Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Patients with schizophrenia have impairments in several domains of cognition, including working memory/executive function, verbal memory, language, oculomotor scanning/psychomotor speed, and general intelligence. Impairments have also been found in unaffected siblings, suggesting they could be heritable. To assess the suitability of cognitive dysfunction for use in genetic studies, we estimated relative risk (lambda) in a large cohort of siblings. METHODS:One hundred forty-seven patients with schizophrenia, 193 of their siblings, and 47 control subjects were studied using a neuropsychological test battery, which included intelligence quotient (IQ), Wide Range Achievement Test, Wisconsin Card Sort, Wechsler Memory Scale (revised), California Verbal List Test, Trails A and B, and Letter and Category Fluency. Relative risk was estimated using a cutoff score of 1 SD below the control mean. RESULTS:As expected, patients performed markedly worse than control subjects on all tests except the Wide Range Achievement Test. Siblings had impaired performance on the Wisconsin Card Sort and Trails B, with trends for reduction (p = .01-.05) on the California Verbal List Test and Letter Fluency. Relative risk to siblings was elevated on the Trails B (lambda = 4.0) and California Verbal List Test (lambda = 2.8). Trends (p = .01-.05) for increased lambda were also seen for Wisconsin Card Sort, Letter Fluency, Wechsler Memory Scale and decline in IQ (lambda = 1.74-2.4). Correlations between tests of different cognitive functions were weak, indicating they measure relatively independent processes. CONCLUSION:Unselected siblings of patients with schizophrenia have impairments in several cognitive domains. Relative risk scores were in the moderate range, suggesting a significant genetic component. Impairments on one test only weakly predicted impairments on other tests. Thus, cognitive phenotypes identify distinct, familial traits associated with schizophrenia. Using this dimensional approach to subdividing schizophrenia may reduce the clinical and genetic heterogeneity of schizophrenia and improve the power of genetic studies.
journal_name
Biol Psychiatryjournal_title
Biological psychiatryauthors
Egan MF,Goldberg TE,Gscheidle T,Weirich M,Rawlings R,Hyde TM,Bigelow L,Weinberger DRdoi
10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01133-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-07-15 00:00:00pages
98-107issue
2eissn
0006-3223issn
1873-2402pii
S0006322301011337journal_volume
50pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with autism show clinical features suggestive of abnormal processing of auditory and other sensory information. We hypothesized that low-functioning autistic subjects present abnormalities in discriminating simple auditory stimuli at sensory system preconscious stages of cortical processing. METHOD...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2007-07-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
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