The toxicity of dithiocarbamate fungicides to soil nematodes, assessed using a stress-inducible transgenic strain of Caenorhabditis elegans.

Abstract:

:The dithiocarbamate fungicides maneb and mancozeb induce a short-term stress response in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans strain (PC72) carrying a reporter lacZ gene under the control of a homologous heat shock (hsp16) promoter. This response can be readily monitored as induced beta-galactosidase activity, either by in situ staining or by a quantitative fluorometric enzyme assay. Particularly strong responses are induced by mancozeb (three- to fivefold above controls at 500 microg mL(-1)), causing acute toxicity at concentrations comparable to those recommended for field application (2 mg mL(-1)). Although much of this fungicide is adsorbed by soil, sufficient (ca. 6%) enters the soil water compartment to cause mild stress in the transgenic worm assay. Among possible metabolites from mancozeb breakdown, neither Mn2+ nor ethylenethiourea (ETU) is particularly toxic even at 10% of the optimum mancozeb dosage. Stress responses to a range of other pesticides are also reported, and in several cases it is clear that a nontarget soil species (here, transgenic C. elegans) may be sensitive to low-level contamination.

journal_name

J Biochem Mol Toxicol

authors

Guven K,Power RS,Avramides S,Allender R,de Pomerai DI

doi

10.1002/(sici)1099-0461(1999)13:6<324::aid-jbt6>3.

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1999-01-01 00:00:00

pages

324-33

issue

6

eissn

1095-6670

issn

1099-0461

pii

10.1002/(SICI)1099-0461(1999)13:6<324::AID-JBT6>3.

journal_volume

13

pub_type

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