Abstract:
:The small (21 kDa) guanine nucleotide-binding protein (small G protein) superfamily comprises 5 subfamilies (Ras, Rho, ADP ribosylation factors [ARFs], Rab, and Ran) that act as molecular switches to regulate numerous cellular responses. Cardiac myocyte hypertrophy is associated with cell growth and changes in the cytoskeleton and myofibrillar apparatus. In other cells, the Ras subfamily regulates cell growth whereas the Rho subfamily (RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42) regulates cell morphology. Thus, the involvement of small G proteins in hypertrophy has become an area of significant interest. Hearts from transgenic mice expressing activated Ras develop features consistent with hypertrophy, whereas mice overexpressing RhoA develop lethal heart failure. In isolated neonatal rat cardiac myocytes, transfection or infection with activated Ras, RhoA, or Rac1 induces many of the features of hypertrophy. We discuss the mechanisms of activation of the small G proteins and the downstream signaling pathways involved. The latter may include protein kinases, particularly the mitogen-activated or Rho-activated protein kinases. We conclude that although there is significant evidence implicating Ras, RhoA, and Rac1 in hypertrophy, the mechanisms are not fully understood.
journal_name
Circ Resjournal_title
Circulation researchauthors
Clerk A,Sugden PHdoi
10.1161/01.res.86.10.1019subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-05-26 00:00:00pages
1019-23issue
10eissn
0009-7330issn
1524-4571journal_volume
86pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:RATIONALE:Abnormal phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) is a hallmark of vascular disorders such as atherosclerosis and restenosis after angioplasty. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators for VSMC function, and we recently identified miR-663 as critical for controlling human aortic ...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.301306
更新日期:2013-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::Glibenclamide, one of the antidiabetic sulfonylureas, is known to block ATP-dependent K+ channels. We used this drug to determine to what extent K+ loss from acutely ischemic myocardium is mediated via these channels. We also investigated whether glibenclamide would influence ischemic arrhythmias. Isolated rat hearts ...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.66.2.478
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.66.4.986
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.69.3.881
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2001-04-13 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.61.1.141
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.314416
更新日期:2019-09-13 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.56.2.231
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000181160.31851.05
更新日期:2005-09-16 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.212969
更新日期:2010-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::The deposition of platelets at the site of balloon angioplasty is thought to play a major role in the pathogenesis of restenosis. The antibody AZ-1, which binds to the rabbit platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor and inhibits platelet function both in vitro and in vivo, was produced and tested in an experimental mod...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.75.2.268
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000250046.69918.d5
更新日期:2006-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::Alterations in voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels in the arterial smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were investigated using the whole-cell voltage clamp and compared with Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Single cells were freshly isolated from resistance mesenteric arteries from 4- to 5-week-old (young...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.73.6.1090
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000182425.49768.8a
更新日期:2005-09-16 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The major goal of this study was to determine the interactions of VLDL surface and core lipids with the artery wall. We first demonstrated in vitro that surface lipid in VLDL could be traced using the phospholipid-like fluorescent probe 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3, 3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine (DiI). The core of VLDL p...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.86.7.768
更新日期:2000-04-14 00:00:00
abstract::Prolongation of the action potential has been postulated to be a major reason for the altered diastolic relaxation of the heart in patients with severe heart failure. To investigate the electrophysiological basis for this action potential prolongation in terminal heart failure, K+ currents were recorded in single vent...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.73.2.379
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myocardial damage due to reperfusion of ischemic tissue is caused primarily by infiltrating neutrophils. Although leukocyte beta2 integrins (CD18) play a critical role, significant neutrophil emigration persists when CD18 is neutralized or absent. This study examined the role of leukocyte beta1 integrin (alpha4) and i...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.0000013835.53611.97
更新日期:2002-03-22 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.309396
更新日期:2017-09-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.202077
更新日期:2009-09-11 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000110083.17024.60
更新日期:2004-02-06 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine whether prolonged loss of NO activity, in endothelial NO synthase knockout (eNOS(-/-)) mice, influences endothelin (ET) ETA receptor-mediated smooth muscle contraction and, if so, to define the underlying mechanism(s). In isolated endothelium-denuded abdominal aortas, contraction...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000224120.52792.10
更新日期:2006-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::The aim was to identify energy-consuming processes, other than contraction, downregulated during moderate hypoxia ( approximately 5 micromol/L, 0.5% O(2)) and severe hypoxia (<0.5 micromol/L, <0.05% O(2)) in isolated neonatal cardiomyocytes. The metabolic response of cardiomyocytes to moderate and severe hypoxia was a...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2002-04-19 00:00:00
abstract::In the mammalian myocardium, potassium (K(+)) channels control resting potentials, action potential waveforms, automaticity, and refractory periods and, in most cardiac cells, multiple types of K(+) channels that subserve these functions are expressed. Molecular cloning has revealed the presence of a large number of K...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/hh2301.100349
更新日期:2001-11-23 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.112.266403
更新日期:2012-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::The changes in renal function produced by endogenous synthesis of prostaglandins by the kidney were evaluated by infusing sodium arachidonate, the prescursor of the prostaglandins, into one renal artery of the dog. These changes were compared with those produced by similar infusions on performed prostaglandin (PG) E2 ...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.36.1.197
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular disease continues to be the leading cause of death among women in the United States, accounting for ≈1 of every 3 female deaths. Sex-specific data focused on cardiovascular disease have been increasing steadily, yet is not routinely collected nor translated into practice. This comprehensive review focus...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.307547
更新日期:2016-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Congenital heart disease is the most common birth defect, and because of major advances in medical and surgical management, there are now more adults living with congenital heart disease (CHD) than children. Until recently, the cause of the majority of CHD was unknown. Advances in genomic technologies have discovered ...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.309140
更新日期:2017-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::We determined whether local bradykinin production modulates cardiac adrenergic activity. Depolarization of guinea pig heart sympathetic nerve endings (synaptosomes) with 1 to 100 mmol/L K+ caused the release of endogenous norepinephrine (10% to 50% above basal level). This release was exocytotic, because it depended o...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.81.5.774
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00