Abstract:
UNLABELLED:Propofol has an antiemetic effect that may be mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) influences on the serotonin system, the mechanism of which is not known. We used three techniques, immunohistochemistry, High Performance Liquid Chromatography, and electrophysiology, to define propofol's effects on the rat's brainstem. Paired male Wistar rats received propofol, 20 mg/kg/hr, or Intralipid for 6 h. The brains were then subjected to immunohistochemical analysis of serotonin. In a separate experiment after a propofol or Intralipid infusion, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was extracted from the fourth ventricle and analyzed for the amount of serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. Electrophysiological neuronal recordings were made in the area postrema (AP) in response to propofol with and without a GABA or serotonin antagonist. Results showed that immunohistochemical staining for serotonin in the propofol rats was significantly increased (28 +/- 12%) in the dorsal raphe and decreased in the AP (17 +/- 6%) compared with control. There were no significant changes in the isoflurane-anesthetized animals. Both serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the CSF of the fourth ventricle at the level of the AP were significantly reduced by 63% and 36%, respectively. Both propofol and pentobarbital injections reduce AP neuronal activity, but only the propofol response was blocked by bicuculline, a GABA antagonist. We conclude that the reduced levels of serotonin in the AP and the CSF may explain the antiemetic property of propofol. Propofol may also directly act on AP neurons via a GABA(A) receptor to reduce their activity. IMPLICATIONS:Propofol may produce its antiemetic effect by depleting the area postrema of serotonin as well as by a direct gamma-aminobutyric acid-mediated inhibition.
journal_name
Anesth Analgjournal_title
Anesthesia and analgesiaauthors
Cechetto DF,Diab T,Gibson CJ,Gelb AWdoi
10.1097/00000539-200104000-00027subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-04-01 00:00:00pages
934-42issue
4eissn
0003-2999issn
1526-7598journal_volume
92pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute lung injury is a recognized complication of lower limb ischemia-reperfusion that has been demonstrated experimentally and in the clinical setting of aortic surgery. The application of a tourniquet can cause lower limb ischemia-reperfusion in orthopedic surgery. We studied the effect of unilateral thigh...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181e368d2
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The cellular mechanisms underlying the sedative effect of general anesthetics are not completely understood. Accumulating evidence indicates that the ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO) of the hypothalamus plays a critical role. The VLPO contains 2 major types of neurons, the noradrenalin-inhibited GABAergic ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e318297366e
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epistaxis and airway trauma are often associated with nasotracheal intubation. We describe a patient with Factor IX deficiency who required nasotracheal intubation. An inexpensive, nonproprietary, rapid technique was used to reduce the trauma of intubation. ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/01.ANE.0000133914.26066.99
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bilateral paravertebral block (PVB) is a suitable alternative to thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) for abdominal surgeries. This randomized clinical trial aims to determine if PVB is noninferior to TEA in terms of analgesia after midline laparotomy. METHODS:Seventy American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000004219
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To compare the arterial and venous concentration differences of propofol, six healthy adult patients received a propofol infusion by the Bristol three-stage manual stepdown technique. Both the mean arterial and venous concentrations of propofol remained relatively stable during the 40-min infusion. Simultaneous blood ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/00000539-199412000-00021
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adverse reactions to volatile anesthetics and depolarizing muscle relaxants can occur in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) resulting in acute rhabdomyolysis and hyperkalemia. We report a case of hyperkalemic cardiac arrest after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass in a child with unsuspected DMD...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/01.ANE.0000146533.21771.2F
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Acute withdrawal syndromes, including agitation and a long weaning time, are common adverse effects after long-term sedation with midazolam. We performed this study to determine whether the sequential use of midazolam and propofol could reduce adverse effects as compared with midazolam alone. We studied 26 p...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000048714.01230.75
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To test the relative effects on serum creatinine (CRE), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and urine output of small-dose dopamine and fenoldopam in patients undergoing liver transplantation, we randomized 43 patients to 1 of 2 continuous infusions over 48 h, starting with anesthesia induction: fenoldopam, 0.1 microg . kg(-1)...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/01.ANE.0000136420.01393.81
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::CO2 absorbents were introduced into anesthesia practice in 1924 and are essential when using a circle system to minimize waste by reducing fresh gas flow to allow exhaled anesthetic agents to be rebreathed. For many years, absorbent formulations consisted of calcium hydroxide combined with strong bases like sodium and...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000005137
更新日期:2020-09-14 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:In this study, we sought to determine the minimum analgesic doses and relative potencies of fentanyl and sufentanil when they are used as the sole epidural analgesic during the first stage of labor. Nulliparous parturients (n = 66) in spontaneous labor at term gestation and requesting epidural analgesia were...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000054003.03645.cf
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Medical procedures often evoke pain and anxiety in pediatric patients. Virtual reality (VR) is a relatively new intervention that can be used to provide distraction during, or to prepare patients for, medical procedures. This meta-analysis is the first to collate evidence on the effectiveness of VR on reduci...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000004165
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) frequently experience a coagulopathy associated with a high incidence of thrombotic events leading to poor outcomes. Here, biomarkers of coagulation (such as D-dimer, fibrinogen, platelet count), inflammation (such as interleukin-6), and immunity (such as lymphocyte co...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000005147
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic pain is one of the most common complaints in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated sensory neuropathy. Ryanodine receptor (RyR) and mitochondrial oxidative stress are involved in neuropathic pain induced by nerve injury. Here, we investigated the role of RyR and mitochondrial su...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000003916
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of leg skin warming in preventing hypothermia and shivering was evaluated in two separate prospective, randomized trials in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. In the first trial, 22 patients were randomized to receive no hypothermia prevention (control group) or active warming with an electric warming...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/00000539-199311000-00021
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitral valve replacement is frequently complicated by a low cardiac output syndrome and elevated pulmonary arterial pressures. In the present study, we used dobutamine to increase cardiac index and measured the pulmonary hemodynamic effects in 10 patients with increased pulmonary vascular tone following mitral valve r...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the safety, efficacy, and dose response of epidurally administered morphine for analgesia after cesarean delivery, 40 healthy women who underwent cesarean delivery with epidural anesthesia were randomly assigned to receive one of four regimens for relief of postoperative pain: intramuscular administration...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Bonfils Retromolar Intubation Fiberscope is a rigid, straight fiberoptic device with a 40-degree curved tip, which facilitates targeted intubation. Bonfils, using a retromolar approach to intubate tracheas of children with Pierre Robin syndrome, was first described in 1983. After an initial steep learning curve, t...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e318265bae2
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Landmark and ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane blocks have demonstrated an opioid-sparing effect postoperatively after cesarean delivery. The more posterior quadratus lumborum (QL) might provide superior local anesthetic spread to the thoracolumbar fascia and paravertebral space. The aim of our s...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000002648
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Suppression of nitric oxide (NO) production alters the toxicity of cocaine and bupivacaine. We undertook this study to determine whether the systemic toxicity of two other local anesthetics that differ in antiarrhythmic activity, plasma clearance, and biotransformation are similarly affected by nitric oxide ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-199904000-00003
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To test the hypothesis that, after anesthesia for noncardiac surgical procedures, the increased cardiac work during recovery induces wall motion and ejection fraction (EF) abnormalities in patients with mild angina pectoris, gated radionuclide angiography was performed in patients undergoing simple cholecystectomy und...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:There has been growing interest in determining the possible immune consequences of opioid administration for the management of postoperative pain. We studied the effects of morphine and tramadol on pain and immune function during the postoperative period in 30 patients undergoing abdominal surgery for uterin...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-200006000-00028
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evaluation of a new inhaled anesthetic requires determination of the anesthetic's potential to predispose to ventricular (and other) arrhythmias in an animal model. This need poses logistic and economic burdens if the effects of large numbers of new anesthetics are to be surveyed. We have devised a technique for deter...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/00000539-199006000-00013
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may result in severe pain, and single-injection femoral nerve blocks (SFNB) have been demonstrated to have a limited duration of analgesia. Continuous femoral nerve blocks (CFNB) can prolong the analgesic duration of SFNB. We prospectively randomized 36 patients undergoing TKA to CFNB ver...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000198675.20279.81
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 10 premature infants (1123 +/- 263 g), fentanyl citrate (30 to 50 microgram/kg) was used in conjunction with pancuronium (0.1 mg/kg) as the sole anesthetic for transthoracic ligation of patent ductus arteriosus. Ventilation was controlled with air and oxygen in concentrations sufficient to maintain transcutaneous P...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Impaired in vivo immunity is often observed after major surgery and is multifactorial. We conducted a randomized clinical study to determine the independent effects of general anesthesia (GA) and of lumbar epidural anesthesia (LEA) on human immune function in the absence of surgical trauma. Nineteen healthy ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000539-200108000-00044
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method involving sodium fusion and analysis by fluoride electrode, which has been used for the determination of total fluorinated metabolites of fluorine-containing drugs in physiologic fluids, is shown to be inapplicable to volatile fluorinated metabolites of volatile fluorinated anesthetic agents. The yields of in...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tracheal temperature--the temperature of the tracheal wall--is believed to reflect the core temperature. The trachea reacts quickly to temperature changes because it is surrounded by various large arteries and veins. Using the blood temperature from the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and the jugular vein temperature as ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1213/00000539-199304000-00020
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We evaluated the efficacy of a single-injection technique for percutaneous peribulbar anesthesia with a short needle as an alternative to the double-injection technique for cataract extraction. METHODS:We included 200 patients who underwent elective cataract surgery randomized into 2 equal groups. They rece...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181c293bd
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The Meyer-Overton hypothesis predicts that the potency of conventional inhaled anesthetics correlates inversely with lipophilicity: minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) x the olive oil/gas partition coefficient equals a constant of approximately 1.82 +/- 0.56 atm (mean +/- SD), whereas MAC x the o...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-199904000-00035
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endocardial motion and surface/volume changes during the cardiac cycle are echocardiographic methods for regional (analysis of wall motion) and global (fractional area change, stroke volume, and ejection fraction) evaluation of cardiac function. These conventional methods can be subjective, and/or time consuming and, ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e31818a6c4c
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00