Effect of intrauterine growth restriction on blood pressure, glucose tolerance and sympathetic nervous system activity in the rat at 3-4 months of age.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:Epidemiological studies suggest that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) due to maternal undernutrition during pregnancy represents a major risk factor for hypertension and diabetes in adult age. However, placental insufficiency, rather than maternal malnutrition, is the main cause of IUGR in the Western world. We therefore studied the relationship between birth weight and adult blood pressure and glucose tolerance in an established animal model of placental insufficiency. DESIGN:IUGR was induced by uterine artery ligation in pregnant rats and the offspring were studied at 3-4 months of age. METHODS:In one subgroup of animals (n = 41, birth weight range 3.2-6.6 g) blood pressure was recorded over 72 h using telemetry and hypothalamic tissue levels of noradrenaline was measured. In another subgroup (n = 30, birth weight range 3.0-6.8 g) the activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) was assessed by noradrenaline isotope dilution techniques and glucose tolerance determined by an intravenous glucose load. RESULTS:Adult blood pressure was independent of birth weight Haemodynamic responses of IUGR rats to moderate sound stress was unaltered. In male rats neither SNS activity, hypothalamic noradrenaline concentrations nor glucose tolerance was associated with birth weight In contrast, IUGR in female rats was associated with increased SNS activity, elevated fasting blood glucose as well as lower insulin and higher glucose levels in response to a glucose load. CONCLUSION:IUGR is not linked to an elevated blood pressure at 3-4 months of age in this model. However, in female rats, IUGR is associated with increased SNS activity and impaired glucose tolerance in adult life.

journal_name

J Hypertens

journal_title

Journal of hypertension

authors

Jansson T,Lambert GW

doi

10.1097/00004872-199917090-00002

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1999-09-01 00:00:00

pages

1239-48

issue

9

eissn

0263-6352

issn

1473-5598

journal_volume

17

pub_type

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