete adjuvant, w...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-198205000-00004
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amylin is a 37-amino acid peptide that shares considerable homology with calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Both peptides exert glycoregulatory actions and produce vasodilation of the cardiovascular system. We wished to determine if amylin exerts vasodilatory action in the perfused mesenteric arterial bed in a ma...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199512000-00012
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments were designed to examine mechanisms of relaxations to nitric oxide (NO) in venous smooth muscle. Rings of canine femoral veins without endothelium were suspended for measurement of isometric force in organ chambers. Concentration-response curves to NO and 8-Br-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were obt...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199909000-00014
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflammation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. This study investigated whether the proteasome inhibitor has the same preventive effect on the formation of accelerated atherosclerosis in rabbits with uremia compared with a NF-kappaB inhibitor. New Zealand white rabbits were subjected to five-...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181c87f8e
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart failure is associated with attenuation of parasympathetic nervous function and enhanced renin-angiotensin activity. We tested whether there was a dysfunction in the efferent cholinergic neurotransmission in the heart of rats with chronic myocardial infarction (MI) and the potential role of angiotensin II (Ang II...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199806000-00019
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/00005344-198812006-00007
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-200004000-00012
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We produced transgenic mice overexpressing Na+/ H+ exchanger as a model of salt-sensitive hypertension and reported that dietary salt loading elevates blood pressure in these transgenic mice. We speculate that this blood pressure elevation may be attributed to the elevation of intraarterial smooth muscle Ca2+ concentr...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-200003000-00024
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelin-1 (ET-1) influences vascular function by modulating intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in smooth muscle. This study investigated the effects of ET-1 on [Ca2+]i and contractile responses in resistance vessels of young prehypertensive (5 week) and adult hypertensive (17 week) spontaneously hypert...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the hemodynamic and inotropic effects of the new class III antiarrhythmic drug melperone. In eight pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs, the effects of intravenous melperone 0.5, 2.5, and 12.5 mg/kg-1 were tested. During atrial pacing we measured cardiac output (CO), mean aortic blood pressure (MAP), right ...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-198207000-00017
更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-198603000-00004
更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199802000-00004
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High blood pressure (BP) is associated with increased risk of vascular disease, including myocardial infarction and stroke. Since drugs that lower BP will reduce the risk of those complications of hypertension that are due to high pressure (strokes due to small-vessel disease, including lacunar infarction and intracer...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to investigate the putative role of endothelin (ET) in mediating ischemia/hypoxia-induced ANP release utilizing exogenous ET-1 or ET receptor antagonists (BQ-123 or Bosentan). Isolated rat hearts with non-distended atria were perfused using a Langendorff apparatus and heart rate mainta...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-200402000-00010
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With chronic angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, blood pressure remains controlled throughout the day despite intermittent recovery of normal function of the renin-angiotensin system. This has been taken as evidence to suggest that the disappearance of angiotensin II (Ang II) from the circulation is not th...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using selective endothelin (ET) receptor antagonists, we investigated which ET receptor subtypes mediate the changes in blood pressure and hematocrit produced by intraarterial injection of ET-1 in the anesthetized rabbit. In addition, the receptor through which ET-1 stimulates the release of prostacyclin (PGI2) and, h...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199322008-00050
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was designed to examine whether physiologically tolerable insulin, which maintains lower blood glucose, can protect the myocardium against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in a preclinical large animal model. Adult dogs were subjected to 50 minutes of myocardial ischemia (80% reduction in coronary blood fl...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/01.fjc.0000249873.73197.c3
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sotalol is a beta-blocker with class III antiarrhythmic properties that has recently been used in children for the treatment of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. However, little is known about its electrophysiologic effects on the immature heart. Using intracardiac electrocardiographic recordings and stimu...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199201000-00019
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelin (ET) receptor subtypes in human prostate with benign prostatic hyperplasia were investigated by binding and functional studies. In the displacement experiment, LU224332 [endothelin-A/-B (ET(A)/ET(B)) nonselective antagonist] competed for [125I]ET-1 binding with a monophasic curve. On the other hand, LU13525...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-200036051-00074
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The similarity between the metabolic pathways of serotonin in platelets and serotoninergic nerve endings has often been emphasized. The turnover of serotonin was therefore investigated in two diseases: hypertension (as central serotoninergic neurones appear to modulate central sympathetic nervous activity) and depress...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-198500077-00003
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
