Protein targeting: the molecular basis of vectorial transport in the kidney.

abstract：:Monocytes/macrophages and activated (but not resting) lymphocytes as well as certain subsets of thymocytes express the VDR. This protein is indistinguishable from the classical 50-kDa VDR and is encoded by an mRNA with identical nucleotide sequence to that of the human intestinal VDR. Acting via the VDR, 1,25(OH)2D3 m...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Manolagas SC,Yu XP,Girasole G,Bellido T

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An expanding proportion of people in the United States and worldwide are affected by kidney disease, leading to a growing concern over the public health implications. Despite the high prevalence and the considerable associated health risks of kidney disease, major gaps in our knowledge base hinder the delivery of opti...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Himmelfarb J,Shankland SJ

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Frailty is a distinct phenotype that is highly prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and appears to be more prevalent with decreasing glomerular filtration rate. Exercise training or intervention to increase physical activity may ameliorate poor physical functioning and frailty, and even may improve survival in pa...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Sheshadri A,Johansen KL

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prolonged hyperuricemia is associated with the development of hypertension, renal arteriolosclerosis, glomerulosclerosis, and tubulointerstitial injury. It confers a greater risk than proteinuria for developing chronic renal disease and is associated with the development of hypertension. Mild chronic hyperuricemia wit...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Sánchez-Lozada LG,Tapia E,Rodríguez-Iturbe B,Johnson RJ,Herrera-Acosta J

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Overweight and obesity are associated with arterial hypertension. Given the large increase in the obesity prevalence worldwide, the number of obese patients with hypertension is likely to increase substantially in the near future. Overweight and obese patients are exposed to an important metabolic and cardiovascular r...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Vogt B,Bochud M,Burnier M

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intravascular volume consists of 40% to 45% red cells. Their production is controlled predominantly by erythropoietin (EPO), a hormone that is secreted particularly when tissue hypoxia is present. Because of this high percentage of the total intravascular volume the question comes to mind that, in addition to hypo...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Kirsch KA,Schlemmer M,De Santo NG,Cirillo M,Perna A,Gunga HC

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium homeostasis is an important aspect of maternal and fetal physiology during gestation, and recent evidence implicates alterations in calcium metabolism in the pathogenesis of hypertension during pregnancy. Deficiencies in calcium intake have been linked to preeclampsia/eclampsia, and hypocalciuria and deviation...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Hojo M,August P

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract anatomy (CAKUT) are common in children and represent approximately 30% of all prenatally diagnosed malformations. CAKUT is phenotypically variable and can affect the kidney(s) alone and/or the lower urinary tract. The spectrum includes more common anomalies such as ...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Toka HR,Toka O,Hariri A,Nguyen HT

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been known for decades that urinary potassium excretion varies with a circadian pattern. In this review, we consider the historical evidence for this phenomenon and present an overview of recent developments in the field. Extensive evidence from the latter part of the past century clearly shows that circadian p...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Gumz ML,Rabinowitz L

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis has developed greatly since the discovery of ANCA, directed against neutrophil components, in 1982. Observations in human disease, and increasingly sophisticated studies in vitro and in rodent models in vivo, have allowed a nuanced u...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Hutton HL,Holdsworth SR,Kitching AR

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with renal failure. Patients with chronic kidney disease have significant CVD, and carry a high cardiovascular burden by the time they commence renal replacement therapy (RRT). The severity of CVD that has been observed in dialysis ...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Jaradat MI,Molitoris BA

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Red cell production in chronic kidney disease is usually too low to maintain a normal haemoglobin, and thus anaemia develops in a large proportion of patients. The ability to stimulate erythropoiesis in the bone marrow by the use of therapeutic agents has only been possible in the last 20 years, initially with recombi...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Macdougall IC

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diuretics commonly are administered in disorders of sodium balance. Loop diuretics inhibit the Na-K-2Cl transporter and also increase calcium excretion. They are often used in the treatment of hypercalcemia. Thiazide diuretics block the thiazide-sensitive NaCl transporter in the distal convoluted tubule, and can decre...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Grieff M,Bushinsky DA

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Renal involvement is common in leptospirosis. Clinical manifestations vary from urinary sediment changes to acute renal failure. Renal failure is observed in 44% to 67% of patients. Hypokalemia frequently occurs. Severe hypotension is an important warning sign for the later development of renal and pulmonary complicat...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Sitprija V,Losuwanrak K,Kanjanabuch T

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Membranous nephropathy is a relatively common glomerular disease found to underlie both nonnephrotic and nephrotic proteinuria. In adults, about 75% of cases are primary (idiopathic) and 25% are secondary to a wide variety of causes, including neoplasia, infections, autoimmunity, and drugs. Presenting features are not...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Glassock RJ

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This prospective multicenter study included 1,205 patients, who were referred for difficult-to-treat hypertension or analysis of possible secondary hypertension. After a standardized selection protocol based on sharply defined drug-resistant hypertension or renal function impairment during angiotensin-converting enzym...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： van Jaarsveld BC,Krijnen P

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy (HIVAN), the single most common cause of end-stage renal failure in seropositive patients, has increased in incidence by 30% each year since 1991. Occurring almost exclusively in blacks, HIVAN became the third leading cause of ESRD in blacks, ages 20 to 64, in ...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Winston JA,Burns GC,Klotman PE

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autophagy is a ubiquitous intracellular catabolic process that contributes to homeostatic maintenance and regulates the balance between health and disease. Emerging evidence from both the immunology and renal literature suggests that important relationships exist between the immune system and renal autophagy that may ...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Leventhal JS,He JC,Ross MJ

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Care of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) has changed during the past 30 years. Tools to control hyperglycemia have improved and it was shown that improvement in glycemic control diminished the risk of late diabetic complications, including nephropathy. Moreover, in patients with impaired renal function, aggressive ...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Krolewski AS,Bonventre JV

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Assessment of adiposity should include measurements of both body mass index and waist circumference. The prevalence of obesity, based on a body mass index of 30 kg/m(2) or greater, has increased substantially over the past 2 decades in Western societies. Obesity remains the number one preventable risk factor for chron...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Wickman C,Kramer H

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous free radical that serves cell signaling, cellular energetics, host defense, and inflammatory functions in virtually all cells. In the kidney and vasculature, NO plays fundamental roles in the control of systemic and intrarenal hemodynamics, the tubuloglomerular feedback response, pressur...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Kone BC

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:By analogy to the findings with other transport disorders such as Bartter's or Liddle's syndrome, it might be expected that the various forms of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) could result from defects in H-ATPase or H-K-ATPase. However, the available data do not yet support such a simple explanation. With regard to dis...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Mujais SK

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with cirrhosis have significant abnormalities in their fluid and electrolyte balance, this is manifested mainly by the development of ascites and edema. Ascites is the most common complication of patients with cirrhosis and its development constitutes the first and most important manifestation of the disease....

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Cárdenas A,Ginès P

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute renal failure (ARF) is an important clinical syndrome. Despite the frequent occurrence of ARF, nephrologists have not made major therapeutic inroads in the treatment or prevention of ARF. This article will speculate as to why it has been so difficult to gain a substantial foothold in the ongoing battle against A...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Paller MS

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past decade, the safety and efficacy of long-term treatment with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in children with chronic renal failure before and after renal transplantation has been established. This article reviews the increasing evidence that rhGH treatment also results in a significant improvem...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Haffner D,Schaefer F

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Necrosis is the predominant form of regulated cell death in acute kidney injury (AKI) and represents results in the formation of casts that appear in the urine sedimentation, referred to as muddy brown casts, which are part of the diagnosis of AKI. Pathologists referred to this typical feature as acute tubular necrosi...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Kers J,Leemans JC,Linkermann A

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Compared with Caucasians, African Americans have lower circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), the major storage form of vitamin D, leading to the widespread assumption that African Americans are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency. However, the finding that African Americans maintain better in...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Saxena N,Gutiérrez OM

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathogenesis of many common etiologies of nephropathy has been informed by recent molecular genetic breakthroughs. It now is apparent that the ethnic disparity in the risk for nondiabetic chronic kidney disease between African Americans and European Americans is explained largely by variation in the apolipoprotein...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Freedman BI,Locke JE,Reeves-Daniel AM,Julian BA

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP) is a free, community-based, kidney disease screening program designed to detect chronic kidney disease (CKD) early and promote follow-up evaluation with clinicians to ultimately improve outcomes. This program screens individuals with diabetes, hypertension, or those with a fi...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Vassalotti JA,Li S,McCullough PA,Bakris GL

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sphingolipids, including ceramides, glycosphingolipids, sphingomyelin, and sphingosine-1-phosphate, have been recognized as important molecules that regulate critical cellular functions. Although originally studied in the context of lysosomal storage diseases, the roles of these compounds in more common disorders invo...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Shayman JA

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00