Abstract：
:On completion of a Nephrology fellowship, I went back to the inner city community where I was raised to begin my practice. Filled with idealism, I believed that, by returning, I could slow the devastation that hypertension was imparting on the black community, and in doing so, prevent end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It was soon obvious that this view was naive. Although the government is willing to spend $60,000 per dialysis patient per year, there is no adequate system for, nor funding of, prevention. Social factors impact on prevention as well. Black physicians are often not readily accepted on staffs of hospitals in their own communities. The community itself often values medical care more highly from others not of their own race. Medical schools, located in inner city neighborhoods, rarely encourage their graduates to practice in the local communities. Economic issues result in varying access to care, with the poorest, who often have the highest needs, receiving the least. Effective change will occur only when there is a concerted multidisciplinary approach, led by respected leaders in the black community (nurses, physicians, preachers, social workers, teachers, and politicians) to create an atmosphere of empowerment within the community residents.
journal_name
Semin Nephroljournal_title
Seminars in nephrologyauthors
Crawford PWdoi
10.1053/snep.2001.23688subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-07-01 00:00:00pages
329-33issue
4eissn
0270-9295issn
1558-4488pii
S0270-9295(01)70053-8journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Assessment of adiposity should include measurements of both body mass index and waist circumference. The prevalence of obesity, based on a body mass index of 30 kg/m(2) or greater, has increased substantially over the past 2 decades in Western societies. Obesity remains the number one preventable risk factor for chron...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.12.006
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first aldosterone blocker, spironolactone, initially was used as a diuretic but was accompanied by a significant amount of side effects that necessitated the withdrawal of the drug in a relevant number of patients. The discovery of the many receptor-mediated actions of aldosterone in several different organs great...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2014.04.005
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclooxygenase inhibitors have long been used in experimental studies as well as in clinical practice to reduce urinary protein excretion in proteinuric renal diseases. However, the mechanisms by which this treatment limits glomerular filtration of proteins are not fully elucidated. We will review the cellular and mol...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Substantial progress has been made in the application of computer-driven methods to provide erythropoietic dosing information for patients with anemia resulting from chronic kidney disease. Initial solutions were simply computerized versions of traditional paper-based anemia management protocols. True personalization ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.05.010
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Premature menopause defined as secondary amenorrhea is common in women with kidney disease. Moreover, the aging population has resulted in increasing numbers of postmenopausal women with kidney disease. Though the pathophysiology is poorly understood, kidney transplantation and more frequent hemodialysis can restore m...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2017.05.013
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The kidney plays a critical role in regulating water homeostasis through specific proteins highly expressed in the kidney, called aquaporins, allowing water permeation at a high rate. This brief review focuses on some nephropathies associated with impaired urinary concentrating ability and in particular analyzes the r...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2008.03.007
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At present the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy remains unresolved. Clearly lack of insulin, with its associated disorders of carbohydrate, protein, and/or lipid metabolism, initiates the process which eventually leads to the characteristic histologic picture of diabetic nephropathy. The disturbance in cellular me...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute ingestion of protein and intravenous infusion of amino acids are known to stimulate increases in renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in animals and humans. Although some investigators believe that these changes are mediated by a circulating hormonal factor, there is considerable evidence that i...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure is a critically important aspect to consider in the study and management of drug-induced kidney injury. Although blood concentrations of kidney toxicants often may provide a valid surrogate measure of kidney exposure, the kidney has several unique physiological and biochemical properties that lend themselves ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.12.006
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The complement system consists of 3 pathways and more than 30 proteins, including those with biological activity that directly or indirectly mediate the effects of this system, plus a set of regulatory proteins necessary to prevent injudicious complement activation on host tissue. The role for complement in the pathog...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2006.09.009
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In patients with chronic kidney disease, an impaired capacity of the kidney to excrete sodium is a major contributor to hypertension. We discuss the role of sodium restriction and diuretic therapy for resistant hypertension in chronic kidney disease. Independent of increasing blood pressure, a sustained high sodium in...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2014.08.005
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In chronic kidney disease the excessive production of parathyroid hormone increases the bone resorption rate and leads to histologic bone signs of secondary hyperparathyroidism. However, in other situations, the initial increase in parathyroid hormone and bone remodeling may be slowed down excessively by a multitude o...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2014.09.004
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although calcitriol has been shown to have an important role in the pathogenesis of hyperparathyroidism, its use as a therapeutic agent often has been limited by calcemic and phosphatemic toxicity. Vitamin D analogs and the synthetic prohormones, with the potential to have lesser effects on calcium and phosphorus, hav...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2004.06.013
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peritoneal dialysis (PD) may be a feasible, safe, and complementary alternative to hemodialysis not only in the chronic setting, but also in the acute setting. It previously was widely accepted for acute kidney injury (AKI) treatment, but its practice decreased in favor of other types of extracorporeal therapies. The ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2016.10.011
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Projected requirements for nephrology physicians indicate a need for an increase in the number of nephrology trainees. In addition, government regulations are creating the climate to diminish the entry of international medical graduates into all residency programs. To meet the needs of renal patients, especially those...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As kidney function declines, chronic kidney disease (CKD) becomes an increasingly systemic disorder. Most patients with CKD eventually develop subclinical or clinical abnormalities in bone and mineral metabolism. Recent observational and basic scientific studies have led to a new emphasis on the changes in phosphorus ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2009.01.002
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperhomocysteinemia, highly prevalent in well-nourished patients with chronic renal failure and in uremia, causes toxic effects that can be envisioned in terms of cardiovascular risk increase. However, its effects on cellular metabolism and on gene expression, not to mention receptor regulation, only recently are bei...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2005.06.005
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Initially described in 1984, human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) has now become a common disease within the HIV-seropositive population. It is a focal segmental glomerulosclerosis causing rapid deterioration of renal function. It is the most common cause of chronic renal disease in HIV patients...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/snep.2003.50018
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The renal tubular epithelium maintains different sets of transport proteins in plasma membrane domains facing the lumenal and mucosal fluids and limits diffusion between these two compartments. This asymmetry is generated by directing transporters to the appropriate membrane domain, a process that requires both an int...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Red cell production in chronic kidney disease is usually too low to maintain a normal haemoglobin, and thus anaemia develops in a large proportion of patients. The ability to stimulate erythropoiesis in the bone marrow by the use of therapeutic agents has only been possible in the last 20 years, initially with recombi...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2006.05.008
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This prospective multicenter study included 1,205 patients, who were referred for difficult-to-treat hypertension or analysis of possible secondary hypertension. After a standardized selection protocol based on sharply defined drug-resistant hypertension or renal function impairment during angiotensin-converting enzym...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dent's disease and familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) are inherited diseases in which hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, and renal failure are prominent features. Dent's disease resembles a Fanconi syndrome, with impaired reabsorption in the proximal tubule; FHHNC, with urinary los...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.semnephrol.2003.08.011
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mineralocorticoid hypertension is hypertension associated with the presence of hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, and suppression of plasma renin. Mineralocorticoid hypertension represents only 10% of patients with essential hypertension. However, its recognition is important because it is a potentially reversible caus...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2006.10.004
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review emphasizes four major areas of pediatric hypertension. Because hypertension is the most common reason student athletes fail the sports pre-participation examinations, we have attempted to provide a rationale approach to the decision process to permit a hypertensive child to partake in leisure and competiti...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent new insights into the determinants of the plasma water sodium concentration ([Na(+)](pw)) have played an important role in advancing our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of the dysnatremias. Central to these recent advances is the recognition of the full significance of the Edelman equation disco...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2009.03.006
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite intensive research over the past three decades, the events leading to pathogenic autoantibody production and immune deposit formation in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus continues to be debated. The controversy is fueled by the clinical observations that individual patients with lupus have variabl...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium homeostasis is an important aspect of maternal and fetal physiology during gestation, and recent evidence implicates alterations in calcium metabolism in the pathogenesis of hypertension during pregnancy. Deficiencies in calcium intake have been linked to preeclampsia/eclampsia, and hypocalciuria and deviation...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertension is growing in prevalence and most of this growth represents isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly. Attempts at prevention are critical but likely are ineffectual. Therefore, the delivery and acceptance of current medical regimens must be improved. ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2005.02.002
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blood pressure increases with age in all US population groups that have been studies, but does so faster in African Americans. Evidence from extensive microscopic renal vascular studies at autopsy supports the view that blood pressure increases with age because of progressive fibroplasia of renal interlobular arteries...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The search for an endogenous digitalis has led to the identification of the cardenolides ouabain and digoxin and the bufadienolide marinobufagenin in mammalian tissues and biological fluids. Ouabain's release from adrenal glands is under the control of epinephrine and angiotensin II; hence, its blood concentration cha...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2005.03.010
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
